Abstract
Human body metrics have become a significant source of product innovation to industries where consumer fit, comfort and ergonomic considerations are key factors. This is especially the case for fashion (e.g. footwear or apparel), health (e.g. orthotics or prosthetics), transport and aerospace (e.g. seats or human-machine interfaces), and safety (e.g. protective equipment or workstations) among others. Large-scale databases of 3D body scans are today a research tool for most of the leading companies of those sectors.
In the last few years, new emerging businesses using 3D body data (e.g. garment and footwear customization, size recommendation, health monitoring) are increasing the number and size of 3D body scan repositories. 3D body databases are growing very fast and the development of 3D modelling tools is leveraging the practical application and exploitation of these data.
This paper presents three applications of 3D body modelling methods based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA): (1) shape analysis applied to the ergonomic sizing and design of products, (2) creation of 3D avatars from body measurements, and (3) serial 3D creation of harmonised watertight meshes acquired with any type of 3D body scanner.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Pheasant S (1991) Ergonomics, work and health. Palgrave, Basingstoke
Duffy VG (2016) Handbook of digital human modeling: research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Reed MP et al (2014) Developing and implementing parametric human body shape models in ergonomics software. In: Proceedings of the 3rd international digital human modeling conference, Tokyo
Robinette, KM, Daanen H, Paquet E (1999) The CAESAR project: a 3-D surface anthropometry survey. In: Proceedings of the second international conference on 3-D digital imaging and modeling, IEEE (1999)
Ballester A et al (2015) 3D body databases of the spanish population and its application to the apparel industry. In: Proceedings of 6th international conference on 3D body scanning technologies, Lugano, Switzerland
Trieb R et al (2013) EUROFIT—integration, homogenisation and extension of the scope of large 3D anthropometric data pools for product development. In: 4th International conference and exhibition on 3D body scanning technologies, Long Beach, CA, USA (2013)
Allen B, Curless B, Popović Z (2003) The space of human body shapes: reconstruction and parameterization from range scans. ACM Trans Graphics (TOG) 22(3):587–594
Reed MP, Park BKD (2017) Comparison of boundary manikin generation methods. In: 5th International digital human modeling symposium
Zeng Y, Fu J, Chao H (2017) 3D human body reshaping with anthropometric modeling. In: International conference on internet multimedia computing and service. Springer, Singapore
Reed MP et al (2014) Developing and implementing parametric human body shape models in ergonomics software. In: Proceedings of the 3rd international digital human modeling conference, Tokyo
Wuhrer S, Shu C (2013) Estimating 3D human shapes from measurements. Mach Vis Appl 24(6):1133–1147
Koo B-Y et al (2015) Example-based statistical framework for parametric modeling of human body shapes. Comput Ind 73:23–38
Baek S-Y, Lee K (2012) Parametric human body shape modeling framework for human-centered product design. Comput Aided Des 44(1):56–67
Seo H, Yeo YI, Wohn K (2006) 3D body reconstruction from photos based on range scan. In: International conference on technologies for e-learning and digital entertainment. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Xi P, Lee W-S, Shu C (2007) A data-driven approach to human-body cloning using a segmented body database. In: 15th pacific conference on computer graphics and applications. PG 2007. IEEE
Zhu S, Mok PY, Kwok YL (2013) An efficient human model customization method based on orthogonal-view monocular photos. Comput Aided Des 45(11):1314–1332
Saito S et al (2014) Model-based 3D human shape estimation from silhouettes for virtual fitting. In: Three-dimensional image processing, measurement (3DIPM), and applications 2014, vol 9013. International Society for Optics and Photonics
Mok PY, Zhu S (2018) Precise shape estimation of dressed subjects from two-view image sets. In: Applications of computer vision in fashion and textiles, pp 273–292
Ballester A et al (2016) Data-driven three-dimensional reconstruction of human bodies using a mobile phone app. Int J Digital Hum 1(4):361–388
Weiss, A, Hirshberg D, Black MJ (2011) Home 3D body scans from noisy image and range data. In: 2011 IEEE international conference on computer vision (ICCV). IEEE
Lu Y et al. Accurate nonrigid 3D human body surface reconstruction using commodity depth sensors. Comput Animation Virt Worlds e1807
