Skip to main content

Citizens’ Activism and Solidarity Movements in Contemporary Europe: Contending with Populism

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology ((PSEPS))

Abstract

The introduction by Birte Siim, Anna Krasteva, and Aino Saarinen situates the book within the scholarly literature and European research. It is inspired by the challenges to understand the new forms of national populism linked to globalization, European integration, migration, and multiculturality/multiculturalism. The transformation of the political landscape, deconstruction of welfare states, and growth of exclusive nationalisms across Europe following the immigration and “refugee crisis” present a challenge to counterforces and solidarity movements to combat othering and exclusion. Hate speech and hate acts flourish, even in regimes that have previously been characterized as tolerant and inclusive. The aim is to make counterforces to right-wing populism in civil society visible and reflect critically on concepts such as citizenship, democracy, social movements, conflicts, and cooperation around race/ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and class.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Greece was part of the national case-studies of the first three books of the RAGE project but is unfortunately not included in this book. We decided to include a chapter focusing on Germany instead in order to study examples of migrant self-organization.

References

  • Arendt, H. (1951). The origin of totalitarianism. New York: Harvard Law School.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arendt, H. (1958). The human condition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauböck, R. (2006). Citizenship and migration: Concepts and controversies. In R. Bauboeck (Ed.), Migration and citizenship. Legal status, rights and political participation (pp.15–32). IMISCOE Reports, Amsterdam University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benveniste, A., & Pingaud, E. (2016). Far-right movements in France: The principal role of Front National and the Rise of Islamophobia. In G. Lazaridis, A. Benveniste, & G. Campani (Eds.), The rise of the far right in a Europe under crisis. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhimji, F. (2016). Visibilities and the politics of space: Refugee activism in Berlin. Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies, 14, 432–450.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brochmann, G., & Hagelund, A. (2012). Immigration policies and the Scandinavian welfare states 1945–2010. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S., & Davidson, A. (2000). Citizenship and migration: Globalization and the politics of belonging. Houndmills/New York: Palgrave.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cisař, O. (2013). A typology of extra-parliamentary political activism in post-communist settings: The case of the Czech Republic. In K. Jakobsson & S. Saxonberg (Eds.), Beyond NGO-ization. The development of social movements in Central and Eastern Europe (pp. 139–167). Farnham and Burlington: Ashgate.

    Google Scholar 

  • della Porta, D. (2005). Multiple belongings, tolerant identities, and the construction of another politics: Between the European Social Forums and local social fora. In D. della Porta & S. Tarrow (Eds.), Transnational protest and global activism (pp. 175–202). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.

