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Epidemiology and Risk Factors

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Abstract

The high-quality evidence on epidemiology of gastric cardiac carcinoma in recent decades suggests a rising incidence in East Asian countries but not so in Western countries. However, risk factors of gastric cardiac carcinoma remain elusive and are not the same as those of esophageal or distal gastric non-cardiac carcinomas, although some single-center studies show the evidence for aging, obesity, environmental toxin, and history of cancer, especially esophageal cancer, as the potential independent risk factors, which remains to be validated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA

    Qin Huang

  2. Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Qin Huang

  3. Harvard Medical School, VA Boston Healthcare System and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Edward Lew

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  1. Qin Huang
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  1. Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, Massachusetts, USA

    Qin Huang

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Huang, Q., Lew, E. (2018). Epidemiology and Risk Factors. In: Huang, Q. (eds) Gastric Cardiac Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-79114-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-79114-2_3

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