Park B-K, Reed MP (2014) Rapid generation of custom avatars using depth cameras. In: Proceedings of the 3rd international digital human modeling conference
Tong J et al (2012) Scanning 3D full human bodies using kinects. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graphics 18(4):643–650
Allen B et al (2006) Learning a correlated model of identity and pose-dependent body shape variation for real-time synthesis. In: Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on computer animation. Eurographics Association
Anguelov D et al (2005) SCAPE: shape completion and animation of people. In: ACM transactions on graphics (TOG), vol 24, no 3. ACM (2005)
Hasler N et al (2009) A statistical model of human pose and body shape. In: Computer graphics forum, vol 28, no 2. Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Hirshberg DA et al (2012) Coregistration: simultaneous alignment and modeling of articulated 3D shape. In: European conference on computer vision. Springer, Heidelberg
Istook CL, Hwang S-J (2001) 3D body scanning systems with application to the apparel industry. J Fashion Mark Manag Int J 5(2):120–132
D’Apuzzo N, Gruen A (2009) Recent advances in 3D full body scanning with applications to fashion and apparel. Optical 3-D measurement techniques IX (2009)
Treleaven P, Wells J (2007) 3D body scanning and healthcare applications. Computer 40(7):28–34
Alemany S, González JC, Nácher B, Soriano C, Arnáiz C, Heras H (2010) Anthropometric survey of the Spanish female population aimed at the apparel industry. In: Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on 3D body scanning technologies. Lugano, Switzerland
Amberg B, Romdhani S, Vetter T (2007 June) Optimal step nonrigid ICP algorithms for surface registration. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, 2007. CVPR 2007. IEEE, pp 1–8
Sumner RW, Popović J (2004, August). Deformation transfer for triangle meshes. In: ACM Transactions on graphics (TOG), vol 23, no 3, pp 399–405. ACM
Gower JC (1975) Generalized procrustes analysis. Psychometrika 40(1):33–51
Zehner GF, Meindl RS, Hudson JA (1993) A multivariate anthropometric method for crew station design. Kent State University oH
Robinette KM, McConville JT (1981) An alternative to percentile models (No 810217). SAE technical paper
Robinette KM (1998) Multivariate methods in engineering anthropometry. In: Proceedings of the human factors and ergonomics society annual meeting vol 42, no 10. SAGE Publications, Sage, Los Angeles
Lacko D et al (2017) Product sizing with 3D anthropometry and k-medoids clustering. Comput Aided Des 91:60–74
Lee W et al (2016) Application of massive 3D head and facial scan datasets in ergonomic head-product design. Int J Digital Hum 1(4):344–360
Veitch D, Veitch L, Henneberg M (2007) Sizing for the clothing industry using principal component analysis—an Australian example. J ASTM Int 4(3):1–12
Durá JV, Caprara G, Ballester A, Pierola A, Kozomara Z (2018) Preliminary results of the InKreate Project. Revista de Biomecánica 65
Han H, Nam Y, Choi K (2010) Comparative analysis of 3D body scan measurements and manual measurements of size Korea adult females. Int J Ind Ergon 40(5):530–540
Markiewicz Ł et al (2017) 3D anthropometric algorithms for the estimation of measurements required for specialized garment design. Expert Syst Appl 85:366–385
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the European Commission, the Instituto Valenciano de Competitividad Empresarial (IVACE) and the Agencia Estatal de Investigación del Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competiti-vidad (MINECO) for the financial support of this research though the following projects: In-Kreate (funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under Grant Agreement no. 731885), BodyPass (funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under Grant Agreement no. 779780), 3DBODY_HUB (submitted to IVACE with a funding of Generalitat Valenciana and the European Regional Development Fund and the proposal nº IMDEEA/2018/49) and Torres Quevedo (funded by MINECO under the program Torres Quevedo 2016).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Alemany, S. et al. (2019). 3D Body Modelling and Applications. In: Bagnara, S., Tartaglia, R., Albolino, S., Alexander, T., Fujita, Y. (eds) Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018). IEA 2018. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 826. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96065-4_66
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96065-4_66
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-96064-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-96065-4
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)