Abstract
Adaptation and mitigation have recently become a major concern for the governments of the Pacific Island Countries in regards to the global environmental change and human security issues. Adaptation and mitigation need to be analyzed and addressed on different scales through multilevel governance perspective, and the responses must be multilevel and multi-actor – combining simultaneously local and global scales and involving public and private actors. The linkages between national, regional, and local policies should strengthen the multilevel, regional, and urban governance to more effectively address the challenges related to adaptation and mitigation in Pacific Island Countries. This chapter elaborates on how an appropriate governance system can help in effective designing, implementing, and in particular managing adaptation and mitigation policies at different levels of governments, non-state, and non-governmental actors. This chapter further incites important discussion on the availability of a wider range of options than those embodied in the international environmental regime to effectively design and implement adaptation and mitigation policies along with networks that draw together government actors.
On a global scale, there is a growing recognition of the significant role that developing countries play in determining the success of global climate change policies, including mitigation and adaptation policy options.
IPCC Fourth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2007
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For more information, see http://fam-courtages.com/pacific-opportunities-incubator/
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Example, Carteret Island in PNG, refer to http://www.davisprojectsforpeace.org/media/view/1023/original/
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The PACC Project is the first Global Environment Facility (GEF) project in the Pacific drawing on the Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF) focusing specifically on adaptation implementation in 13 countries simultaneously.
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For more detail refer: www.ausaid.gov.au/keyaid/adaptation.cfm
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GCMs, as well as Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, numerically simulate the ‘state’ of the atmosphere, using a finite expression of the equations of motion.
- 6.
The South Pacific Regional Environment Program (SPREP) is a regional organization established by the governments and administrations of Pacific region nations with the aim to promote cooperation in the Pacific islands region and provide assistance to protect and improve the environment and ensure sustainable development for present and future generations.
- 7.
The Pacific Islands Climate Change Program (PICCAP) is a program to help Pacific Island countries to implement the UNFCCC. It began as part of the CC-Train Program of the United Nations, but was adapted by the SPREP to be more appropriate to the Pacific countries that would carry it out.
- 8.
UNISDR is part of the United Nations Secretariat and its functions span the development and humanitarian fields. Its core areas of work include: the application of disaster risk reduction (DRR) to climate change adaptation; the increase of investments for DRR; the establishment of disaster-resilient cities, schools and hospitals; and the strengthening of the international system for DRR.
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Chand, A.A. (2019). Adaptation and Mitigation: Relevant Governance and Risk Management Options for Pacific Island Countries. In: Behnassi, M., Gupta, H., Pollmann, O. (eds) Human and Environmental Security in the Era of Global Risks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92828-9_6
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