Skip to main content

Agricultural Catchment Restoration

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

A good understanding of the sources of contaminants and the processes that facilitate and modify their transport to and within freshwaters is the first step in the restoration of good water quality in agricultural catchments. This understanding needs to be combined with knowledge on how different agricultural systems and practices influence contaminant sources and processes, and this knowledge embedded within tools that enable robust decisions to be made to meet desired water quality objectives. Such information and tools will enable us to explore the consequences of mitigation decisions, trade-offs, and ultimately optimise where agriculture and desired water quality best coexist.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   219.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   279.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adrian R, O’Reilly CM, Zagares CMH, Baines SB, Hessen DO, Keller W, Livingstone DM, Sommaruga R, Straile D, Van Donk E, Weyhenmeyer GA, Winder M (2009) Lakes as sentinels of climate change. Limnol Oceanogr 54:2283–2297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anastasiadis S, Kerr S, Arbuckle C, Elliott S, Hadfield J, Keenan B, McDowell R, Webb T, Williams R (2013) Understanding the practice of water quality modelling. Report for the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment. Available at: http://www.pce.parliament.nz/assets/Uploads/The-Practice-of-Water-Quality-Modelling.pdf. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • Bretherton M, Horne DJ, Scotter DR, Hedley MJ (2011) Water uptake by hill country pasture – more than you think. In: Currie LD, Christensen CL (eds) Adding to the knowledge base for the nutrient manager. Occasional Report No 24, Fertilizer and Lime Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North. Available at: http://www.massey.ac.nz/~flrc/workshops/11/Manuscripts/Bretherton_2011.pdf. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • Buda AR, Kleinman PJA, Srinivasan MS, Bryant RB, Feyereisen GW (2009) Effects of hydrology and field management on phosphorus transport in surface runoff. J Environ Qual 38:2273–2284

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burns D, Nguyen L (2002) Nitrate movement and removal along a shallow groundwater flow path in a riparian wetland within a sheep-grazed pastoral catchment: results of a tracer study. N Z J Mar Freshw Res 36:371–385

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Close ME, Dann RL, Ball A, Smith Z (2008) Microbial groundwater quality and its health implications for a border-strip irrigated dairy farm catchment, South Island, New Zealand. J Water Health 6:83–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Close ME, Noonan MJ, Hector R, Bright J (2010) Microbial transport from dairying under two spray irrigation systems in Canterbury, New Zealand. J Environ Qual 39:824–833

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Collier KJ, Cooper AB, Davies-Colley RJ, Rutherford JC, Smith CM, Williamson RB (1995) Managing riparian zones: a contribution to protecting New Zealand’s rivers and streams. Vol 2: Guidelines. Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins R, McLeod M, Hedley M, Donnison A, Close M, Horne D, Ross C, Davies-Colley R, Bagshaw C, Matthews L (2007) Best management practices to mitigate faecal contamination by livestock of New Zealand waters. N Z J Agric Res 50:267–278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper AB (1990) Nitrate depletion in the riparian zone and stream channel of a small headwater catchment. Hydrobiologia 202:13–26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daigneault A, Samarasinghe O, Lilburne L (2013) Modelling economic impacts of nutrient allocation policies in Canterbury: hinds catchment. Available at: http://www.mfe.govt.nz/sites/default/files/modelling-economic-impacts-of-nutrient-allocation-policies-canterbury.pdf. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • Davies-Colley RJ, Lydiard E, Nagels JW (2007) Faecal bacterial dynamics and yields from an intensively dairy-farmed catchment. Proceedings of the 11th International IWA Specialist Group Conference on Diffuse Pollution, Belo Horizonte, pp 1–4

    Google Scholar 

  • DEFRA [Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs] (2014) Rural development programme for England: outline of new programme. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/rural-development-programme-for-england-outline-of-new-programme/rural-development-programme-for-england-outline-of-new-programme#managing-the-environment. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • Elliott S, Semadeni-Davies A, Harper S, Depree C (2014) Catchment models for nutrients and microbial indicators: modelling application to the upper Waikato River catchment. Available at: http://www.mfe.govt.nz/sites/default/files/media/Fresh%20water/niwa-catchment-models-jul14.pdf. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • Haynes RJ, Williams PH (1993) Nutrient cycling and soil fertility in the grazed pasture ecosystem. Adv Agron 49:119–199

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hickey CW, Quinn JM, Davies-Colley RJ (1989) Effluent characteristics of dairy shed oxidation ponds and their potential effects on receiving rivers. N Z J Mar Freshw Res 23:569–584

