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Gastrointestinal Physiology pp 317–351Cite as

Gastrointestinal Growth and Development: From Embryo to Adult. The Aging Gut

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Abstract

The gastrointestinal (GI) system is one of the first systems to develop during the process of ontogenesis. Any disorder of GI tract during this period can result to serious consequences on the organism. Therefore, it is important to address the processes of normal development of the GI tract. This chapter provides data on the origin as well as structure and functions of the developing GI tract at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and system levels at different stages of ontogenesis. The chapter also provides the fundamental concepts and principles governing the developing GI tract beginning from the formation of the primitive gut to maturity and also discusses the processes of aging of the gut up to old age.

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Abbreviations

EGF:

Epidermal growth factor

Epo:

Erythropoietin

FGF:

Fibroblast growth factor

GDNF:

Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor

GFRα1:

GDNF family receptor-α1

GH:

Growth hormone

GI:

Gastrointestinal

GLP-2:

Glucagon-like peptide-2

Hand2:

Heart And Neural Crest Derivatives-expressed Protein 2

HGF:

Hepatocyte growth factor

ICC:

Interstitial cells of Cajal

IGF-1:

Insulin-like growth factor 1

KGF:

Keratinocyte growth factor

NCCs:

Neural crest cells

NEC:

Necrotizing enterocolitis

Phox2b:

Paired-like homeobox 2b

RET:

Rearrangement during transformation

Sox10:

SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box 10

TGFβ:

Transforming Growth Factor beta

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  1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nile University of Nigeria, FCT-Abuja, Nigeria

    Menizibeya Osain Welcome MD, PhD

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Welcome, M.O. (2018). Gastrointestinal Growth and Development: From Embryo to Adult. The Aging Gut. In: Gastrointestinal Physiology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91056-7_6

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