Abstract
Latin America is not a homogeneous region, but descriptions are commonly based on the analyses of the largest and most studied countries. Smaller countries such as Paraguay and Bolivia have not been studied much. This chapter analyzes how Bolivian and Paraguayan universities have become involved in international partnerships comprising research. It argues that, despite the limited research capacity in these countries, there are interesting initiatives including international collaboration that show promising accomplishments and merit documentation. The chapter discusses demographic, economic, and research and development indicators; science and technology (STI) capacity and outputs; and higher education and STI systems. It reviews international co-authorships and collaboration among scientific journals, presents four cases, and provides recommendations for small countries like Bolivia and Paraguay to develop international collaborations to promote STI.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Agriculture Alternative (Anternativas Agropecuarias, ALTAGRO) and Andean Products Promotion and Research Foundation (Fundación Promoción e Investigación de Productos Andinos, Bolivia, PROINPA).
- 2.
For information, see http://www.faunaparaguay.com/updates.html
- 3.
More information available at: http://guyra.org.py
- 4.
More information available at: http://www.paralatierra.org
References
Aguado, L. E., Salazar, R. R., Oropeza, G. G., & Zúñiga, M. F. (2008). Redalyc: una Alternativa a las AsimetrÃas en la Distribución del Conocimiento CientÃfico [RedALyC: An Alternative to Scientific Knowledge Distribution Asymmetries]. Ciencia, Docencia y TecnologÃa, XIX(37), 11–30.
Aguirre-Bastos, C., & Gupta, M. P. (2009). Science, Technology and Innovation Policies in Latin America: ¿Do They Work? Interciencia, 34(12), 865–872.
Alliance Free from Violence [Alianza Libres sin Violencia]. (2015). Who Are We? [¿Quiénes somos?]. La Paz: Alianza Libres sin Violencia. Available at: http://alianzalibressinviolencia.org/
AlperÃn, J. P., Fischman, G., & Willinsky, J. (2011). Scholarly Communication Strategies in Latin America’s Research-Intensive Universities. Liinc em Revista, 4(2), 172–185. Available at: http://www.ibict.br/liinc
Bolivia, H. (2016). Quienes somos [Who Are We]. La Paz: Helvetas Swiss Intercooperation. Available at: https://bolivia.helvetas.org/helvetas_bolivia/
Bolivian Center for Multidisciplinary Research [CEBEM: Centro Boliviano de Investigación Multidisciplinaria]. (2016). Who Are We? [¿Quiénes somos?]. La Paz: CEBEM. Available at: http://cebem.org/?page_id=614
Cabral, H., & Weiler, A. (2014, May). Commented List of Reptiles from the Zoological Collection of the School of Natural and Exact Sciences of Asunción, Paraguay [Lista comentada de los reptiles de la Colección Zoológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales de Asunción, Paraguay]. Cuadernos de Herpetologia, 28(1), 19–28.
Cacciali, P., Smith, P., Källberg, A., Pheasey, H., & Atkinson, K. (2013). Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes, Lygophis Paucidens Hoge, 1052: First Records for Paraguay. Check List, 9(1), 131–132. Available at: http://www.checklist.org.br/getpdf?NGD201-12
Cacciali, P., Scott, N. J., Ortiz, A. L. A., Fitzgerald, L. A., & Smith, P. (2016, June 25). The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. Special Report No. 11. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico, Museum of Southwestern Biology.
Center for Studies on Economic and Social Reality [CERES: Centro de Estudios de la Realidad Económica y Social]. (2016). Institutional Information [Infor. Institucional]. Cochabamba: CERES. Available at: http://www.ceresbolivia.org/informacion-institucional-2
Cetto, A. M., Gamboa, J. O. A., & González, S. C. (2010). Ibero-American Systems for the Dissemination of Scholarly Journals: A Contribution to Public Knowledge Worldwide. Scholarly and Research Communication 1(1) 010104. Available at: http://www.src-online.ca/index.php/src/issue/current
CiudadanÃa. (2015a). Adgys System (Sistema Adgys). Cochabamba: CiudadanÃa. Available online at: http://www.ciudadaniabolivia.org/es/node/334
CiudadanÃa. (2015b). Constitution (Constitución). Cochabamba: CiudadanÃa. Available online at: http://ciudadaniabolivia.org/es/node/113
CiudadanÃa, We Effect. (2015). The Secret of Co-responsible Care [El Secreto del Cuidado Corresponsable]. Learning Guide. Cochabamba: CiudadanÃa, We Effect. Available at: http://www.ciudadaniabolivia.org/es/node/598
Connection Emancipation Fund [Conexión Fondo de Emancipación]. (2015). Who Are We? [¿Quiénes somos?]. La Paz: Conexión Fondo de Emancipación. Available at: http://www.conexion.org.bo/seccion/Quines-Somos-.html
Coordination of Women [Coordinadora de la Mujer]. (2015). Who Are We? [¿Quiénes somos?]. La Paz: Coordinadora de la Mujer. Available at: http://www.coordinadoradelamujer.org.bo/web/index.php/qsomos/mostrar/id/1
Cummings, W., Galeano, L., & Rivelli, D. (1993). Higher Education [Educación Superior]. In F. Reimers (Ed.), Analysis of the Education System in Paraguay. Policy Recommendations and Strategies for Reform [Análisis del Sistema Educativo en el Paraguay. Sugerencias de polÃtica and estrategia para su reforma] (pp. 245–304). Asunción: Harvard institute for International Development/Centro Paraguayo de Estudios Sociológicos.
Delgado, J. E. (2010). Trends in the Publication of Refereed Journals in Spanish- and Portuguese-Speaking Latin America. Comparative & International Higher Education, 2, 43–49.
Delgado, J. E. (2011). University Research in Latin America and the United States: Evolution, Roles, and Challenges. International Studies in Education, 12, 76–91.
Delgado, J. E. (2014). Scientific Journals of Universities of Chile, Colombia, and Venezuela: Actors and Roles. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 22(34). https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v22n34.2014.
Delgado, J. E. (2015). Latin American Private Universities in the Context of Competition and Research Productivity. In G. Gregorutti & J. E. Delgado (Eds.), Private Universities in Latin America: Research and Innovation in the Knowledge Economy (pp. 27–49). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Delgado, J. E., & Weidman, J. C. (2012). Latin American and Caribbean Countries in the Global Quest for World Class Academic Recognition: An Analysis of Publications in Scopus and the Science Citation Index Between 1990 and 2010. Excellence in Higher Education, 3, 111–121. https://doi.org/10.5195/ehe.2012.73.
Delgado Troncoso, J. (2011). Role of Open Access in the Emergence and Consolidation of Refereed Journals in Latin America and the Caribbean. Revista Educación Superior y Sociedad (UNESCO-IESALC), 16(2).
Delgado-Troncoso, J. E., & Fischman, G. E. (2014). The Future of Latin American Academic Journals. In B. Cope & A. Phillips (Eds.), The Future of the Academic Journal (2nd ed., pp. 370–400). Oxford: Chandos.
Fogel, R. (1994). Science and Technology in Paraguay. Socio-Environmental Impact [La ciencia y la tecnologÃa en Paraguay. Su impacto socio-ambiental]. Asunción: Centro de Estudios Rurales Interdisciplinarios.
GarcÃa Riart, J. (2013). Institutional Configuration of the Paraguayan Higher Education System [Configuración Institucional del Sistema de Educación Superior Paraguayo]. In M. Rivarola (Ed.), University Higher Education and Its Regulatory Framework [Educación Superior Universitaria y su Marco Regulatorio] (pp. 8–23). Asunción: USAID, Semillas para la Democracia.
