Abstract
Fundamental concepts of MDS models are discussed. Since MDS includes a family of different models and various terms are used to describe these models as well as their corresponding elements, I explain these models and their associated terms using more understandable language.
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Ding, C.S. (2018). The MDS Models: Basics. In: Fundamentals of Applied Multidimensional Scaling for Educational and Psychological Research. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78172-3_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78172-3_3
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