Abstract
The Pacific Alliance (PA) is a regional integration initiative that was officially established in 2011 by Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. One of the PA’s principal objectives is to build – in a participatory and consensual way – an area of deep integration to move progressively towards the free movement of goods, services, resources and people. Bringing together a group of like-minded countries that have long embraced a trade- and foreign direct investment-driven growth and development and pursued a number of pro-competitive market reforms at the domestic level, the PA is notable for the high level of hard and soft law interaction ambitions it espouses despite the low level of intra-regional trade and investment characterizing the regional grouping. This chapter offers a summary and informed reading of the contributions made by a diverse group of academics, policy experts, lawyers, and officials from national governments and international organizations at the conference from which this edited volume is drawn.
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Notes
- 1.
“The Pacific Alliance: Adding Value to The Global Intellectual Property Rights Regime?”
- 2.
“The Pacific Alliance: Building a Pathway to the High-Hanging Fruits of Deep Integration.”
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In contrast to the competing school of realism and liberalism, constructivism is based on the contention that significant aspects of international relations are historically and socially constructed, rather than inevitable consequences of human nature or other essential characteristics of world politics.
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As first described by Paul Samuelson in 1954, public goods share two special characteristics: They are non-excludable (i.e. no one can be prevented from enjoying them) and are non-rivalrous in consumption (i.e. any one person’s use of that good does not diminish its availability to others). (Paul A. Samuelson 1954)
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VanGrasstek, C. (2019). Concluding Remarks: The Pacific Alliance – Stocktaking and the Way Forward. In: Sauvé, P., Polanco Lazo, R., Álvarez Zárate, J. (eds) The Pacific Alliance in a World of Preferential Trade Agreements. United Nations University Series on Regionalism, vol 16. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78464-9_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78464-9_14
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