Skip to main content

Management of the Stenosing Frontal Recess

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Frontal Sinus Surgery

Abstract

Achieving long-term, positive outcomes from frontal surgery can be challenging. Local complications such as scarring, middle turbinate lateralization, and stenosis of surgically enlarged ostia can lead to recurrent sinonasal obstruction and eventual surgical failure. Residual inflammation can also impede mucosal recovery and incite polypoid disease, further compromising surgical results. The frontal sinus is particularly vulnerable to surgical failure given its narrow outflow and difficult accessibility to topical therapies. Patency rates after frontal sinusotomy (Draf IIA) can range anywhere from 67.6% to 92% and may diminish over time, highlighting the need for diligent surveillance following surgery and optimization of the wound healing environment during the postoperative period. This chapter will address management of the stenosing frontal recess. A broad spectrum of therapeutic options have been developed to manage this condition including postoperative debridement, balloon sinus dilation (BSD), frontal stents, bioabsorbable implants, and in-office revision frontal sinusotomy, all of which will be discussed in this chapter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Senior BA, Kennedy DW, Tanabodee J, Kroger H, Hassab M, Lanza D. Long-term results of functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Laryngoscope. 1998;108(2):151–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Ragab SM, Lund VJ, Scadding G. Evaluation of the medical and surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis: a prospective, randomised, controlled trial. Laryngoscope. 2004;114(5):923–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Bhattacharyya N. Symptom outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004;130(3):329–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Hosemann W, Wigand ME, Gode U, Langer F, Dunker I. Normal wound healing of the paranasal sinuses: clinical and experimental investigations. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1991;248(7):390–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Wynn R, Har-El G. Recurrence rates after endoscopic sinus surgery for massive sinus polyposis. Laryngoscope. 2004;114(5):811–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Mendelsohn D, Jeremic G, Wright ED, Rotenberg BW. Revision rates after endoscopic sinus surgery: a recurrence analysis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2011;120(3):162–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. DeConde ASST. Outcomes after frontal sinus surgery: an evidence-based review. Otolaryngol Clin N Am. 2016;49(4):1019–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Friedman M, Bliznikas D, Vidyasagar R, Joseph NJ, Landsberg R. Long-term results after endoscopic sinus surgery involving frontal recess dissection. Laryngoscope. 2006;116(4):573–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Chan Y, Melroy CT, Kuhn CA, Kuhn FL, Daniel WT, Kuhn FA. Long-term frontal sinus patency after endoscopic frontal sinusotomy. Laryngoscope. 2009;119(6):1229–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Friedman M, Landsberg R, Schults RA, Tanyeri H, Caldarelli DD. Frontal sinus surgery: endoscopic technique and preliminary results. Am J Rhinol. 2000;14(6):393–403.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Gaskins R. Scarring in endoscopic ethmoidectomy. Am J Rhinol. 1994;8(6):271–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Bugten V, Nordgard S, Steinsvag S. The effects of debridement after endoscopic sinus surgery. Laryngoscope. 2006;116(11):2037–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Bugten V, Nordgard S, Steinsvag S. Long-term effects of postoperative measures after sinus surgery. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2008;265(5):531–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Lee JY, Byun JY. Relationship between the frequency of postoperative debridement and patient discomfort, healing period, surgical outcomes, and compliance after endoscopic sinus surgery. Laryngoscope. 2008;118(10):1868–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Rudmik L, Soler ZM, Orlandi RR, Stewart MG, Bhattacharyya N, Kennedy DW, Smith TL. Early postoperative care following endoscopic sinus surgery: an evidence-based review with recommendations. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2011;1(6):417–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Green R, Banigo A, Hathorn I. Postoperative nasal debridement following functional endoscopic sinus surgery, a systematic review of the literature. Clin Otolaryngol. 2015;40(1):2–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Sillers MJ, Lay KF. Balloon catheter dilation of the frontal sinus ostium. Otolaryngol Clin N Am. 2016;49(4):965–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Rees CJ, Halum SL, Wijewickrama RC, Koufman JA, Postma GN. Patient tolerance of in-office pulsed dye laser treatments to the upper aerodigestive tract. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;134(6):1023–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Prickett KK, Wise SK, DelGaudio JM. Cost analysis of office-based and operating room procedures in rhinology. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2012;2(3):207–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Eloy JA, Friedel ME, Eloy JD, Govindaraj S, Folbe AJ. In-office balloon dilation of the failed frontal sinusotomy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012;146(2):320–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Luong A, Batra PS, Fakhri S, Citardi MJ. Balloon catheter dilatation for frontal sinus ostium stenosis in the office setting. Am J Rhinol. 2008;22(6):621–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Wycherly BJ, Manes RP, Mikula SK. Initial clinical experience with balloon dilation in revision frontal sinus surgery. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2010;119(7):468–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Chen PG, Wormald PJ, Payne SC, Gross WE, Gross CW. A golden experience: fifty years of experience managing the frontal sinus. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(4):802–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Perloff JR, Palmer JN. Evidence of bacterial biofilms on frontal recess stents in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Am J Rhinol. 2004;18(6):377–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Hosemann W, Kuhnel T, Held P, Wagner W, Felderhoff A. Endonasal frontal sinusotomy in surgical management of chronic sinusitis: a critical evaluation. Am J Rhinol. 1997;11(1):1–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Hunter B, Silva S, Youngs R, Saeed A, Varadarajan V. Long-term stenting for chronic frontal sinus disease: case series and literature review. J Laryngol Otol. 2010;124(11):1216–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Freeman SB, Blom ED. Frontal sinus stents. Laryngoscope. 2000;110(7):1179–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Rains BM. Frontal sinus stenting. Otolaryngol Clin N Am. 2001;34(1):101–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Mansour HA. Double j stent of frontal sinus outflow tract in revision frontal sinus surgery. J Laryngol Otol. 2013;127(1):43–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Rotenberg BW, Ioanidis KE, Sowerby LJ. Development of a novel t-tube frontal sinus irrigation catheter. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2016;30(5):356–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Orlandi RR, Knight J. Prolonged stenting of the frontal sinus. Laryngoscope. 2009;119(1):190–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Bednarski KA, Kuhn FA. Stents and drug-eluting stents. Otolaryngol Clin N Am. 2009;42(5):857–66. x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Hosemann W, Schindler E, Wiegrebe E, Gopferich A. Innovative frontal sinus stent acting as a local drug-releasing system. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2003;260(3):131–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Huvenne WZN, Tijsma E, Hissong B, Huurdeman J, Holtappels G, Claeys S, Van Cauwenberge P, Nelis H, Coenye T, Bachert C. Pilot study using doxycycline-releasing stents to ameliorate postoperative healing quality after sinus surgery. Wound Repair Regen. 2008;16(6):757–67.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Wei CC, Kennedy DW. Mometasone implant for chronic rhinosinusitis. Med Devices (Auckl). 2012;5:75–80.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Murr AH, Smith TL, Hwang PH, Bhattacharyya N, Lanier BJ, Stambaugh JW, Mugglin AS. Safety and efficacy of a novel bioabsorbable, steroid-eluting sinus stent. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2011;1(1):23–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Forwith KD, Chandra RK, Yun PT, Miller SK, Jampel HD. Advance: a multisite trial of bioabsorbable steroid-eluting sinus implants. Laryngoscope. 2011;121(11):2473–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Marple BF, Smith TL, Han JK, Gould AR, Jampel HD, Stambaugh JW, Mugglin AS. Advance II: a prospective, randomized study assessing safety and efficacy of bioabsorbable steroid-releasing sinus implants. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012;146(6):1004–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Han JK, Marple BF, Smith TL, Murr AH, Lanier BJ, Stambaugh JW, Mugglin AS. Effect of steroid-releasing sinus implants on postoperative medical and surgical interventions: an efficacy meta-analysis. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2012;2(4):271–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Janisiewicz A, Lee JT. In-office use of a steroid-eluting implant for maintenance of frontal ostial patency after revision sinus surgery. Allergy Rhinol. 2015;6(1):68–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Smith TL, Singh A, Luong A, Ow RA, Shotts SD, Sautter NB, Han JK, Stambaugh J, Raman A. Randomized controlled trial of a bioabsorbable steroid-releasing implant in the frontal sinus opening. Laryngoscope. 2016;126:2659.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Varshney R, Lee JT. New innovations in office-based rhinology. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016;24(1):3–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Forwith KD, Han JK, Stolovitzky JP, Yen DM, Chandra RK, Karanfilov B, Matheny KE, Stambaugh JW, Gawlicka AK. Resolve: bioabsorbable steroid-eluting sinus implants for in-office treatment of recurrent sinonasal polyposis after sinus surgery: 6-month outcomes from a randomized, controlled, blinded study. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2016;6(6):573–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Barrow EM, DelGaudio JM. In-office drainage of sinus mucoceles: an alternative to operating-room drainage. Laryngoscope. 2015;125(5):1043–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Eloy JA, Shukla PA, Choudhry OJ, Eloy JD, Langer PD. In-office balloon dilation and drainage of frontal sinus mucocele. Allergy Rhinol. 2013;4(1):e36–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. DelGaudio JM, Ochsner MC. Office surgery for paranasal sinus recirculation. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015;5(4):326–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Sham CL, Woo JK, van Hasselt CA, Tong MC. Treatment results of sinonasal inverted papilloma: an 18-year study. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2009;23(2):203–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Gan EC, Habib AR, Hathorn I, Javer AR. The efficacy and safety of an office-based polypectomy with a vacuum-powered microdebrider. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2013;3(11):890–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Electronic Supplementary Material

Video 11.1

(PPTX 50204 kb)

Video 11.2

(PPTX 17779 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Varshney, R., Lee, J.T. (2019). Management of the Stenosing Frontal Recess. In: Lal, D., Hwang, P. (eds) Frontal Sinus Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97022-6_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97022-6_11

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-97021-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-97022-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics