Abstract
Vascular malformations of the head and neck may affect all tissue layers including skin, subcutaneous fat, muscle, mucosa, and bone. These lesions are associated with:
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Soft tissue overgrowth and enlargement.
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Primary skeletal involvement with malformation.
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Vascular lesions may also mold or misshape skeletal structures by virtue of their mass. This is referred to as a secondary mass effect which leads to either thinning or hypertrophy of the adjacent bone.
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Teresa, M.O. (2018). Facial, facial skeleton and dental considerations in vascular malformations. In: Perkins, J., Balakrishnan, K. (eds) Evidence-Based Management of Head and Neck Vascular Anomalies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92306-2_26
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92306-2_26
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