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Phytoremediation pp 319–373Cite as

Woody Species in Phytoremediation Applications for Contaminated Soils

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Abstract

Trees as an important part of terrestrial ecosystems were closely connected with humans from ancient times. Since then woody plants found applications in many other practical fields. In this chapter it is presented that woody plants have a substantial role not only for biomass production, in reducing erosion and moderating the climate (extraordinarily important from the aspect of global atmosphere warming), but also for removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, storage of large amount of carbon in their tissues, and release of large part of oxygen into the atmosphere. Attention is particularly devoted to the nontraditional utilization of woody plants in phytoremediation applications, especially in phytoextraction, phytostabilization, and rhizodegradation, when both inorganic and organic contaminants can be removed and a comprehensive overview of phytoremediation potential of fast-growing trees as well as some other common woody species, including also various remarkable (non-exotic, exotic, and invasive) woody plants, is presented. Fast-growing trees, such as poplars or willows, remediate the contaminated soils and work effectively with contaminated wastewater, landfill leachate, and tannery waste out flows. Since these trees have an extensive and massive root system penetrating deeply into the soil, they can ensure efficient uptake of water-containing pollutants from the substrate. It is also mentioned specific application of phytoremediation in the region with large area of salinization of soils when these sites acquire better quality. Introduction of woody species that can survive on contaminated areas is outlined, that is fundamental for landscape restoration. This revegetation (phytorestoration) of barren areas by woody species that efficiently cover the soil thus prevents the migration of contaminated soil particles and soil erosion by wind and surface water run-off. The authors emphasized that success of restoration process relies on a proper understanding of their ecology, namely, the relationships between soil, plants, environmental conditions, and land or forest management.

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Acknowledgement

This contribution was financially supported by the “code ITMS 26240120004, funded by the ERDF”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Soil Science, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic

    Elena Masarovičová

  2. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic

    Katarína Kráľová

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  1. Elena Masarovičová
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Correspondence to Elena Masarovičová .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Abid A. Ansari

  2. Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

    Sarvajeet Singh Gill

  3. Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

    Ritu Gill

  4. College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Guy R. Lanza

  5. College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Lee Newman

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Masarovičová, E., Kráľová, K. (2018). Woody Species in Phytoremediation Applications for Contaminated Soils. In: Ansari, A., Gill, S., Gill, R., R. Lanza, G., Newman, L. (eds) Phytoremediation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99651-6_14

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