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Activation and Function of Innate Lymphoid Cells

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Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Human Diseases

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Abstract

Efferent innate immune responses include the function of innate lymphoid cells, a previously unappreciated cell type of the innate immune system that has been characterized in mice and humans and found to influence the induction, regulation, and resolution of inflammation, fundamentally. There is considerable phenotypic and functional heterogeneity in the mature family of innate lymphoid cells, and broadly three groups have been defined based upon shared expression of surface markers, transcription factors, and effector cytokine production. Various immunological functions of innate lymphoid cells have been described, and increasing numbers of studies have implicated these cells in inflammatory disorders. Within group 1 of this category of cells, natural killer cells play an outstanding role and are the by far most frequently investigated cell type. Activation and subsequent responses of innate lymphoid cells, in particular, natural killer cells, to infective, sterile, or tumoral cellular stress scenarios are induced and regulated—directly or indirectly—by MAMPs and/or DAMPs which are sensed by numerous pattern recognition molecules. These receptors are expressed on their cell surface and, following the recognition process, can instigate, promote, or suppress effector cell functions. Notably, disease association studies in defined patient populations have identified significant alterations in innate lymphoid cell responses, indicating a potential role for these cell populations in human health and disease.

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  1. University of Strasbourg, Molecular ImmunoRheumatology, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, Strasbourg, France

    Walter Gottlieb Land

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Land, W.G. (2018). Activation and Function of Innate Lymphoid Cells. In: Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Human Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78655-1_27

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