Abstract
Environmental services from the perspective of the State have as a public policy objective the conservation of natural environments as well as the coverage of plants that provide environmental services to society, while, from the owners’ point of view, decisions on the use of forests, whether through forest extraction activities or the change of land use for agricultural or urban activities, depend on the opportunity costs, the conditions of production, and access to economic resources. This chapter conceptualizes the understanding of environmental services from the economic point of view. The contrast and the workings of the payments for ecosystem services and the community forest management are analyzed; whereas in the last section, it examines the current design of ecological flows to appreciate the environmental services provided by rivers and wetlands. This is exemplified in a case study (Capulalpam de Mendez, Oaxaca). From this perspective, this chapter analyzes the current institutional framework that regulates environmental services such as the recognition of the ecological flow and the payment system for environmental services, emphasizing the contrast with the management of forest resources by forest owners and managers.
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- 1.
Mangrove forests provide services at a local level, as a place where several commercial species reproduce; worldwide this carbon fixation rate is three times higher compared to that of other types of forests (UNEP 2011).
- 2.
In Mexico’s countryside, the assumed uncertainty in the possession of the land is not caused by the absence of a recognized legal document, but by the inability to guarantee the excludability, establish limits, and mobilize the institutional resources needed to enforce their rights.
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Hernández-Murillo, R., Olivera-Villarroel, S.M. (2019). Payments for Environmental Services: Between Forest Resource Management and Institutional Building. In: Guerrero García Rojas, H. (eds) Water Policy in Mexico. Global Issues in Water Policy, vol 20. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76115-2_9
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