    Google Scholar 

  • della Porta, D. (2013). Can democracy be saved? Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • della Porta, D. (2015). Social movements in times of austerity. Cambridge: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • della Porta, D., & Mattoni, A. (2014). Patterns of diffusion and the transnational dimension of protest in the movements of crisis. An introduction. In D. Della Porta & A. Mattoni (Eds.), Spreading protest. Social movements in times of crisis (pp. 1–18). Colchester: ECPR Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Djuve, A. B., Friberg, J., Tyldum, G., & Zhang, H. (2015). When poverty meets affluence: Migrants from Romania on the streets of the Scandinavian capitals. Oslo: FAFO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fenger-Grøndal, M. (2017). Venligboerne – historien om en bevægelse [The friendly neighbors: The story about a movement]. Copenhagen: Bibelselskabets Selskab.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferree, M. M., Gamson, W. A., Gerhards, J., & Rucht, D. (2002). Four models of the public sphere in modern democracies. Theory and Society, 31, 289–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fishkin, J. M. (2014). Deliberative democracy in context: Reflections on theory and practice. In K. Grönlund, A. Bächtiger, & M. Setälä (Eds.), Deliberative mini-publics: Involving citizens in the democratic process (pp. 27–40). Colchester: ECPR Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, N. (2005). Reframing justice in a globalising world. New Left Review, 36, 69–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, N. (2013). Fortunes of feminism: From state-managed capitalism to neoliberal crisis. London: Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grönlund, K., Bächtiger, A., & Setälä, M. (2014). Introduction. In K. Grönlund, A. Bächtiger, & M. Setälä (Eds.), Deliberative mini-publics. Involving citizens in the democratic process (pp. 1–8). Colchester: ECPR Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guttman, A., & Thompson, D. (1996). Democracy and disagreement. Cambridge, MA/London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guy, W. (2013). From victimhood to citizenship. The path of Roma integration. Pakiv European Roma Fund. Budapest: Kossuth Publishing Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isin, E. F. (2008). Theorizing acts of citizenship. In E. F. Isin & G. M. Nielsen (Eds.), Acts of citizenship (pp. 15–43). London/New York: Zed Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isin, E. F. (2009). Citizenship in the flux. Subjectivity, 19, 367–381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Isin, E. F., & Nielsen, G. M. (2008). Introduction. In E. F. Isin & G. M. Nielsen (Eds.), Acts of citizenship (pp. 1–12). London/New York: Zed Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jakobsson, K., & Saxonberg, S. (2013). Introduction: The development of social movements in Central and Eastern Europe. In K. Jakobsson & S. Saxonberg (Eds.), Beyond NGO-ization: The developments of social movements in Central and Eastern Europe (pp. 1–26). Farnham/Burlington: Ashgate.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, J. G., Wallace, M., & Fullerton, A. W. (2008). A social movement society: A cross-national analysis of protest potential. International Journal of Sociology, 38, 12–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keck, M. E., & Sikkink, K. (1998). Activists beyond borders: Advocacy networks in international politics. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keskinen, S. (2016). From welfare nationalism to welfare chauvinism: Economic rhetoric, the welfare state and changing asylum policies in Finland. Critical Social Policy, 36, 1–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kopeckŷ, P., & Mudde, C. (Eds.). (2012). The uncivil society: Contentious politics in post-communist Europe. London/New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasteva, A. (2016). Occupy Bulgaria or the emergence of the post-communist contestatory citizenship. Southeastern Europe, 40, 158–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kriszan, A., & Siim, B. (forthcoming). Gender equality and family in European populist radical-right agendas: European parliamentary debates 2014. In T. Knijn & M. Naldini (Eds.), Gender and generational division in EU citizenship. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kvist, J., Fritzell, J., Hvinden, B., & Kangas, O. (Eds.). (2012). Changing social equality: The Nordic welfare model in the 21st century. Bristol/Chicago: The Policy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landwehr, C. (2014). Facilitating deliberation: The role of impartial intermediaries in deliberative mini-publics. In K. Grönlund, A. Bächtiger, & M. Setälä (Eds.), Deliberative mini-publics. Involving citizens in the democratic process (pp. 77–92). Colchester: ECPR Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazaridis, G., & Campani, G. (2016). Understanding the populist shift: Othering in a Europe in crisis. Milton Keynes: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Lazaridis, G., Benveniste, A., & Campani, G. (Eds.). (2016). The rise of the far right in Europe. Populist shifts and ‘othering’. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, T. H. (1950). Citizenship and social class. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendez-Shannon, C. E., & Bailey, J. D. (2016). Sobresalir: The undocumented experience. Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 25, 98–113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, D. S., & Tarrow, S. G. (1998). The social movement society: Contentious politics for a new century. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minkenberg, M. (2002). The radical right in postsocialist Central and Eastern Europe: Comparative observations and interpretations. East European Politics & Societies, 16, 335–362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mudde, C. (2005). Central and Eastern Europe. In C. Mudde (Ed.), Racist extremism in Central and Eastern Europe (pp. 267–285). London/New York: Routledge.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Müller, J.-W. (2016). Hvad er populisme? [What is populism?]. Viborg: Informations Forlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, G. M. (2008). Answerability with cosmopolitan intent: An ethics-based politics for acts of urban citizenship. In E. F. Isin & G. M. Nielsen (Eds.), Acts of citizenship (pp. 266–286). London/New York: Zed Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Niemeyer, S. (2014). Scaling up deliberation to mass publics: Harnessing mini-publics in a deliberative system. In K. Grönlund, A. Bächtiger, & M. Setälä (Eds.), Deliberative mini-publics: Involving citizens in the democratic process (pp. 177–202). Colchester: ECPR Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nyers, P. (2008). No one is illegal between city and nation. In E. F. Isin & G. M. Nielsen (Eds.), Acts of citizenship (pp. 160–181). London/New York: Zed Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pajnik, M., & Sauer, B. (2017). Populism and the web: Communicative practices of parties and movements in Europe. London/New York: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pirro, A. (2015). The populist radical right in Central and Eastern Europe. Ideology, impact, and electoral performance. London/New York: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Saarinen, A., & Calloni, M. (2012). Feminised migration across the East-West Borders: A challenge to a “New Europe”. In A. Saarinen & M. Calloni (Eds.), Builders of a New Europa. Women immigrants from the Eastern trans-regions (pp. 2–17). Kikimora Publications: Helsinki.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saarinen, A., Puurunen, H., & Enache, A. (2018). Eastern European Roma as a new challenge for research. In A. Saarinen (Ed.), Mobilizing for mobile Roma: Pro-actors in Helsinki, Finland in the 2000s–2010s. Trialogue Books; and A. Markkanen & Kaj Åberg (Eds.), The culture of Finnish Roma. Helsinki: Finnish Literature Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sauer, B., & Ajanovic, E. (2016). Hegemonic discourses of difference and inequality: Right-wing organizations in Austria. In G. Lazaridis, G. Campani, & A. Benveniste (Eds.), The rise of the far right in Europe: Populist shifts and othering. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saward, M. (2000, April). Direct and deliberative democracy. Paper for ECPR session in Copenhagen. Open University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siim, B., & Meret, S. (2016). Right wing populism in Denmark: People, nation and welfare in the construction of the “Other”. In G. Lazaridis, A. Benveniste, & G. Campani (Eds.), The rise of the far right in a Europe under crisis. Houndmills, Basingstoke/Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siim, B., & Mokre, M. (Eds.). (2013). Negotiating gender and diversity in an emergent European public sphere. Houndmills, Basingstoke/Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soysal, Y. N. (1994). Limits of citizenship: Migrants and post-national membership in Europe. Chicago/London: University of Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walters, W. (2008). Mapping the territory of (non-)citizenship. In E. F. Isin & G. M. Nielsen (Eds.), Acts of citizenship (pp. 182–206). London/New York: Zed Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Widfeldt, A. (2015). Extreme right parties in Scandinavia. London/New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wimmer, A., & Glick-Schiller, N. (2002). Methodological nationalism and beyond: Nation building, migration and social sciences. Global Networks, 2, 301–334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuval-Davis, N. (1997). Gender & Nation. London/Thousand Oaks/New Delhi: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuval-Davis, N. (2011). The politics of belonging: Intersectional contestations. London: Sage.

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Siim, B., Saarinen, A., Krasteva, A. (2019). Citizens’ Activism and Solidarity Movements in Contemporary Europe: Contending with Populism. In: Siim, B., Krasteva, A., Saarinen, A. (eds) Citizens’ Activism and Solidarity Movements. Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76183-1_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics