Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Gastrointestinal Perforation

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Acute Abdomen During Pregnancy

  • 1013 Accesses

Abstract

Gastrointestinal perforations of the upper gastrointestinal tract are extremely rare. Peptic ulcer symptoms decrease during pregnancy due to healthier maternal habits during pregnancy in addition to pregnancy-induced hormonal gastroprotection. On the contrary perforations of the lower intestinal tract are more common due to spontaneous, disease-induced, and postinterventional perforations. Aside of intestinal endometriosis-induced perforations, the most common are postinstrumental perforations for termination of pregnancy. This is seen in a form of transuterine bowel perforation and is more common in undeveloped and developing countries where illegal abortion is relatively frequent. It is a complex injury necessitating simultaneous obstetric and surgical management. Extension of bowel injury determines maternal outcome and quality of life.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Feng Z-C, Huangfu Y-M, Huang Z-J, et al. Analysis of tissue lipids of the ancient corpse of western Han dynasty unearthed from Tomb No. 168 on Phoenix Hill at Jiangling county [China]. Wuhan Yixueyuan Xuebao. 1980;9:11–5.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Baron J. Peptic ulcer. Mt Sinai J Med. 2000;67:58–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Mulsow FW, Brown W. Peptic ulcer complicating pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1936;31:1041–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ostensen H, Gudmundsen TE, Bolz K, et al. The incidence of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer in north Norway. A prospective epidemiological study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1985;20:189–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Rosenstock SJ, Jorgensen T. Prevalence and incidence of peptic ulcer disease in a Danish County—a prospective cohort study. Gut. 1995;36:819–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Wu HC, Tuo BG, Wu W, et al. Prevalence of peptic ulcer in dyspeptic patients and the influence of age, sex, and helicobacter pylori infection. Dig Dis Sci. 2008;53:2650–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Paimela H, Paimela L, Myllykangas-Luosujärvi R, et al. Current features of peptic ulcer disease in Finland: incidence of surgery, hospital admissions and mortality for the disease during the past twenty-five years. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2002;37:399–403.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Wang YR, Richter JE, Dempsey D. Trends and outcomes of hospitalizations for peptic ulcer disease in the United States, 1993 to 2006. Ann Surg. 2010;251:51–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Ahsberg K, Ye W, Lu Y, et al. Hospitalisation of and mortality from bleeding peptic ulcer in Sweden: a nationwide time-trend analysis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;33:578–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Cappell MS, Sidhom O. A multicenter, multiyear study of the safety and clinical utility of esophagogastroduodenoscopy in 20 consecutive pregnant females with follow-up of fetal outcome. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;88:1900–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Krueger KJ, Hoffman B. Radiation exposure during gastroenterologic fluoroscopy: risk assessment for pregnant workers. Am J Gastroenterol. 1992;87:429–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Baird R. Peptic ulceration in pregnancy: report of a case with perforation. CMAJ. 1966;94:861–2.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Sandweiss DJ, Podolsky HM, Saltzstein HC, et al. Deaths from perforation and hemorrhage of gastroduodenal ulcer during pregnancy and puerperium. A review of the literature and a report of one case. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1943;45:131–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Johnston J. Peptic ulcer and pregnancy; deaths from perforation and hemorrhage of peptic ulcer during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1953;2:290–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Durst JB, Klieger J. A report of a fatal hemorrhage due to peptic ulcer in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1955;70:448–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Great Britain. General Register Office: statistical review for England and Wales. Part III, Commentary. Table; deaths of women not classed to pregnancy or childbearing but certified as associated therewith, England and Wales. London; 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Great Britain. General Register Office: Statistical review of England and Wales, for the year 1961. Part I, table 17. London; 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Vasicka A, Lin TJ, Bright R. Peptic ulcer in pregnancy; review of hormonal relationships and a report of one case of massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1957;12:1–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Rachlin B. Duodenal ulcer in early pregnancy; report of two cases. Obstet Gynecol. 1957;10:684–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Heading R. Prevalence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms in the general population: a systematic review. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1999;231:3–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Camilleri M, Dubois D, Coulie B, et al. Prevalence and socioeconomic impact of functional gastroenterological disorders in the United States: results from the US Upper Gastrointestinal Study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;3:543–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Nagler R, Spiro H. Heartburn in late pregnancy: manometric studies of esophageal motor function. J Clin Invest. 1961;40:954–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Olans LB, Wolf J. Gastroesophageal reflux in pregnancy. Gastrointest Endosc Clin North Am. 1975;82:699–703.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hurst AF, Stewart M. Gastric and duodenal ulcer. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1929. 153 p.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Sandweiss DJ, Saltzstein HC, Farbman A. The relation of sex hormones to peptic ulcer. Am J Dig Dis. 1939;6:6–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Clark D. Peptic ulcer in women. BMJ. 1953;1:1254–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. James D. Peptic ulcer during pregnancy with a report of a case of perforation. BMJ. 1948;2:74–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Balint R. Ulcusproblem und Säurebasengleichgewicht. Berlin: S. Karger; 1927.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Nakai T. On the gastric juice of the pregnant women. Tokyo. J Biochem. 1925;5:465–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Strauss MB, Castle W. Studies of anemia in pregnancy; gastric secretion in pregnancy and puerperium. Am J Med Sci. 1932;184:655–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Artz F. Further observations on the gastric juice in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1930;20:382–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Murray FA, Erskine JP, Fielding J. Gastric secretion in pregnancy. J Obstet Gynec Br Emp. 1957;64:373–81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Barnes L. Serum histaminase during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1957;9:730–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Liepins KW, Ivy AC, Suzuki R. Effect of certain histaminase inhibitors on gastric secretion. Am J Phys. 1958;195:209–15.