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Assessment of Pain: Tools, Challenges, and Special Populations

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Handbook of Pain and Palliative Care

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Abstract

At its core, an individual’s pain experience is ultimately unknowable to the outside world. Nevertheless, we must persist to excavate and understand one’s pain, to address it, and hopefully to alleviate it. Even today, our best tools for pain assessment remain language and the physical exam; this is how we listen to the patient’s story and help to clarify the pain narrative. Through a focus on cancer pain, this chapter provides an overview of pain assessment, including generally accepted definitions and classifications. We consider approaches to individualized patient assessment including psychosocial-spiritual considerations. We include special populations, including pediatrics, noncommunicative patients, and patients with substance use disorder. We also introduce key concepts of opioid risk assessment.

To have great pain is to have certainty; to hear that another person has pain is to have doubt.

Elaine Scarry

When suffering knocks at your door and you say there is no seat for him, he tells you not to worry, because he has brought his own stool.

Chinua Achebe

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Muhammad Khan M.B.B.S

  2. PANDA Pediatric Palliative Care, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Laila Mahmood MD, MPH & Deborah Fisher PhD, RN, PPCNP-BC

  3. Section of Palliative Care, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Stacey Thompson LICSW & Diana Stewart PharmD

  4. Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Hunter Groninger MD

Authors
  1. Muhammad Khan M.B.B.S
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  2. Laila Mahmood MD, MPH
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  3. Deborah Fisher PhD, RN, PPCNP-BC
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  4. Stacey Thompson LICSW
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  5. Diana Stewart PharmD
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  6. Hunter Groninger MD
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Correspondence to Hunter Groninger MD .

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  1. Bethesda, MD, USA

    Rhonda J. Moore

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Khan, M., Mahmood, L., Fisher, D., Thompson, S., Stewart, D., Groninger, H. (2018). Assessment of Pain: Tools, Challenges, and Special Populations. In: Moore, R. (eds) Handbook of Pain and Palliative Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95369-4_6

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