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Evaluation of Glaucomatous Structural Changes

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Abstract

Glaucoma is defined as a specific optic neuropathy [1], therefore optic nerve head (ONH) evaluation is one of the essential elements in disease detection and monitoring. Qualitative assessment of the ONH neuroretinal rim (NRR), cup-to-disc ratio, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defect have been reported as valuable parameters in evaluation of glaucomatous damage with different degrees [2].

As structural ONH and RNFL changes usually manifest before functional visual field loss, the appliance of reliable quantifying assessment method may provide a more reliable and reproducible measurements in glaucoma [3, 4]. The introduction of modern imaging modalities such as the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (GDx), scanning laser polarimetry (HRT), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) have offered objective and reproducible measurements of the topographic parameters of both the ONH and the RNFL. However, the scanning laser polarimeter (GDx Nerve Fiber Analyzer; Laser Diagnostics Technologies, San Diego, CA) assesses the RNFL thickness around the optic disc, confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph [HRT]; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) and optical coherence tomography (OCT, various devices and manufacturers are available) provide quantitative data of both RNFL thickness and topographic parameters of the ONH [5].

As indicators of biological processes are estimated as disease markers, changes in the ONH topography, peripapillary RNFL thickness, the ganglion cell layers thickness in the macula will be discussed in this section.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania

    Akvile Stoskuviene

  2. Department of Neurology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania

    Akvile Stoskuviene

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  1. Akvile Stoskuviene
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Correspondence to Akvile Stoskuviene .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania

    Ingrida Januleviciene

  2. Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Alon Harris

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Stoskuviene, A. (2019). Evaluation of Glaucomatous Structural Changes. In: Januleviciene, I., Harris, A. (eds) Biophysical Properties in Glaucoma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98198-7_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98198-7_12

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