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Mammalian Heat Shock Protein Hsp105: The Hsp70 Inducer and a Potent Target for Cancer Therapy

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HSP70 in Human Diseases and Disorders

Part of the book series: Heat Shock Proteins ((HESP,volume 14))

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Abstract

Major heat shock protein Hsp70 prevents protein aggregation and assists protein folding as molecular chaperone. Hsp70 also regulates apoptosis, senescence, and autophagy. Increased expression of Hsp70 causes the drug resistance of cancer cells. Hsp105, a mammalian heat shock protein, consists of Hsp105α and its splicing isoform Hsp105β. Hsp105α constitutively expresses in cytoplasm and functions as molecular chaperone and apoptotic regulator. Hsp105β is specifically expressed in nucleus under stressed condition and induces Hsp70 expression through the activation of Stat3. Recently, we identified that the novel regulators of Hsp105β-mediated Hsp70 induction including the transcriptional co-activator of Stat3. Additionally, we reveled that Hsp105α but not Hsp105β interacts with HIF-1α in nucleus and affects to the transcriptional activation of HIF-1. Since Hsp105 is overexpressed in several tumors including solid tumor, these evidences indicate that the nuclear expression of Hsp105α seems to function as a malignant factor of cancer through the induction of Hsp70 and the activation of the tumorigenic Stat3 and HIF-1 signaling pathways. In this chapter, we will introduce the recent our observations and discuss the possibility that the nuclear overexpression of Hsp105 is a useful marker for cancer prognosis and diagnosis.

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Abbreviations

5-FU:

5-fluorouracil

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

ESCC:

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

JAK:

Janus kinase

HIF:

Hypoxia-inducible factor

Hsc:

Heat shock cognate

HSF:

Heat shock factor

Hsp:

Heat shock protein

NES:

Nuclear export signal

NLS:

Nuclear localization signal

Nmi:

N-myc interactor

PHD:

Prolyl hydroxylase

snRNP:

Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein

Stat:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription

VHL:

Von Hippel-Lindau

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported, in part, by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant numbers: 26870701, YS and 16K08253, YN), the Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Fund for the Promotion of Scientific Research (YS), and the MEXT-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities (Grant number: S1311035).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan

    Youhei Saito & Yuji Nakayama

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  1. Youhei Saito
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  2. Yuji Nakayama
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Correspondence to Youhei Saito .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine and Precision Therapeutics Proteogenomics Diagnostic Center, Eleanor N. Dana Cancer Center, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA

    Alexzander A. A. Asea

  2. Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

    Punit Kaur

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Saito, Y., Nakayama, Y. (2018). Mammalian Heat Shock Protein Hsp105: The Hsp70 Inducer and a Potent Target for Cancer Therapy. In: Asea, A., Kaur, P. (eds) HSP70 in Human Diseases and Disorders. Heat Shock Proteins, vol 14. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89551-2_18

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