Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Encountering, Experiencing and Shaping Careers pp 107–137Cite as

Career Investment

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 524 Accesses

Abstract

Choosing a prospective career is one of the most significant decisions a person makes apart from a life partnership and purchasing decisions such as property, car and schooling. The preference for a specific career path shapes a person’s self-identity, their character, their livelihood, their networks and potentially their friendships. As outlined in Chap. 1, there are fundamental changes to work, working and workers, some being automated, computerised via robots and/or replaced while others are becoming more complex requiring new skills. From the outset of this book, the reader has been challenged hopefully to rethink the notion of ‘career’ as it means something different today compared to the past. This trend of fundamental changes will continue leading to questions about why, what, when, where, with whom and how work will be done. It requires new thinking and ways to design careers and career portfolios and how to evaluate and rebalance strategically as required.

The future in an era of cloud and platform remains ours to choose.

Kenny and Zysman (2015, p. 19)

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    People may still suffer physical detriments as a result of their work.

References

  • AAGE. (2014). 2014 AAGE employer survey. Sydney, Australia: Australian Association of Graduate Employers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ackerman, J. M., Goldstein, N. J., Shapiro, J. R., & Bargh, J. A. (2009). You wear me out: The vicarious depletion of self-control. Psychological Science, 20, 326–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Albert, D., & Chilton Pearce, J. (1999). And the skylark sings with me: Adventures in homeschooling and community based education. British Columbia: New Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albrecht, K. (2007). Practical intelligence: The art and science of common sense. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ananiadou, K., & Claro, M. (2009). 21st century skills and competences for new millennium learners in OECD countries. OECD Education Working Papers, No. 41, OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/218525261154.

  • Anderson, J. R. (1982). Acquisition of cognitive skill. Psychological Review, 89(4), 369–406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J. R. (2007). How can the human mind occur in the physical universe? New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, L., Krathwohl, R., Airasian, P., Cruikshank, K., Mayer, R., Pintrich, P., Raths, J., & Wittrock, M. (Eds.) (2001). Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy. New York, NY: Longman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Argyris, C. (1982). Reasoning, learning, and action: Individual and organisational. San Francisco, CA: Jossey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arthur, M. B. (2017). The boundaryless career at 20: Where do we stand, and where can we go? Career Development International, 19(6), 627–640.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arygris, C., & Schon, D. (1996). Organisational learning II. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (2006). Toward a psychology of human agency. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(2), 164–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baruch, Y., & Rosenstein, E. (1992). Career Planning and Managing in High Tech Organisations. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 3(3), 477–496.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bechtoldt, M. N. (2015). Wanted: Self-doubting employees—Managers scoring positively on impostorism favour insecure employees in task delegation. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 482–486.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, D. (2012). A creative approach to exploring student identity. IJCPS—International Journal of Creativity and Problem Solving, 22(1), 27–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bourner, T., & Millican, J. (2011). Student-community engagement and graduate employability. Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 13(2), 68–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bransford, J. D., Brown, A. L., & Cocking, R. R. (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridgstock, R. (2009). The graduate attributes we’ve overlooked: Enhancing graduate employability through career management skills. High Education Research Development, 28(1), 31–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Callanan, G. A. (2006). Career strategy. In J. H. Greenhaus & G. A. Callanan (Eds.), Encyclopaedia of career development (pp. 146–148). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Claro, M., Preiss, D. D., San Martín, E., Jara, I., Hinostroza, J. E., Valenzuela, S., et al. (2012). Assessment of 21st century ICT skills in Chile: Test design and results from high school level students. Computers & Education, 59(3), 1042–1053.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooperrider, D. L., Whitney, D., & Stavros, J. M. (2008). Appreciative Inquiry Handbook. Brunswick, OH: Crown Custom Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Vries, T., Walter, F., van der Vegt, G. S., & Essens, P. J. M. D. (2014). Antecedents of individuals interteam coordination: Broad functional experiences as a mixed blessing. Academy of Management Journal, 57, 1334–1359.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deci, E., & Ryan, R. (2000). The what and why of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behaviour. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DeCremer, D. (2011). On the psychology of dealing with ethical failures: A behavioural ethics approach. In M. Schminke (Ed.), Managerial ethics: Managing the psychology of morality. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deleuze, G., & Guattari, F. (1987). A thousand plateaus: Capitalism and schizophrenia. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edvardsson, B., Tronvoll, B., & Gruber, T. (2011). Expanding understanding of service exchange and value co-creation: a social construction approach. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 39(2), 327–339.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ennis, R. H. (1987). A taxonomy of critical thinking dispositions and abilities. In J. B. Baron & R. J. Sternberg, (Eds.), Teaching thinking skills: Theory and practice (pp. 9–26). New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finkel, E. J., Campbell, W. K., Brunell, A. B., Dalton, A. N., Scarbeck, S. J., & Chartrand, T. L. (2006). High maintenance interaction: Inefficient social coordination impairs self-regulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91,(3) 456–475.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fishbach, A., Zhang, Y., & Trope, Y. (2010). Counteractive evaluation: Asymmetric shifts in the implicit value of conflicting motivations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46, 29–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fitzsimons, G. M., & Finkel, E. J. (2010). Interpersonal influences on self-regulation. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19, 101–105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fitzsimons, G. M., & Finkel, E. J. (2011). Outsourcing self-regulation. Psychological Science, 22, 369–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fitzsimons, G. M., & Shah, J. (2008). How goal instrumentality shapes relationship evaluations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 319–337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenhaus, J. H., Callanan, G. A., & Godshalk, V. M. (2010). Career management (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grönroos, C. (2006). Adopting a service logic for marketing. Marketing Theory, 6(3), 317–333.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grubb, W. L., & McDowell, W. C. (2012). The imposter phenomenons impact on citizenship behaviour and employee commitment: Flying under the radar. Journal of Business Issues, 1, 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagger, M. S., Wood, C., Stiff, C., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. (2010). Ego depletion and the strength model of self-control: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 495–525.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hofmann, W., Vohs, K. D., & Baumeister, R. F. (2012). What people desire, feel conflicted about, and try to resist in everyday life. Psychological Science, 23, 582–588.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jöstl, G., Bergsmann, E., Lüftenegger, M., Schober, B., & Spiel, C. (2012). When will they blow my cover? The impostor phenomenon among Austrian doctoral students. Zeitschrift Für Psychologie, 220, 109–120. https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keats, J. (1970). The letters of john keats: a selection. In R. Gittings (Ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenny, M., & Zysman, J. (2015). Choosing a future in the platform economy: The implications and consequences of digital platforms. Kaufman Foundation Discussion paper, June. http://www.brie.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/PlatformEconomy2DistributeJune21.pdf.

