Abstract
“The space radiation environment will be a critical consideration for everything in the astronauts’ daily lives, both on the journeys between Earth and Mars and on the surface. You’re constantly being bombarded by some amount of radiation.”
– Ruthan Lewis, architect and engineer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center
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The Apollo Command Module’s hull provided 8 g/cm2 of radiation protection. The space shuttle had 11 g/cm2, and the International Space Station has up to 15 g/cm2 in its most shielded areas. In contrast, a spacesuit has only 0.25 g/cm2.
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Seedhouse, E. (2018). Shielding. In: Space Radiation and Astronaut Safety. SpringerBriefs in Space Development. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74615-9_6
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