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Biopolymer Based Interfacial Tissue Engineering for Arthritis

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Orthopedic Biomaterials

Abstract

In addition to trauma or severe injury, osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cause joint damage where both the articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone become damaged and have become a serious issue globally. Despite the progress in the tissue engineering field, osteochondral tissue regeneration is still challenging to researchers due to the presence of progressive gradient material composition and complex physiological properties. Presently, interfacial tissue engineering (ITE), a modern technique to regenerate biphasic or multiphasic complex tissue interfaces such as bone-cartilage, muscle-tendon, and tendon/ligament-bone has become more attractive in the tissue engineering field. Biopolymer based scaffolds have gained tremendous attraction over other materials in the tissue engineering field owing to its ease of synthesis and modification, biodegradability, biocompatibility and less immunogenicity. Therefore, it is necessity to know about various biopolymers and different strategies to fabricate osteochondral constructs for ITE. In this chapter, we elaborately discuss the anatomy of the osteochondral interface followed by different biopolymers and osteochondral construct fabrication techniques used for osteochondral tissue regeneration by ITE.

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Acknowledgement

This work was funded by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India, (EEQ/2016/000712 and ECR/2016/002018/ES). KG and KS also acknowledge Sayantan Tripathy to support during writing this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India

    Krishanu Ghosal & Kishor Sarkar

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Rohit Khanna

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  1. Krishanu Ghosal
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  2. Rohit Khanna
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  3. Kishor Sarkar
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Correspondence to Kishor Sarkar .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedics School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA

    Bingyun Li

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Thomas Webster

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Ghosal, K., Khanna, R., Sarkar, K. (2018). Biopolymer Based Interfacial Tissue Engineering for Arthritis. In: Li, B., Webster, T. (eds) Orthopedic Biomaterials . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89542-0_4

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