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hicks M, Quinn J, Trustrum N (2004) Stream sediment load and organic matter. In: Harding J, Mosley P, Pearson C, Sorrell B (eds) Freshwaters of New Zealand. Caxton Press, Christchurch, pp 12.1–12.16

    Google Scholar 

  • Hicks DM, Shankar U, McKerchar AI, Page M (2011) Suspended sediment yields from New Zealand rivers. J Hydrol N Z 50:81–142

    Google Scholar 

  • Houlbrooke DJ, Horne DJ, Hedley MJ, Hanley JA (2008) Land application of farm dairy effluent to a mole and pipe drained soil: implications for nutrient enrichment of winter-spring drainage. Aust J Soil Res 46:45–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howden NJK, Burt TP, Worrall F, Whelan MJ, Bieroza M (2010) Nitrate concentrations and fluxes in the River Thames over 140 years (1868–2008): are increases irreversible? Hydrol Process 24:2657–2662

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jarvie H, Sharpley A, Spears B, Buda AR, May L, Kleinman PJA (2013) Water quality remediation faces unprecedented challenges from ‘legacy phosphorus’. Environ Sci Technol 47:8997–8998

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jeppesen E, Sondergaard M, Jensen JP, Havens AE, Anneville O, Carvalho L, Coveney MF, Deneke R, Dokulili M, Foy B, Gerdeaux D, Hampton SE, Hilt S, Kangus K, Köhler A, Lammens EHHR, Lauridsen TL, Manca M, Miracle MR, Moss B, Nõges P, Persson G, Phillips G, Portielje R, Romo S, Schelske CL, Straile D, Tatrai I, Willén E, Winder M (2005) Lake responses to reduced nutrient loading – an analysis of contemporary long-term data from 35 case studies. Freshw Biol 50:1747–1771

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jeppesen E, Søndergaard M, Lauridsen TL, Jensen JP (2007) Shallow lake restoration by nutrient loading reduction—some recent findings and challenges ahead. Hydrobiologia 584:239–252

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jeppesen E, Brucet S, Naselli-Flores L, Papastergiadou E, Stefanidis K, Nõges T, Nõges P, Luiz AJ, Zohary T, Coppens J, Bucak T, Menezes RF, Freitas FRS, Kernan M, Søndergaard M, Beklioğlu M (2015) Ecological impacts of global warming and water abstraction on lakes and reservoirs due to changes in water level and related changes in salinity. Hydrobiologia 750:201–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaye-Blake B, Schilling C, Monaghan R, Vibant R, Dennis S, Post E (2013) Potential impacts of water-related policies in Southland on the agricultural economy and nutrient discharges. Available at: http://www.mfe.govt.nz/sites/default/files/potential-impacts-water-related-policies-southland.pdf. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • Matthaei CD, Weller F, Kelly DW, Townsend CR (2006) Impacts of fine sediment addition to tussock, pasture, dairy and deer farming streams in New Zealand. Freshw Biol 51:2154–2172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDowell RW (2006) Contaminant losses in overland flow from cattle, deer and sheep dung. Water Air Soil Pollut 174:211–222

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDowell RW (2014) Estimating the mitigation of anthropogenic loss of phosphorus in New Zealand grassland catchments. Sci Total Environ 458–469:1178–1186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDowell RW, Nash D (2012) A review of the cost-effectiveness and suitability of mitigation strategies to prevent phosphorus loss from dairy farms in New Zealand and Australia. J Environ Qual 41:680–693

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDowell RW, Srinivasan MS (2009) Identifying critical source areas for water quality: 2. Validating the approach for phosphorus and sediment losses in grazed headwater catchments. J Hydrol 379:68–80

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDowell RW, Monaghan RM, Carey PL (2003a) Phosphorus losses in overland flow from pastoral soils receiving long-term applications of either superphosphate or reactive phosphate rock. N Z J Agric Res 46:329–337

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDowell RW, Drewry JJ, Muirhead RW, Paton RJ (2003b) Cattle treading and phosphorus and sediment loss in overland flow from grazed cropland. Aust J Soil Res 41:1521–1532

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDowell RW, Nash DM, Robertson F (2007) Sources of phosphorus lost from a grazed pasture soil receiving simulated rainfall. J Environ Qual 36:1281–1288

