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Clinical, Cellular and Serologic Biomarkers of Intestinal Fibrosis

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Fibrostenotic Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

Intestinal fibrosis, which is due to an exaggerated accumulation of extracellular matrix, is a frequent complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) leading to intestinal obstruction and need for surgery. Currently, there are no biomarkers able to predict the development of intestinal fibrosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Most of the candidate biomarkers, including clinical factors (i.e. smoking, ileal location, early use of steroids), circulating cells (i.e. fibrocytes), serum extracellular matrix components (i.e. collagen, fibronectin) or enzymes (i.e. tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1), serum growth factors (i.e. basic fibroblast growth factor, YKL-40) and serum antimicrobial antibodies (i.e. anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies ASCA), have been shown to predict a disabling disease course rather than a fibrostenosing phenotype. In this chapter we critically review clinical, cellular and serological biomarkers of intestinal fibrosis in inflammatory bowel disease.

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Abbreviations

ACCA:

Anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibody

ALCA:

Anti-laminaribioside IgG antibody

AMCA:

Anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibody

anti-C:

Anti-chitin carbohydrate antibody

anti-CBir1:

Anti-bacterial flagellin CBir1 antibody

anti-I2:

Anti-Pseudomonas-associated sequence I2 antibody

anti-L:

Anti-laminarin carbohydrate antibody

anti-OmpC:

Anti-Escherichia coli outer membrane protein C antibody

ASCA:

Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody

bFGF:

Basic fibroblast growth factor

CD:

Crohn’s disease

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

ELF:

Enhanced liver fibrosis

FAP:

Fibroblast activation protein

IBD:

Inflammatory bowel disease

MMP:

Matrix metalloproteinase

PDGF:

Platelet-derived growth factor

PIIINP:

N-terminal propeptide of type III collagen

TGF:

Transforming growth factor

TIMP:

Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

UC:

Ulcerative colitis

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy

    Antonio Di Sabatino & Paolo Giuffrida

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  1. Antonio Di Sabatino
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  2. Paolo Giuffrida
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Correspondence to Antonio Di Sabatino .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Florian Rieder

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Di Sabatino, A., Giuffrida, P. (2018). Clinical, Cellular and Serologic Biomarkers of Intestinal Fibrosis. In: Rieder, F. (eds) Fibrostenotic Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90578-5_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90578-5_12

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