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Brazilian Phlebotomines as Hosts and Vectors of Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa (Excluding Those Belonging to the Genus Leishmania) and Nematodes

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Abstract

Many microorganisms—ranging from viruses, bacteria, entomophthoralic fungi, trypanosomatids and aseptate gregarines to Tylenchida and Spirurida nematodes (Warburg 1991)—have been isolated from American sand flies. Their importance as vectors of Leishmania species has eclipsed their role as vectors or hosts of other organisms except for Bartonellosis. In the case of trypanosomatids, studies on leishmaniasis have generated, directly or indirectly, most of the information that currently exists on these different parasites. In this chapter, we refer to findings of other monoaxenic parasites, including protozoa and bacteria, which can affect leishmanial vector efficiency. Eclectic feeding habits are responsible for epidemiological situations, in which viruses are transmitted between different vertebrates.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Dr. Robert Tesh and Thiago Vasconcelos for their helpful comments and input.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Jeffrey J. Shaw

  2. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA

    Amélia T. de Rosa

  3. Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil

    Amélia T. de Rosa, Ana Cecilia Cruz & Pedro Fernando da C. Vasconcelos

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  1. Jeffrey J. Shaw
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  1. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Elizabeth F. Rangel

  2. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Jeffrey J. Shaw

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Shaw, J.J., de Rosa, A.T., Cruz, A.C., Vasconcelos, P.F.d.C. (2018). Brazilian Phlebotomines as Hosts and Vectors of Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa (Excluding Those Belonging to the Genus Leishmania) and Nematodes. In: Rangel, E., Shaw, J. (eds) Brazilian Sand Flies . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75544-1_9

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