Abstract
This chapter addresses the experiences of academics who have chosen to leave the profession early, or are seriously considering doing so. Drawing on thirty-four interviews with academics or former academics from Australia, the UK and beyond, it explores five themes: who is leaving; why they are leaving; the decision-making process; impact on their self; and the impact on others. The paper contributes to the literature on academic identity by analysing times when it is rendered precarious, actively negotiated or reformulated. Among its findings are: the importance of gender, the distresses of casualisation, the persistence of a strong sense of academic vocation, the impact of work intensification on physical and mental wellbeing, and academics’ discovery of healthy and intellectually satisfying professional lives outside the academy.
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- 1.
Michael Power, The Audit Society: Rituals of Verification. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.
- 2.
For an engagement with and summary of some of this literature, see Ruth Barcan, Academic Life and Labour in the New University: Hope and Other Choices (Farnham: Ashgate Publishers, 2013): 4–12.
- 3.
Rebecca Schuman, “‘I Quit Academia,’ An Important, Growing Subgenre of American Essays.” Slate, 24 Oct. 2013. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2013/10/24/quitting_academic_jobs_professor_zachary_ernst_and_other_leaving_tenure.html
- 4.
Methodology is, as Marcel Granet reportedly joked, “the road after one has travelled it” (qtd. in Carlo Ginzburg, “Witches and Shamans,” New Left Review 200 (1993): 75).
- 5.
Liz Bondi, “The Place of Emotions in Research: From Partitioning Emotion and Reason to the Emotional Dynamics of Research Relationships,” in Emotional Geographies, ed. Joyce Davidson, Liz Bondi and Mick Smith (Aldershot, Hampshire: Ashgate, 2005): 231–46.
- 6.
I use this possibly outmoded term, and occasionally the word “tenured” since the alternative –”continuing” – is confusing in this context.
- 7.
Megan Kimber, “The Tenured ‘Core’ and the Tenuous ‘Periphery’: The Casualisation of Academic Work in Australian Universities,” Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 25, no. 1 (2003): 41–50.
- 8.
Thanks to Karen-Anne for her efficient and insightful assistance. Thanks too to Julie-Ann Robson for her much-needed assistance with various technological aspects of the recruitment process. The project was supported by a small grant from the University of Sydney.
- 9.
Angela McRobbie, “The Politics of Feminist Research: Between Talk, Text and Action,” Feminist Review 12 (1982): 46–57.
- 10.
J. Stuart Bunderson, and Jeffery A. Thompson, “The Call of the Wild: Zookeepers, Callings, and the Double-Edged Sword of Deeply Meaningful Work,” Administrative Science Quarterly 54, no. 1 (2009): 32–57; Ruth Barcan, Academic Life and Labour in the New University: Hope and Other Choices (Farnham: Ashgate Publishers, 2013): 78–81, 129–130; and Ruth Barcan, “Paying Dearly for Privilege: Conceptions, Experiences and Temporalities of Vocation in Academic Life,” Pedagogy, Culture & Society (2017): 1–17. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14681366.2017.1358207
- 11.
Ryan D. Duffy, and Bryan J. Dik, “Research on Calling: What Have we Learned and Where are we Going?” Journal of Vocational Behavior 83 (2013): 428–36, accessed November 2, 2016, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.06.006
- 12.
Hannah Forsyth. A History of the Modern University (Sydney: New South Publishing, 2014).
- 13.
Barcan, Academic life and Labour, 133–4.
- 14.
Arthur W. Frank, The Wounded Storyteller: Body, Illness, and Ethics. Chicago: Chicago UP, p. 145.
- 15.
All participants’ names are pseudonyms. I would like to thank everyone – including the very many whom I was unable to interview – for their willingness to participate in this research.
- 16.
Cassidy R. Sugimoto, et al., “Global Gender Disparities in Science,” Nature 504, no. 7479 (2013): 211–13; King et al., “Men Set Their Own Cites High: Gender and Self-Citation across Fields and Over Time.” Paper presented to American Sociological Association annual conference, Chicago, IL, 24 August 2015. Retrieved from www.eigenfactor.org/gender/self-citation/SelfCitation.pdf
- 17.