González, P. G. (2012, September 2). Situation and Proposals for Higher Education in Paraguay [Situación y Propuestas para la Educación Superior en Paraguay]. ABC Color. Available at: http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/suplementos/cultural/situacion-y-propuestas-para-la-educacion-superior-en-paraguay-445310.html
Guyra Paraguay. (2017). Who We Are [Quiénes somos]. Asunción: Guyra Paraguay. Available at: http://guyra.org.py/institucional/quienes-somos/
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT): [Red de Indicadores de Ciencia y TecnologÃa—Iberoamericana e Interamericana]. (2013a). Articles in BIOSIS [ArtÃculos en BIOSIS]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BB,BO,BR,CL,CO,CR,CU,DO,EC,ES,GT,GY,HN,HT,JM,MX,NI,PA,PE,PT,PY,SV,TT,UY,VE,AL,IB,TL/1990%2C2013/CBIOSIS
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013b). Articles in CAB International [ArtÃculos en CAB Internacional]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BB,BO,BR,CL,CO,CR,CU,DO,EC,ES,GT,GY,HN,HT,JM,MX,NI,PA,PE,PT,PY,SV,TT,UY,VE,AL,IB,TL/1990%2C2013/CCAB
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013c). Articles in Medline [ArtÃculos en Medline]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BB,BO,BR,CL,CO,CR,CU,DO,EC,ES,GT,GY,HN,HT,JM,MX,NI,PA,PE,PT,PY,SV,TT,UY,VE,AL,IB,TL/1990%2C2013/CMEDLINE
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013d). Articles in SCI [ArtÃculos en SCI]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BB,BO,BR,CA,CL,CO,CR,CU,DO,EC,ES,GT,GY,HN,HT,JM,MX,NI,PA,PE,PT,PY,SV,TT,US,UY,VE,AL,IB,TL/1990%2C2013/CSCI
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013e). Expenditure on Research and Development as a Percentage of GDP [Gasto en investigación y desarrollo como porcentaje del PIB]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BO,BR,CA,CL,CO,CR,CU,EC,ES,GT,HN,JM,MX,NI,PA,PE,PR,PT,PY,SV,TT,US,UY,VE,AL,IB/1990%2C2013/GASTOxPBI
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013f). Gross Domestic Product in Dollars [Producto interno bruto en dólares]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BB,BO,BR,CA,CL,CO,CR,CU,DO,EC,ES,GT,GY,HN,HT,JM,MX,NI,PA,PE,PR,PT,PY,SV,TT,US,UY,VE,AL,IB/1990%2C2013/PBIUSD
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013g). Patent Applications—Resident and Non-resident [Solicitudes de patentes—residentes y No Residents]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BO,BR,CA,CL,CO,CR,CU,DO,EC,ES,GT,HN,HT,JM,MX,NI,PA,PE,PT,PY,SV,TT,US,UY,VE,AL,IB/1990%2C2013/CPATSOL
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013h). Population [Población]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BB,BO,BR,CA,CL,CO,CR,CU,DO,EC,ES,GT,GY,HN,HT,JM,MX,NI,PA,PE,PR,PT,PY,SV,TT,US,UY,VE,AL,IB/1990%2C2013/CPOBLA
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013i). Research and Development Expenditure [Gasto en investigación y desarrollo]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BO,BR,CA,CL,CO,CR,CU,EC,ES,GT,HN,JM,MX,NI,PA,PE,PR,PT,PY,SV,TT,US,UY,VE,AL,IB/1990%2C2013/GASTOUSD
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013j). Researchers by Field of Science [Investigadores por campo cientÃfico]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BO,CL,CO,CR,EC,GT,MX,PA,PT,PY,SV,TT,UY,VE/1990%2C2013/INVESTPFDISCPER
