Abstract
Nowadays, one of the most important research directions in development and creation of functional polymeric materials is a search of new solid electroactive polymers with high ionic conductivity at elevated temperatures. Particularly, the widening range of materials, which can be used for this purpose, is relevant. The present work is concerned with hybrid amorphous polymers synthesized basing on epoxy oligomer of diglycide aliphatic ester of polyethylene glycol (DEG-1) that was cured by polyethylene polyamine and lithium perchlorate salt. Structural peculiarities of the synthesized polymer composites were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle X-ray spectra, infrared spectroscopic, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and transmission and reflective optical microscopy. The presence of ether oxygen in DEG-1 macromolecules provides a transfer mechanism of the lithium cations with the ether oxygen similar to polyethylene oxide. Thus, the obtained hybrid polymers have high values of ionic conductivity σ′ (approximately 10−3 S/cm) and permittivity ε′ (6 × 105) at elevated temperatures (200°С). On the one hand, the results showed that the introduction of LiClO4 salt into epoxy polymer leads to formation of the coordinative metal-polymer complexes of donor-acceptor type between central Li+ ion and ligand. On the other hand, the appearance of amorphous microinclusions, probably of inorganic nature was also found.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Sudhakar YN, Selvakumar M, Krishna BD (2013) LiClO4-doped plasticized chitosan and poly(ethylene glycol) blend as biodegradable polymer electrolyte for supercapacitors. Ionics 19:277–285
Zygadło-Monikowska E, Florjańczyk Z, Ostrowska J, Bołtromiuk P, Frydrych J, Sadurski W, Langwald N (2011) Synthesis and characterization of new trifluoroalkoxyborates lithium salts of ionic liquid properties. Electrochim Acta 57:66–73
Bergman M, Bergfelt A, Sun B, Bowden T, Brandell D, Johansson P (2015) Graft copolymer electrolytes for high temperature Li-battery applications, using poly(methyl methacrylate) grafted poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate and lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonimide). Electrochim Acta 175:96–103
Bo C, Qiang X, Zhen H, Yanran Z, Shaojie C, Xiaoxiong X (2016) One-pot preparation of new copolymer electrolytes with tunable network structure for all-solid-state lithium battery. J Power Sources 331:322–331
Wei L, Nian L, Jie S, Po-Chun H, Yuzhang L, Hyun-Wook L, Yi C (2015) Ionic conductivity enhancement of polymer electrolytes with ceramic nanowire fillers. Nano Lett 15:2740–2745
Mohamed TA, Padmanathan N, Selladurai S (2014) Effect of nanofiller CeO2 on structural, conductivity, and dielectric behaviors of plasticized blend nanocomposite polymer electrolyte. Ionics 21:825–840
Guilherme LA, Borges RS, Moraes EMS, Silva GG, Pimentac MA, Marletta A, Silva RA (2007) Ionic conductivity in polyethylene-b-poly(ethylene oxide)/lithium perchlorate solid polymer electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 53:1503–1511
Chai MN, Isa MIN (2012) Investigation on the conduction mechanism of carboxyl methylcellulose-oleic acid natural solid polymer electrolyte. Int J Adv Technol Eng Res 2:36–39
Ibrahim S, Johan MR (2012) Thermolysis and conductivity studies of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) based polymer electrolytes doped with carbon nanotube. Int J Electrochem Sci 7: 2596–2615
Ahmad. Z, Isa MIN (2012) Ionics conduction via correlated barrier hoping mechanism in cmc.sa solid biopolymer electrolytes. Int J Latest Res Sci Technol 1:70–75