Ruth Barcan, “Learning to be an Academic: Tacit and Explicit Pedagogies,” in Cultural Pedagogies and Human Conduct, ed. Megan Watkins, Greg Noble and Catherine Driscoll (Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge, 2015), 134.
- 18.
Evan Harris, The Art of Quitting (Sydney: ABC Books, 2005), 26.
- 19.
Bruce Macfarlane, “The Morphing of Academic Practice: Unbundling and the Rise of the Para-Academic,” Higher Education Quarterly 65(1) (2011): 59–73.
- 20.
I mean this term neutrally, without the negative connotations sometimes attached to it, especially in North America. Indeed, if it has any emotional valence at all, it is actually one of defiance, as in “I quit!” For a description of the burgeoning online phenomenon of “quit lit”, see Schuman, I Quit Academia.
Bibliography
Barcan, Ruth. “Paying Dearly for Privilege: Conceptions, Experiences and Temporalities of Vocation in Academic Life.” Pedagogy, Culture & Society (2017): 1–17. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14681366.2017.1358207
———. “Learning to be an Academic: Tacit and Explicit Pedagogies.” In Cultural Pedagogies and Human Conduct, edited by Megan Watkins, Greg Noble and Catherine Driscoll, 129–143. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge, 2015.
———. Academic Life and Labour in the New University: Hope and Other Choices. Farnham: Ashgate Publishers, 2013.
Bondi, Liz. “The Place of Emotions in Research: From Partitioning Emotion and Reason to the Emotional Dynamics of Research Relationships.” In Emotional Geographies, edited by Joyce Davidson, Liz Bondi and Mick Smith, 231–46. Aldershot, Hampshire: Ashgate, 2005.
Bunderson, J. Stuart, and Jeffery A. Thompson. “The Call of the Wild: Zookeepers, Callings, and the Double-Edged Sword of Deeply Meaningful Work.” Administrative Science Quarterly 54, no. 1 (2009): 32–57.
Duffy, Ryan D. and Bryan J. Dik. “Research on Calling: What Have we Learned and Where are we Going?” Journal of Vocational Behavior 83 (2013): 428–36. Accessed November 2, 2016. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.06.006.
Forsyth, Hannah. A History of the Modern University. Sydney: New South Publishing, 2014.
Frank, Arthur W. The Wounded Storyteller: Body, Illness, and Ethics. Chicago: Chicago UP, 1997.
Ginzburg, Carlo. “Witches and Shamans.” New Left Review 200, no. July-Aug (1993): 75–85.
Harris, Evan. The Art of Quitting. Sydney: ABC Books, 2005.
Kimber, Megan. “The Tenured ‘Core’ and the Tenuous ‘Periphery’: The Casualisation of Academic Work in Australian Universities.” Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 25, no. 1 (2003): 41–50.
King, Molly M, Carl T. Bergstrom, Shelley J. Correll, Jennifer Jacquet, and Jevin D. West. “Men Set Their Own Cites High: Gender and Self-Citation across Fields and Over Time.” Paper presented to American Sociological Association annual conference, Chicago, IL, 24 August 2015. Retrieved from www.eigenfactor.org/gender/self-citation/SelfCitation.pdf
Macfarlane, Bruce. “The Morphing of Academic Practice: Unbundling and the Rise of the Para-Academic.” Higher Education Quarterly 65(1) (2011): 59–73.
McRobbie, Angela. “The Politics of Feminist Research: Between Talk, Text and Action.” Feminist Review 12, no. Oct. (1982): 46–57.
Power, Michael. The Audit Society: Rituals of Verification. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Schuman, Rebecca. “‘I Quit Academia,’ An Important, Growing Subgenre of American Essays.” Slate, 24 Oct. 2013. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2013/10/24/quitting_academic_jobs_professor_zachary_ernst_and_other_leaving_tenure.html
Sugimoto, Cassidy R, Vincent Lariviere, CQ Ni, Yves Gingras, and Blaise Cronin. “Global Gender Disparities in Science.” Nature 504, no. 7479 (2013): 211–13.
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Barcan, R. (2019). Weighing Up Futures: Experiences of Giving Up an Academic Career. In: Manathunga, C., Bottrell, D. (eds) Resisting Neoliberalism in Higher Education Volume II. Palgrave Critical University Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95834-7_3
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