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013k). Researchers by Highest Qualification Level [Investigadores por más alto nivel de calificación]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BO,BR,CL,CO,CR,EC,GT,PA,PT,PY,SV,TT,UY,VE/1990%2C2013/INVESTPFNIVELPE
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013l). Researchers Per 1000 Labor Force [Investigadores por cada 1000 trabajadores]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BO,BR,CA,CL,CO,CR,CU,EC,ES,GT,HN,MX,NI,PA,PE,PR,PT,PY,SV,TT,US,UY,VE,AL,IB/1990%2C2013/CINVPEA
Iberic-American and Inter-American Network of Science and Technology Indicators (RICYT). (2013m). S&T Personnel–Headcount [Personal en C&T—recuento]. Buenos Aires: RICYT. Available online at: http://db.ricyt.org/query/AR,BO,BR,CL,CO,CR,CU,EC,ES,GT,HN,MX,NI,PA,PE,PR,PT,PY,SV,TT,UY,VE,AL,IB/1990%2C2013/CPERSOPF
Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA). (2016). Bolivia: Context. Stockholm: IDEA. Available at: http://www.idea.int/americas/bolivia/bolivia-context.cfm
Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP). (2015a). Donors and Partners. Nashville: Vanderbilt University. Available online at: http://www.vanderbilt.edu/lapop/sustaining-donors.php
LAPOP. (2015b). Home. Nashville: Vanderbilt University. Available online at: http://www.vanderbilt.edu/lapop/index.php
LAPOP. (2015c). Country Partners. Nashville: Vanderbilt University. Available online at: http://www.vanderbilt.edu/lapop/partners.php
Laserna, R. (Compilator). (2014). Cochabamba: Politics, Rights, and Daily Life [Cochabamba: PolÃtica, Derechos y Vida Cotidiana]. Cochabamba: CiudadanÃa, CERES, Los Tiempos. Available at: http://www.ciudadaniabolivia.org/es/node/422
Laserna, R. (Compilator). (2015). Studies in the Metropolitan Axis [Estudios en el Eje Metropolitano]. Cochabamba: CiudadanÃa, CERES, Los Tiempos. Available at: http://www.ciudadaniabolivia.org/es/node/453
Meneghini, R., & Packer, A. (2008). Is There Science Beyond English? Initiatives to Increase the Quality and Visibility of Non-English Publications Might Help to Break Down Language Barriers in Scientific Communication. EMBO Reports 8(2), 112–116. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7400906.
Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC), Advisory Council for Educational Reform. (1998). Advances of the Educational Reform. Perspectives, Strategies, and Policies of Paraguayan Education [Avances de la reforma educativa. Perspectivas, estrategias y polÃticas de la educación paraguaya]. Asunción: MEC.
Moreno Moreno, D. E. (Compilator). (2016). Living in the Cities. Experiences and Perceptions in the Bolivian Metropolitan Axis [Vivir en las Ciudades. Experiencas y Percepciones en el eje metropolitano de Bolivia]. Cochabamba: CiudadanÃa, CERES, Los Tiempos. Available at: http://www.ciudadaniabolivia.org/es/node/605
MorÃnigo Alcaraz, J. N. (2013). University Education in Education System of Paraguay [La Educación Universitaria en el Sistema Educativo del Paraguay] (pp. 24–31). In M. Rivarola (Ed.), University Higher Education and Its Regulatory Framework [Educación Superior Universitaria y su Marco Regulatorio] (pp. 8–23). Asunción: USAID, Semillas para la Democracia.
Motte, M., Núñez, K., Cacciali, P., Brusquetti, F., Scott, N., & Aquino, A. L. (2009). Categorization of the Conservation Status of Amphibians and Reptiles of Paraguay [Categorización del Estado de Conservación de los Anfibios y Reptiles de Paraguay]. Cuadernos de Herpetologia, 23(1), 5–18.
National Agency for Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation [ANEAES: Agencia Nacional de Evaluación y Acreditación de la Educación Superior]. (2016). List of Legally Approved Public and Private Universities [Nómina de Universidades del Sector Oficial y Privado con Marco Legal de Aprobación para su Funcionamiento]. Asunción: ANEAES. Available at: http://www.aneaes.gov.py/aneaes/index.php/ct-menu-item-31
National Museum of Natural History of Paraguay (NMNHP). (2016). Fauna Paraguay [Repository]. Asunción: NMNHP. Available at: http://www.faunaparaguay.com
National University of Asunción (UNA). (2012). Higher Education in Paraguay [Educación Superior en Paraguay]. Asunción: UNA. Available at: http://www.una.py/index.php/unidades-academicas/evaluacion-y-acreditacion/519-educacion-superior-en-paraguay
National University of Asunción (UNA), Health Sciences Research Institute. (2012). Current Agreements [Convenios y acuerdos vigentes]. Asunción: UNA. Available at: http://www.iics.una.py/index.php?view=article&id=135%3Aconvenios&tmpl=component&print=1&layout=default&page=&option=com_content&Itemid=133
National University of Asuncion (UNA), President Office, Planning and Development Department. (2014a). Management Report 2004–2013 [Informe de gestión 2004–2013]. Asunción: UNA.
National University of Asuncion (UNA), President Office, Planning and Development Department. (2014b). Paraguay in Numbers. Year 2013 [Paraguay – en cifras. Año 2013]. Asunción: UNA.
National University of Asuncion (UNA), President Office, Planning and Development Department. (2014c). Statistical Yearbook 2013 [Anuario estadÃstico 2013]. Asunción: UNA.
National University of Asunción [UNA: Universidad Nacional de Asunción], Dr. Andrés Barbero Institute. (n.d.). Record of Signed Agreements [Ficha de convenios firmados]. Asunción: UNA.
Para La Tierra. (2017). Home. Asuncion: Para La Tierra. Available at: http://www.paralatierra.org/index.html
Plurinational State of Bolivia. (2011). List of Public and Private Universities in Bolivia [Listado de Universidades Públicas y Privadas en Bolivia]. La Paz: Agency for the Development of Information Society in Bolivia. Available at: https://bolivia.gob.bo/index4.html
Plurinational State of Bolivia, Ministry of Education. (2013). National Science, Technology, and Innovation Plan [Plan Nacional de Ciencia, TecnologÃa e Innovación]. La Paz: Ministry of Education.
Plurinational State of Bolivia, Ministry of Education. (2016). Home [Internet]. La Paz: Ministry of Education. Available at: http://www.minedu.gob.bo/
Plurinational State of Bolivia, Vice Ministry of Science and Technology. (2016). Home [Internet]. La Paz: Vice Ministry of Science and Technology. Available at: http://www.cienciaytecnologia.gob.bo/
Program for Strategic Research in Bolivia [Programa de Investigación Estratégica en Bolivia]. (2016). PIEB. La Paz: PIEB. Available at: http://www.pieb.org/pieb_pieb.php
Quenta, E., Molina-RodrÃguez, J., Gonzales, K., Rebaudo, F., Casas, J., Jacobsen, D., & September, O. D. (2016). Direct and Indirect Effects on Aquatic Biodiversity in High Andean Peatlands. Global Change Biology, 22(9), 3196–3205. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13310.
Ramos, M. (2015). Who Are We? [¿Quiénes somos?]. Lima: Manuela Ramos. Available at: http://www.manuela.org.pe/
Republic of Paraguay. (2003, November 7). Law No. 2279: General Law of Science and Technology.
Republic of Paraguay. (2013, May 9). Law No. 4995: Law of Universities.