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDowell RW, Houlbrooke DJ, Muirhead RW, Muller K, Shepherd M, Cuttle SP (2008) Grazed pastures and surface water quality. Nova Science, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • McDowell R, Wilcock B, Hamilton DP (2013) Assessment of strategies to mitigate the impact or loss of contaminants from agricultural land to fresh waters. Available at: http://www.mfe.govt.nz/sites/default/files/assessment-strategies-mitigate-impact-loss-contaminants-agricultural-land-freshwater_0.pdf. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • McDowell RW, Lucci GM, Peyroux G, Yoswara Y, Cox N, Brown M, Wheeler D, Watkins N, Smith C, Monaghan R, Muirhead R, Catto W, Risk J (2014a) MitAgator™: a farm scale tool to estimate and mitigate the loss of contaminants from land to water. Proceedings of the 21st Century Watershed Technology Conference, Hamilton. Available at: http://elibrary.asabe.org/azdez.asp?JID=1&AID=45195&CID=wtc2014&T=2. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • McDowell RW, Moreau P, Salmon-Monviola J, Durand P, Letermec P, Merot P (2014b) Contrasting the spatial management of nitrogen and phosphorus for improved water quality: modelling studies in New Zealand and France. Eur J Agron 57:52–61

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDowell RW, Cox N, Daughney CJ, Wheeler D, Moreau M (2015) A national assessment of the potential linkage between soil, and surface and groundwater concentrations of phosphorus. J Am Water Resour Assoc 51:992–1000

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKergow LA, Matheson FE, Quinn JM (2016) Riparian management: a restoration tool for New Zealand streams. Ecol Manag Restor 17:218–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monaghan RM, Smith LC (2004) Minimising surface water pollution resulting from farm dairy effluent application to mole-pipe drained soils: II. The contribution of preferential flow of effluent to whole-farm pollutant losses in subsurface drainage from a West Otago dairy farm. N Z J Agric Res 47:417–428

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monaghan RM, Hedley MJ, Di HJ, McDowell RW, Cameron KC, Ledgard SF (2007a) Nutrient management in New Zealand pastures – recent developments and future issues. N Z J Agric Res 50:181–201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monaghan RM, Wilcock RJ, Smith LC, Tikkisetty B, Thorrolde BS, Costall D (2007b) Linkages between land management activities and water quality in an intensively farmed catchment in southern New Zealand. Agric Ecosyst Environ 118:211–222

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monaghan RM, Carey PL, Wilcock RJ, Drewry JJ, Houlbrook DJ, Quinn JM, Thorrold BS (2009) Linkages between land management activities and stream water quality in a border dyke-irrigated pastoral catchment. Agric Ecosyst Environ 129:201–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monaghan RM, Smith LC, Muirhead RW (2016) Pathways of contaminant transfers to water from an artificially-drained soil under intensive grazing by dairy cows. Agric Ecosyst Environ 220:76–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muirhead RW, Elliott AH, Monaghan RM (2011) A model framework to assess the effect of dairy farms and wild fowl on microbial water quality during base-flow conditions. Water Res 45:2863–2874

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parkyn S (2004) Review of riparian buffer zone effectiveness. MAF Policy Technical Paper No. 2004/05, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Wellington. Available at: http://www.biol.canterbury.ac.nz/ferg/MacKenzie%20project/PDF/Riparian%20management/upper-waitaki-submitter-evidence-maf-technical-paper-review-riparian-buffer-zone-effectiveness.pdf. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • Quinn JM, Stroud MJ (2002) Water quality and sediment and nutrient export from New Zealand hill-land catchments of contrasting land use. N Z J Mar Freshw Res 36:409–429

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rolighed J, Jeppesen E, Søndergaard M, Bjerring R, Janse JH, Mooij WM, Trolle D (2016) Climate change will make recovery from eutrophication more difficult in shallow Danish Lake Søbygaard. Water 8:459

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schindler DW (2009) Lakes as sentinels and integrators for the effects of climate change on watersheds, airsheds, and landscapes. Limnol Oceanogr 54:2349–2353

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schipper LA, Robertson WD, Gold AJ, Jaynes DB, Cameron SC (2010) Denitrifying bioreactors-an approach for reducing nitrate loads to receiving waters. Ecol Eng 36:1532–1543

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharpley A, Jarvie H, Buda A, May L, Spears B, Kleinman P (2013) Phosphorus legacy: overcoming the effects of past management practices to mitigate future water quality impairment. J Environ Qual 42:1308–1326