Sharma P, Kanchan DK (2013) A comparison of effect of PEG and EC plasticizers on relaxation dynamics of PEO–PMMA–AgNO3 polymer blends. Ionics 19:1285–1290
Karan NK, Pradhan DK, Thomas R, Natesan B, Katiyar RS (2008) Solid polymer electrolytes based on polyethylene oxide and lithium trifluoro- methane sulfonate (PEO–LiCF3SO3): ionic conductivity and dielectric relaxation. Solid State Ionics 179:689–696
Kesavan K, Mathew CM, Rajendran S, Subbu C, Ulaganathan M (2015) Solid polymer blend electrolyte based on poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) for lithium secondary batteries. Brazilian J Physics 45:19–27
Das S, Ghosh A (2015) Ionic conductivity and dielectric permittivity of PEO-LiClO4 solid polymer electrolyte plasticized with propylene carbonate. AIP Adv 5. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4913320
Pradhan DK, Tripathy SN (2013) Effect of plasticizer concentration on microstructural and dielectric properties of polymer composite electrolyte. Adv Chem Sci 2:114–121
Dey A, Karan S, De SK (2009) Effect of nanofillers on thermal and transport properties of potassium iodide polyethylene oxide solid polymer electrolyte. Solid State Commun 149:1282–1287
Yao Z, Jingqing L, Hong H, Shichun J (2012) Effects of lithium perchlorate on poly(ethylene oxide) spherulite morphology and spherulite growth kinetics. J Appl Polym Sci 123: 1935–1943
Machado GO, Prud’homme RE, Pawlicka A (2007) Сonductivity and thermal analysis studies of solid polymeric electrolytes based on plasticized hydroxyethyl cellulose. e-Polymers 7(1):1335–1343
Kyung JL, Yong WK, Joo HK, Jong HK (2007) Supramolecular polymer/metal salt complexes containing quadruple hydrogen bonding units. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 45:3181–3188
Anji RP, Hee-Woo R (2016) The effects of LiTDI salt and POSS-PEG (n = 4) hybrid nanoparticles on crystallinity and ionic conductivity of PEO based solid polymer electrolytes. Sci Adv Mater 8(10):931–940
Marcinek M, Syzdek J, Marczewski M, Piszcz M, NiedzickiL KM, Plewa-Marczewska A, Bitner A, Wieczorek P, Trzeciak T, Kasprzyk M, Łężak P, Zukowska Z, Zalewska A, Wieczorek W (2015) Electrolytes for Li-ion transport – review. Solid State Ionics 276:107–126
Mindemark J, Sun B, Törmä E, Brandell D (2015) High-performance solid polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries operational at ambient temperature. J Power Sources 298:166–170
Gray FM (1997) Polymer electrolytes. Published Royl Society of Chemistry, London
Feng Q, Yang J, Yu Y, Tian F, Zhang B, Feng M, Wang S (2017) The ionic conductivity, mechanical performance and morphology of twophase structural electrolytes based on polyethylene glycol, epoxy resin and nano-silica. Mater Sci Eng B 219:37–44
Kim JG, Son B, Mukherjee S, Schuppert N, Bates A, Kwon O, Choi MJ, Chung HY, Park S (2015) A review of lithium and non-lithium based solid state batteries. J Power Sources 282:299–322
Amereller M, Schedlbauer T, Moosbauer D, Schreiner C, Stock C, Wudy F, Zugmann S, Hammer H, Maurer A, Gschwind RM, Wiemhöfer H-D, Winter M, Gores HJ (2014) Electrolytes for lithium and lithium ion batteries: from synthesis of novel lithium borates and ionic liquids to development of novel measurement methods. Prog Solid State Chem 42:39–56
Yu Y, Zhang B, Wang Y, Qi G, Tian F, Yang J, Wang S (2016) Co-continuous structural electrolytes based on ionic liquid, epoxy resin and organoclay: effects of organoclay content. Mater Des 104:126–133
Wu F, Chen N, Chen R, Wang L, Li L (2017) Organically modified silica-supported ionogels electrolyte for high temperature lithium-ion batteries. Nano Energy 31:9–18
Jinisha B, Anilkumar KM, Manoj M, Pradeep VS, Jayalekshmi S (2017) Development of a novel type of solid polymer electrolyte for solid state lithium battery applications based on lithium enriched poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)/poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) blend polymer. Electrochim Acta 235:210–222
Lv P, Yang J, Liu G, Liu H, Li S, Tang C, Mei J, Li Y, Hui D (2017) Flexible solid electrolyte based on UV cured polyurethane acrylate/succinonitrile-lithium salt composite compatibilized by tetrahydrofuran. Compos Part B 120:35–41
Thayumanasundaram S, Rangasamy VS, Seo JW, Locquet J-P (2017) Electrochemical performance of polymer electrolytes based on poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid) blend and Pyrrolidinium ionic liquid for lithium rechargeable batteries. Electrochim Acta 240:371–378
Polu AR, Rhee H-W (2017) Ionic liquid doped PEO-based solid polymer electrolytes for lithium-ion polymer batteries. Int J Hydrog Energy 42(10):7212–7219
Rocco AM, Fonseca CP, Loureiro FAM, Pereira RP (2004) A polymeric solid electrolyte based on a poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(bisphenol A-co-epichlorohydrin) blend with LiClO4. Solid State Ionics 166:115–126
Łasińska AK, Marzantowicz M, Dygas JR, Krok F, Florjańczyk Z, Tomaszewska A, Zygadło-Monikowska E, Żukowska Z, Lafont U (2015) Study of ageing effects in polymer-in-salt electrolytes based on poly(acrylonitrile-co-butyl acrylate) and lithium salts. Electrochim Acta 169:61–72
Kiselev YM (2008) Coordination chemistry. Integral, Moscow
Johnston K, Pavuluri SK, Leonard MT, Desmulliez MPY, Arrighi V (2015) Microwave and thermal curing of an epoxy resin for microelectronic applications. ThermochimActa 616: 100–109
Boumedienne N, Faska Y, Maaroufi A, Pinto G, Vicente L, Benavente R (2017) Thermo-structural analysis and electrical conductivity behavior of epoxy/metals composites. J Phys Chem Solids 104:185–191
Fache M, Montérémal C, Boutevin B, Caillol S (2015) Amine hardeners and epoxy cross-linker from aromatic renewable resources. Eur Polym J 73:344–362
Wieczorek W, Raducha D, Zalewska A, Stevens JR (1998) Effect of salt concentration on the conductivity of PEO-based composite polymeric electrolytes. J Phys Chem B 102:8725–8731
Johan MR, Ting LM (2011) Structural, thermal and electrical properties of nano manganese-composite polymer electrolytes. Int J Electrochem Sci 6:4737–4748
Daigle J-C, Asakawa Y, Vijh A, Hovington P, Armand M, Zaghib K (2016) Exceptionally stable polymer electrolyte for a lithium battery based on cross-linking by a residue-free process. J Power Sources 332:213–221
Matkovska LK, Iurzhenko MV, Mamunya YP, Matkovska OK, Boiteux G, Lebedev EV (2017) The ion-conducting composites based on the aliphatic and aromatic epoxy oligomers and the lithium perchlorate salt. Polym J 39(3):147–153
Matkovska L, Iurzhenko M, Mamunya Y et al (2017) Structural peculiarities of ion-conductive organic-inorganic polymer composites based on aliphatic epoxy resin and salt of lithium perchlorate. Nanoscale Res Lett 12:423 doi.org/10.1186/s11671-017-2195-5
Matkovska L, Iurzhenko M, Mamunya Y, Matkovska O, Demchenko V, Lebedev E, Boiteux G, Serghei A (2014) Electrophysical behavior of ion-conductive organic-inorganic polymer system based on aliphatic epoxy resin and salt of lithium perchlorate. Nanoscale Res Lett 9:674. https://doi.org/10.1186/1556-276X-9-674
Kremer F, Schonhals A (2003) Broadband dielectric spectroscopy. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg
Psarras GC, Manolakaki E, Tsangaris GM (2003) Dielectric dispersion and ac conductivity in iron particles loaded polymer composites. Compos Part A 34:1187–1198
Pershina KD, Kazdobin KO (2012) The impedance spectroscopy of the electrolytic materials. Ukrainian Education, Kyiv
Li L, Wang F, Li J, Yang X, You J (2017) Electrochemical performance of gel polymer electrolyte with ionic liquid and PUA/PMMA prepared by ultraviolet curing technology for lithium-ion battery. Int J Hydrog Energy 42(17):12087–12093
Poornima Vijayan P, Puglia D, Al-Maadeed MASA, Kenny JM, Thomas S (2017) Elastomer/thermoplastic modified epoxy nanocomposites: the hybrid effect of ‘micro’ and ‘nano’ scale. Mater Sci Eng 116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2017.03.001
Shtompel VI, Kercha YY (2008) Structure of linear polyurethanes. Scientific Mind, Kiev
Sim LH, Gan SN, Chan CH, Yahya R (2010) ATR-FTIR studies on ion interaction of lithium perchlorate in polyacrylate/poly (ethylene oxide) blends. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 76:287–292
Abarna S, Hirankumar G (2014) Study on new lithium ion conducting electrolyte based on polethylene glycol-p-tertoctyl phenyl ether and lithium perchlorate. Int J ChemTech Res 6:5161–5167
Bellamy L (1963) Infrared spectra of complex molecules. Foreign Lit. Pub. House, Moscow
Selvasekarapandian S, Baskaran R, Kamishima O, Kawamura J, Hattori T (2006) Laser Raman and FTIR studies on Li+ interaction in PVAc–LiClO4 polymer electrolytes. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 65:1234–1240
Mamunya Y, Iurzhenko M, Lebedev E, Levchenko V, Chervakov O, Matkovska O, Sverdlikovska O (2013) Electroactive polymer materials. Alpha-Reklama, Kyiv
Chiu CY, Chen HW, Kuo SW, Huang CF, Chang FC (2004) Investigating the effect of miscibility on the ionic conductivity of LiClO4/PEO/PCL ternary blends. Macromolecules 37:8424–8430
Fullerton-Shirey SK, Maranas JK (2009) Effect of LiClO4 on the structure and mobility of PEO-based solid polymer electrolytes. Macromolecules 42:2142–2156
Kuo PL, Liang WJ, Chen TY (2003) Solid polymer electrolytes V: microstructure and ionic conductivity of epoxide-crosslinked polyether networks doped with LiClO4. Polymer 44:2957–2964
Olsher U, Izatt RM, Bradshaw JS, Dalley NK (1991) Coordination chemistry of lithium ion: a crystal and molecular structure review. Chem Rev 91:137–164
Matkovska L, Tkachenko I, Demchenko V, Iurzhenko M, Mamunya Y (2017) Influence of lithium perchlorate on structure of epoxy polymeric composites. Nanosistemi Nanomateriali Nanotehnologii 15:175–184 Ukraine
Nakamoto K (1986) Infrared and Raman spectra of inorganic and coordination compounds. Wiley, Ltd, New York
Chini M, Crotti P, Macchia F (1990) Metal salts as new catalysts for mild and efficient aminolysis of oxiranes. Tetrahedron Lett 31:4661–4664
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this paper
Cite this paper
Matkovska, L.K., Iurzhenko, M.V., Mamunya, Y.P., Demchenko, V., Boiteux, G. (2018). Structure and Electrical/Dielectric Properties of Ion-Conductive Polymer Composites Based on Aliphatic Epoxy Resin and Lithium Perchlorate Salt. In: Fesenko, O., Yatsenko, L. (eds) Nanochemistry, Biotechnology, Nanomaterials, and Their Applications. NANO 2017. Springer Proceedings in Physics, vol 214. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92567-7_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92567-7_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-92566-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-92567-7
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)