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Hemodynamic Mechanisms

  • Chapter
Hypertension and Heart Failure

Part of the book series: Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection ((UHCP))

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Abstract

It is of importance to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to left ventricular (LV) maladaptation and the timely identification and management of patients at risk for developing symptomatic heart failure (HF). High blood pressure is the major modifiable risk factor for overt HF. In patients with hypertension, the process of myocardial remodeling/dysfunction starts long before the onset of HF symptoms. The long-term increased afterload (high pressure) and, consequently, the chronically increased cardiac performance lead to LV concentric remodeling, decreased longitudinal systolic deformation (strain), diastolic dysfunction, and increased LV oxygen requirements. All these processes eventually result in symptomatic HF. Recent studies revealed a high prevalence of asymptomatic (subclinical) LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction/remodeling in the community. In this chapter we discussed the different aspects of cardiac maladaptive responses to a chronically increased hemodynamic load. We also illustrated a complex interaction between the different components of blood pressure, arterial properties, and echocardiographic indexes reflecting LV function and structure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Tatiana Kuznetsova & Nicholas Cauwenberghs

Authors
  1. Tatiana Kuznetsova
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  2. Nicholas Cauwenberghs
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tatiana Kuznetsova .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest and Cardiology Department, Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

    Maria Dorobantu

  2. University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy

    Giuseppe Mancia  & Guido Grassi  & 

  3. Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Psychopharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

    Victor Voicu

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Kuznetsova, T., Cauwenberghs, N. (2019). Hemodynamic Mechanisms. In: Dorobantu, M., Mancia, G., Grassi, G., Voicu, V. (eds) Hypertension and Heart Failure. Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93320-7_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93320-7_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-93319-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-93320-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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