Republic of Paraguay, Ministry of Education and Culture. (2016). Description of Institutional Policy [Descripción de la PolÃtica Institucional]. Asunción: Ministry of Education and Culture. Available at: http://www.mec.gov.py/cms?ref=296221-descripcion-de-la-politica-institucional
Republic of Paraguay, National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT). (2016). Programs and Projects [Proyectos y programas]. Asunción: CONACYT. Available at: http://www.conacyt.gov.py/
Research Institute for Sustainable Development [IRD: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement]. (2016a). Biodiversity and Climate Change in High Tropical Andean Ecosystems [Biodiversidasd y cambio climático en los ecosistemas de altura de los Andes tropicales]. France: IRD. Available at: http://www.bolivia.ird.fr
Research Institute for Sustainable Development [IRD: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement]. (2016b). Biodiversity and People Facing Climate Change in Tropical Highland Wetlands. France: IRD. Available at: http://www.biothaw.ird.fr
Román, O. (2008). Political Participation and Leadership of Indigenous Women in Latin America. Case Study: Bolivia [Participación PolÃtica y Liderazgo de Mujeres IndÃgenas en América Latina. Estudio de Caso: Bolivia]. Cochabamba: CiudadanÃa, UNDP. Available at: http://www.ciudadaniabolivia.org/es/node/274
Román, O. (2012). Migration and Citizenship in Bolivia in the Latin American Context, State of the Question [Migración y CiudadanÃa en Bolivia en el Contexto Latinoamericano. Estado de la Cuestión]. Cochabamba: UMSS, CiudadanÃa. Available at: http://www.ciudadaniabolivia.org/es/node/284
Scientific Electronic Library Online SciELO Bolivia. (2015). Library Collection. La Paz: Ministry of Education, Vice Ministry of Science and Technology. Available online at: http://www.scielo.org.bo/scielo.php?script=sci_alphabetic&lng=en&nrm=iso
Scientific Electronic Library Online SciELO Paraguay. (2015). Library Collection. Asuncion: National University of Asuncion. Available online at: http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_alphabetic&lng=es&nrm=iso
Sos Faim. (2015). Family Farming in Bolivia. Brussels: Sos Faim. Available at: https://www.sosfaim.org/be/en/nos-actions/en-amerique-latine/bolivie/
The World Bank. (2015a). Data. Patent Applications, Nonresidents. Washington, DC: World Bank Group. Available online at: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IP.PAT.NRES/countries
The World Bank. (2015b). Data. Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP). Washington, DC: World Bank. Available online at: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS/countries
The World Bank. (2015c). Data. Researchers in R&D (Per Million People). Washington, DC: World Bank. Available online at: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.SCIE.RD.P6/countries
The World Bank. (2015d). Data. High-Technology Exports (Current US$). Washington, DC: World Bank. Available online at: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/TX.VAL.TECH.CD/countries
The World Bank. (2015e). Data. High-Technology Exports (% of Manufactured Exports). Washington, DC: World Bank. Available online at: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/TX.VAL.TECH.MF.ZS/countries
United Nations Development Programme (PNUD: Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo). (2016). UNDP in Bolivia [PNUD in Bolivia]. La Paz: PNUD. Available at: http://www.bo.undp.org/content/bolivia/es/home.html
Vargas Villazón, G. (Compilator). (2015). Cochabamba: Equality, Identity, and Citizenship [Cochabamba: Igualdad, Identidad y CiudadanÃa]. Cochabamba: CiudadanÃa, CERES, Los Tiempos. Available at: http://www.ciudadaniabolivia.org/es/node/548
We Effect, Swedish Cooperation Center. (2016). We Effect in Bolivia. Guatemala City: We Effect, Regional Office for Latin America. Available at: http://www.weeffect.org/es/donde-trabajamos/regional/bolivia/
Acknowledgments
The author is grateful to Daniel Moreno, founder and director of the think tank CiudadanÃa , for conceding an interview; Jill Perry, education professor at the University of Pittsburgh for sharing her contacts and books on Paraguay; Gustavo Gregorutti and Nanette Svenson, editors of this book for their feedback and patience.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Delgado, J.E. (2018). Small Fish in a Big Pond: Internationalization and Research Collaboration in Bolivia and Paraguay. In: Gregorutti, G., Svenson, N. (eds) North-South University Research Partnerships in Latin America and the Caribbean. International and Development Education. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75364-5_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75364-5_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-75363-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-75364-5
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)