  • Kraimer, M. L., Seibert, S. E. & Astrove, S. L. (2015). Consequences of high LMX: career mobility and success. In T. N. Bauer & B. Erdogan (Eds.), The oxford handbook of leader-member exchange(pp. 241–259). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leroi-Gourhan, A. (1993) Gesture and speech (A. Bostock Berger, Trans.). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewin, C., & McNicol, S. (2015) Supporting the development of 21st century skills through ICT. In T. Brinda, N. Reynolds, R. Romeike, & A. Schwill (Eds.), KEYCIT 2014: Key competencies in informatics and ICT (pp. 98–181).

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, R. (2005). Integrative thinking: A model takes shape, The Best of Rotman. Winter 29–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, R. (2007a). How successful leaders think. Harvard Business Review 60–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, R. L. (2007b). The opposable mind: How successful leaders win through integrative thinking. Harvard Business School Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDowell, W. C., Grubb, W. L., & Geho, P. R. (2015). The impact of self-efficacy and perceived organisational support on the imposter phenomenon. American Journal of Management, 15, 23–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, D., & Sardais, C. (2015). Bifurcating time: How entrepreneurs reconcile the paradoxical demands of the job. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39, 489–512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moskowitz, G. B., & Li, P. (2011). Egalitarian goals trigger stereotype inhibition: A proactive form of stereotype control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 220, 172–179.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myrseth, K. O., Fishbach, A., & Trope, Y. (2009). Counteractive self-control: When making temptation available makes temptation less tempting. Psychological Science, 20, 159–163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nadelson, L., McGuire, S., Davis, K., Farid, A., Hardy, K., Hsu, Y., et al. (2015). Am I a STEM professional? Documenting STEM student professional identity development. Studies in Higher Education, 42(4), 701–720.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumeier, M. (2009). The designful company: How to build a culture of nonstop innovation. Berkeley, CA: New Riders.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neureiter, M., & Traut-Mattausch, E. (2016). An inner barrier to career development: Preconditions of the impostor phenomenon and consequences for career development. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Niemiec, C. P., Ryan, R. M. & Deci, E. L. (2009). The path taken: consequences of attaining intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations in post-college life. Journal of Research in Personality, 43(3), 291–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pegg, A., Waldock, J., Hendy-Isaac, S., & Lawton, R. (2012). Pedagogy for employability. New York: HEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plomp, J., Tims, M., Akkermans, J., Khapova, S. N., Jansen, P. G. W., & Bakker, A. B. (2016). Career competencies and job crafting: How proactive employees influence their well-being. Career Development International, 21(6), 587–602.