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snelder T, Biggs B, Kilroy C, Booker D (2013) National objective framework for periphyton. Available at: http://www.mfe.govt.nz/sites/default/files/national-objective-framework-periphyton.pdf. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • Snelder T, McDowell RW, Fraser C (2014) Estimation of nutrient loads from monthly water quality monitoring data. 2014 Water Symposium – Integration “The Final Frontier”, Joint conference for the New Zealand Hydrological Society, New Zealand Freshwater Sciences Society, and IPENZ Rivers Group, Nov 24–28 Blenheim. Available at: http://www.2014watersymposium.co.nz/asset/library/snelder.pdf. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • Sukias JPS, Tanner CC, Davies-Colley RJ, Nagels JW, Wolters R (2001) Algal abundance, organic matter and physico-chemical characteristics of dairy farm facultative ponds: implications for treatment performance. N Z J Agric Res 44:279–296

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sweeney BW, Newbold JD (2014) Streamside forest buffer width needed to protect stream water quality, habitat, and organisms: a literature review. J Am Water Resour Assoc 50:560–584

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tanner CC, Sukias JPS (2011) Multi-year nutrient removal performance of three constructed wetlands intercepting drainage flows from intensively grazed pastures. J Environ Qual 40:620–633

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walling DE, Russell MA, Hodgkinson RA, Zhang Y (2002) Establishing sediment budgets for two small lowland agricultural catchments in the UK. Catena 47:323–353

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • West G, Jovner A (2012) MyLand – land use decision tool. Available at: http://www.envirolink.govt.nz/PageFiles/841/1088-HBRC157%20MyLand%20-%20Land%20use%20decision%20tool.pdf. Accessed 3 Oct 2016

  • Wilcock RJ, Monaghan RM, Quinn JM, Campbell AM, Thorrold BS, Duncan MJ, McGowan AW, Betteridge K (2006) Land use impacts and water quality targets in the intensive dairying catchment of the Toenepi Stream, New Zealand. N Z J Mar Freshw Res 40:123–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilcock RJ, Monaghan RM, Thorrold BS, Meredith AS, Betteridge K, Duncan MJ (2007) Land-water interactions in five contrasting dairy catchments: issues and solutions. Land Use and Water Resources Research 7:2.1–2.10, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Centre for Land Use and Water Resources Research, United Kingdom

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilcock RJ, Betteridge K, Shearman D, Fowles CR, Scarsbrook MR, Thorrold BS, Costall D (2009) Riparian management for restoration of a lowland stream in an intensive dairy farming catchment: a case study. N Z J Mar Freshw Res 43:803–818

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilcock RJ, Monaghan RM, McDowell RW, Verburg P, Horrox J, Chagué-Goff C, Duncan MJ, Rutherford A, Zemansky G, Scarsbrook MR, Wright-Stow AE, Howard-Williams C, Cotton S (2013a) Managing pollutant inputs from pastoral dairy farming to maintain water quality of a lake in a high-rainfall catchment. Mar Freshw Res 64:447–459

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilcock RJ, Monaghan RM, Quinn JM, Srinivasan MS, Houlbrooke DJ, Duncan MJ, Wright-Stow AE, Scarsbrook MR (2013b) Trends in water quality of five dairy farming streams in responses to adoption of best practice and benefits of long-term monitoring at the catchment scale. N Z J Mar Freshw Res 64:401–412

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williamson CE, Brentrup JA, Zhang J, Renwick WH, Hargreaves BR, Knoll LB, Overholt EP, Rose KC (2014) Lakes as sensors in the landscape: optical metrics as scalable sentinel responses to climate change. Limnol Oceanogr 59:840–850

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wischmeier WH, Smith SD (1978) Predicting rainfall-erosion losses: a guide to conservation planning. Agricultural Handbook No. 537, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodward SJR, Stenger R, Bidwell VJ (2013) Dynamic analysis of stream flow and water chemistry to infer subsurface water and nitrate fluxes in a lowland dairying catchment. J Hydrol 505:299–311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Q, Li L, Wang Y-G, Werner AD, Xin P, Jiang T, Barry DA (2012) Has the three-gorges dam made the Poyang Lake wetlands wetter and drier? Geophys Res Lett 39:L20402

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. W. McDowell .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

McDowell, R.W., Monaghan, R.M., Close, M.E., Tanner, C.C. (2018). Agricultural Catchment Restoration. In: Hamilton, D., Collier, K., Quinn, J., Howard-Williams, C. (eds) Lake Restoration Handbook. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93043-5_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics