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Malignant Mesothelioma

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Book cover Serous Effusions

Abstract

Malignant mesothelioma, the primary tumor of the serosal cavities, is in most cases the fearful consequence of exposure to fibrous minerals such as asbestos and erionite. The diagnosis was previously considered to be a difficult one that required access to biopsy material. The development of ancillary techniques such as immunocytochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization has changed this, and guidelines for obtaining a specific diagnosis based on effusion cytology have been recently published. Since the effusion often is the first available diagnostic material, the diagnosis is also obtained earlier in this way, improving patient survival and the chance for therapeutic intervention. The chapter describes the development of the tumor and its molecular background. This is characterized by frequent losses of the suppressor genes NF-2 and BAP-1 and homozygous deletion of p16, while no specific driver mutation has been so far identified. Despite the lack of actionable driver mutations, extensive genome-wide molecular screening combined with chemosensitivity testing of cells derived from pleural effusions has the potential to improve the basis for rational selection of personalized treatment options in the future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

    Katalin Dobra M.D., Ph.D. & Anders Hjerpe M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Katalin Dobra M.D., Ph.D.
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  2. Anders Hjerpe M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Katalin Dobra M.D., Ph.D. .

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  1. Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital Oslo University Hospital , Oslo, Norway

    Ben Davidson

  2. Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Pinar Firat

  3. UH Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, UH Clevel and Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Claire W. Michael

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Dobra, K., Hjerpe, A. (2018). Malignant Mesothelioma. In: Davidson, B., Firat, P., Michael, C. (eds) Serous Effusions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76478-8_11

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