Abstract
Carl Auer von Welsbach made his great discoveries and important inventions in only the space of the twenty years after he completed his studies with Robert Bunsen . In that amount of time, he accomplished far more than most scientists achieve in an entire lifetime of research. As this intense research period began to wind down, he was able to turn his mind to other things—some of a more personal and recreational nature, some with an outward thrust to the scientific world in general, and some to the care and nurturing of his fellow human beings. In all of these new undertakings, the skills he had gained previously were put to work in new contexts.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Kutschera [1].
- 2.
Löffler [2]. The figure on the page cited, p. 53, shows clearly, through the certifying signatures of Stefan Meyer, Marie Curie, and Ernest Rutherford that radioactivity research in Austria was on equal footing with that of Paris.
- 3.
Robison [3].
- 4.
Otto Hönigschmid studied chemistry at the University of Prague from 1897 to 1904 and received his doctorate under Guido Goldschmidt (1850–1915). After postdoctoral studies with Henri Moissan in Paris from 1904 to 1906, he eventually taught at the German Technical University in Prague in 1911 and at the University of Munich in 1918. His specialty was the development of precise determination methods of atomic weights, carried out on 47 elements; he also contributed to isotope research. His most brilliant achievement was the redefinition of the atomic weight of radium in 1911, which he repeated in 1933, when further precision and accuracy was required.
- 5.
Hund [4]; Table 1, p. 857.
- 6.
Adunka [5].
- 7.
Löffler [2], p. 125.
- 8.
Kutschera [1].
- 9.
Paracelsus [6], 508–513.
- 10.
Auer von Welsbach [7].
- 11.
This is the first indication at which he hinted at the very beginning of Part I, in Ref. 10.
- 12.
Now known as 230Th subsequent to Frederick Soddy’s proposal of isotopes by in 1913.
- 13.
Steinhauser et al. [8].
- 14.
Steinhauser et al. [9].
- 15.
Auer von Welsbach [10].
- 16.
Hidden and Mackintosh [11].
- 17.
Löhr [12].
- 18.
This additive color process was in use until it was superseded by the more efficient, and certainly less clumsy, subtractive color process in the 1930s. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autochrome_Lumi%C3%A8re (accessed 15 Jan. 2018).
- 19.
Adunka [13].
- 20.
Dahlmann [14].
- 21.
“Josef” is the German spelling of “Joseph.”
- 22.
Adunka [13].
- 23.
Sedlacek [15].
References
Kutschera W (2011) Carl Auer von Welsbach und das Wiener Radium. In Carl Freiherr Auer von Welsbach (1858–1929). Symposium anlässlich des 150. Geburtstages. Wien, 4. Juni 2008 (2011) Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Austria, pp 51–58
Löffler G (2015) Carl Auer von Welsbach und sein Beitrag zur frühen Radioaktivitätsforschung und Quantentheorie. Althofen im Kärnten, Austria, Auer-von-Welsbach-Forschungsinstitut, p 53
Robison RF (2015) Mining and selling radium and uranium. Springer, Heidelberg, p 88. https://books.google.com/books?id=yNClBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA88&lpg=PA88&dq=Carl+Ulrich+chemist+Wien&source=bl&ots=Jj6BFSX9A7&sig=xE_aDzwJ9mS8g6C8OMus9nRiU24&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiBttOaxMrVAhVl54MKHQccAaYQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Carl%20Ulrich%20chemist%20Wien&f=false. last Accessed Jan 15 2018
Hund F (1925) Atomtheoretische Deutung des Magnetismus der seltenen Erden. Z Phys 33:855–859
Adunka R (2011) Carl Auer von Welsbach als Mentor berühmter Wissenschaftler. In Carl Freiherr Auer von Welsbach (1858–1929). Symposium anlässlich des 150. Geburtstages. Wien, 4. Juni 2008 (2011) Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Austria, pp. 13-27
Paracelsus W (1968) Bd. 2, Darmstadt Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 508–513
Auer von Welsbach C (1910) Über die chemische Untersuchung der Actinium enthaltenden Rückstande der Radiumgewinnung. I. Teil. Sitzungsber. - Oesterr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Abt. 2b 119:1011–1054
Steinhauser G, Löffler G, Adunka R (2013) The possible discovery of neutron activation in 1910. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 296:157–163
Steinhauser G, Adunka R, Hainz D, Löffler G, Musilek A (2016) New forensic insight into Carl Auer von Welsbach’s 1910 observation of induced radioactivity: theoretical, experimental and historical approaches. Interdiscip Sci Rev 41(4):297–318
Auer von Welsbach C (1922) Spektroskopische Methoden der analytischen Chemie, Sitzungsber. - Oesterr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Abt. 2b 131:339–354
Hidden WE, Mackintosh JB (1888) Auerlite: a new thorium mineral. Am J Sci 36:461–463. https://www.mindat.org/min-418.html. last Accessed Jan 15 2018
Löhr K (2016) The science of innovation: a comprehensive approach for innovation management. DeGruyter, Berlin, p 147
Adunka R (2015) Carl Auer von Welsbach – Entdecker, Erfinder, Firmengründer. Kärntner Landesarchivs, Klagenfurt, Austria, pp 68–75
Dahlmann J (2017) Das innovative Unternehmertum im Sinne Schumpeters: Theorie und Wirtschaftgeschichte. Metropolis-Verlag, Marburg, Germany, p 384
Sedlacek F (1934) Auer von Welsbach. Österreichisches Forschungsinstitut für Geschickte der Technik in Wien. Blätter für Geschichte der Technik, Zweites Heft. L. Erhard, ed. Julius Springer Verlag, Wien, p 76
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Adunka, R., Orna, M.V. (2018). A Life for Research, Family, and Community. In: Carl Auer von Welsbach: Chemist, Inventor, Entrepreneur. SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77905-8_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77905-8_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-77904-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-77905-8
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)