Abstract
An overview of the interaction between the causes and effects of all kinds of space weather, outlining some clear ideas about ionospheric space weather as a specific subject area within the magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere (M-I-A) system. There is detailed discussion of the well known and frequently used solar-terrestrial ‘indices of activity’, as the parameters characterizing solar and geomagnetic activity. The overall aim is to explain why human society on planet Earth and outwards into space cannot work safely, function efficiently, and progress steadily without committed and comprehensive research initiatives in space weather.
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Relevant Websites
ftp://ftp.swpc.noaa.gov/pub/weekly/RecentIndices.txt
https://www.ukssdc.ac.uk/cgi-bin/digisondes/cost_database.pl
ftp://ftp.gfz-potsdam.de/pub/home/obs/kp-ap
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Cander, L.R. (2019). Space Weather Causes and Effects. In: Ionospheric Space Weather. Springer Geophysics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99331-7_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99331-7_3
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