    Google Scholar 

  • Polanyi, M. (1966). The tacit dimension. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purcell, K., Wilton, N., & Elias, P. (2007). Hard lessons for lifelong learners? Age and experience in the graduate labour market. Higher Education Quarterly, 61(1), 57–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quattrociocchi, W., Scala, A., & Sunstein, C. R. (2016). Echo chambers on facebook. Available at SSRN https://ssrn.com/abstract=2795110.

  • Raemdonck, I., Tillema, H., de Grip, A., Valcke, M., & Segers, M. (2012). Does self-directedness in learning and careers predict the employability of low-qualified employees? Vocation and Learn, 5(2), 137–151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, A., Dahlgren, M., Dahlgren, L., & Petocz, P. (2011). From expert student to novice professional. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Righetti, F., & Finkenauer, C. (2011). I trust you because you are able to control yourself: The role of perceived self-control on interpersonal trust. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 874–886.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romer, D., Duckworth, A. L., Sznitman, S., & Park, S. (2010). Can adolescents learn self-control? Delay of gratification in the development of control over risk taking. Prevention Science, 11, 319–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, R. M., Williams, G. C., Patrick, H., & Deci, E. L. (2009). Self-determination theory and physical activity: The dynamics of motivation in development and wellness. Hellenic Journal of Psychology, 6, 107–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scholer, A. A., & Higgins, E. T. (2010). Targeting control at different levels of self-regulation. In R. Hassin, K. Ochsner, & Y. Trope (Eds.), Self-control in society, mind, and brain (pp. 312–334). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Schunk, D. H., & Zimmerman, B. J. (Eds.). (2008). Motivation and self-regulated learning: Theory, research, and applications. New York: Taylor & Francis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Slocum-Bradley, N. (2010). The positioning diamond: A trans-disciplinary framework for discourse analysis. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 40(1), 79–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sternberg, R. J. (2010). Teaching for ethical reasoning in liberal education. Liberal Education, 96(3), 32–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone, D., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2009). Beyond talk: Creating autonomous motivation through self-determination theory. Journal of General Management, 34, 75–91 [Google Scholar].

    Google Scholar 

  • Taatgen, N. A., Huss, D., Dickison, D., & Anderson, J. R. (2008). The acquisition of robust and flexible cognitive skills. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 137(3), 548–565.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teal, R. (2010). Developing a (non-linear) practice of design thinking. The International Journal of Art & Design Education, 29(3), 294–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terjesen, S., & Sullivan, S. E. (2011). The role of developmental relationships in the transition to entrepreneurship: A qualitative study and agenda for future research. Career Development International, 16, 482–506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tschopp, C., Unger, D., & Grote, G. (2016). Are support and social comparison compatible? Individual differences in the multiplexity of career-related social networks. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 46, 7–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van De Kamp, M. T., Admiraal, W., Van Drie, J., & Rijlaarsdam, G. (2015). Enhancing divergent thinking in visual arts education: Effects of explicit instruction of meta-cognition. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 85(1), 47–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • VanDellen, M. R., & Hoyle, R. H. (2010). Regulatory accessibility and social influences on self-control. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36, 251–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Langenhove, L., & Harré, R. (1999). Introducing positioning theory. In R. Harré & L. Van Langenhove (Eds.), Positioning theory: Moral contexts of international action (pp. 14–31). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vergauwe, J., Wille, B., Feys, M., De Fruyt, F., & Anseel, F. (2015). Fear of being exposed: The trait-relatedness of the impostor phenomenon and its relevance in the work context. Journal of Business and Psychology, 30, 565–581.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vincent-Höper, S., Muser, C. & Janneck, M. (2012). Transformational leadership, work engagement, and occupational success. Career Development International, 17(7), 663–682.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waheduzzaman, W., Van Gramberg, B., & Ferrer, J. (2017). Bureaucratic readiness in managing local level participatory governance: A developing country context. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 76(4), 412–425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • World Economic Forum. (2016). The future of jobs—Employment, skills and workforce strategy for the fourth industrial revolution, global challenge insight report. World Economic Forum. www.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs.pdf.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Newcastle, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Ann M. Brewer

Authors
  1. Ann M. Brewer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ann M. Brewer .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Brewer, A.M. (2018). Career Investment. In: Encountering, Experiencing and Shaping Careers. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96956-5_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation