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Multi-Modality Imaging pp 217–247Cite as

Geometric and Topological Modelling of Organs and Vascular Structures from CT Data

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Abstract

Automatic segmentation of organs in CT scans is a field of rising interest for the generation of 3D models that can help surgery planning, training and support during surgical procedures. However, the reconstruction and visualization of 3D models of organs with vascular structures present several modelling problems. In this chapter, we review these problems and describe a methodology that allows for the reconstruction to be automatic. In particular this chapter describes and illustrates: how to transform and extract 3D geometry from sets of planar contours/polygons annotated on DICOM images, a solution for enforcing polygon vertex order consistency, polygon triangulation by ear clipping and respective inner angle calculation for irregular polygons, a polygon tiling algorithm for stitching contours in adjacent slices, a file format for storing multiple polygons per slice and support for storing their correspondences with other polygons in other slices. Finally, we show how these algorithms can be used together to build different reconstruction solutions: surface-based reconstruction for organs with simple topology, composite surfaces for organs with branching, single surface with branching and polygon extrusion for topologically complex vascular structures. We conclude by showing how organs and vascular structures can be viewed together using transparency.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partially funded by Programa de Cooperación Transfronteriza España Portugal (POCTEP) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) Reference code: 0401_RITECA_II_4_E.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. C3i + CIAUD, Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre + Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal

    João Fradinho Oliveira

  2. Bioengineering and Health Technology Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Cáceres, Spain

    José Blas Pagador & José Luis Moyano-Cuevas

  3. Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Cáceres, Spain

    Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo

  4. Hospital Dr. José Maria Grande, Portalegre, Portugal

    Hugo Capote

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  1. João Fradinho Oliveira
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  2. José Blas Pagador
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  3. José Luis Moyano-Cuevas
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  4. Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo
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  5. Hugo Capote
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Correspondence to João Fradinho Oliveira .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program on Health Technology (PPGTS), Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná – PUCPR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Mauren Abreu de Souza

  2. Federal University of Technology – Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Humberto Remigio Gamba

  3. Institute of Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Helio Pedrini

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Oliveira, J.F., Pagador, J.B., Moyano-Cuevas, J.L., Sánchez-Margallo, F.M., Capote, H. (2018). Geometric and Topological Modelling of Organs and Vascular Structures from CT Data. In: Abreu de Souza, M., Remigio Gamba, H., Pedrini, H. (eds) Multi-Modality Imaging. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98974-7_9

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