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Way S. Relation between gastric acidity and the anterior- pituitary-like hormone content of urine in pregnant women. BMJ. 1945;2:182–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. Montoneri C, Drago F. Effects of pregnancy in rats on cysteamine-induced peptic ulcers: role of progesterone. Dig Dis Sci. 1997;42:2572–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Truelove S. Stilboestrol phenobarbitone, and diet in chronic duodenal ulcer. A factorial therapeutic trial. BMJ. 1960;2:559–66.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Borri A. Ober magengeschwure im Klimakterium. Zbl Inn Med. 1904;25:689–96.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Kahlson G, Lilja B, Svensson S. Physiological protection against gastric ulceration during pregnancy and lactation in the rat. Lancet. 1964;2:1269–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Gryboski WA, Spiro H. The effect of pregnancy on gastric secretion. New Engl J Med. 1956;255:1131–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Ahimark A. Significance of blood histaminase in pregnancy. Lancet. 1944;2:406–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Horwich M. Perforated duodenal ulcer during pregnancy. BMJ. 1958;2:145.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  43. Kubícková Z, Veselý K. Fertility and reproduction in patients with duodenal ulcer. J Reprod Fertil. 1974;36:311–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Vergara M, Catalán M, Gisbert JP, Calvet X. Meta-analysis: role of Helicobacter pylori eradication in the prevention of peptic ulcer in NSAID users. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;21:1411–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Koivisto TT, Voutilainen ME, Färkkilä M. Effect of smoking on gastric histology in Helicobacter pylori-positive gastritis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2008;43:1177–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Donderici O, Temizhan A, Kucukbas T, et al. Effect of Ramadan on peptic ulcer complications. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1994;29:603–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Gali BM, Ibrahim AG, Chama CM, et al. Perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) in pregnancy during Ramadan fasting. Niger J Med. 2011;20:292–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Chabannes. No title. Lyon Med 1903;101:529.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Cappell M. Risks versus benefits of gastrointestinal endoscopy during pregnancy. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;8:610–34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. ASGE Standard of Practice Committee SA, Ben-Menachem T, Chandrasekhara V et al. No title. Guidel Endosc Pregnant Lact Women. 2012;76:18–24.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Bánhidy F, Dakhlaoui A, Puhó EH, et al. Peptic ulcer disease with related drug treatment in pregnant women and congenital abnormalities in their offspring. Congenit Anom. 2011;51:26–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Brunner G, Meyer H, Athmann C. Omeprazole for peptic ulcer disease in pregnancy. Digestion. 1998;59:651–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Acs N, Bánhidy F, Puhó EH, et al. A possible association between maternal dyspepsia and congenital rectal/anal atresia/stenosis in their children: a population-based case-control study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2009;88:1017–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Chen YH, Lin HC, Lou H. Increased risk of low birthweight, infants small for gestational age, and preterm delivery for women with peptic ulcer. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;202:164.e1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Knopp R. Hormone-mediated changes in nutrient metabolism in pregnancy: a physiological basis for normal fetal development. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997;817:251–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Scholl TO, Sowers M, Chen X, et al. Maternal glucose concentration influences fetal growth, gestation, and pregnancy complications. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;154:514–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Caruso A, Paradisi G, Ferrazzani S, et al. Effect of maternal carbohydrate metabolism on fetal growth. Obstet Gynecol. 1998;92:8–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Choung RS, Talley NJ. Epidemiology and clinical presentation of stress-related peptic damage and chronic peptic ulcer. Curr Mol Med. 2008;8:253–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Copper RL, Goldenberg RL, Das A, et al. The preterm prediction study: maternal stress is associated with spontaneous preterm birth at less than thirty-five weeks’ gestation. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996;175:1286–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Wadhwa PD, Sandman CA, Porto M, et al. The association between prenatal stress and infant birth weight and gestational age at birth: a prospective investigation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993;169:858–65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Frick G, Bremme K, Sjogren C, et al. Plasma levels of cholecystokinin and gastrin during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1990;69:317–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Mentagen CN, Moeller MD, Klotz A. Protection by pregnancy. Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. J Kans Med Soc. 1974;75:37–9.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Waddell WR, Leonsins AS, Zuidema G. Gastric secretory and other laboratory studies on two patients with Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. New Engl J Med. 1959;260:56–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Mayer A, Sheiner E, Holcberg G. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, treated with lansoprazole, during pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2007;276:171–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Ezeh UO, Narayan H. Pregnancy does not offer protection against Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1996;75:302–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Weber HC, Venzon DJ, Lin J, et al. Determinants of metastatic rate and survival in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: a prospective long-term study. Gastroenterology. 1995;108:1637–49.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Stewart CA, Termanini B, Sutliff V, et al. Management of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1997;176:224–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Jensen RT, Collen MJ, Allende H, et al. Cimetidine induced impotence and breast changes in patients with gastric hypersecretory states. New Engl J Med. 1983;308:883–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Parker S, Udani M, Gavaler JS, et al. Pre- and neonatal exposure to cimetidine but not ranitidine adversely affects adult sexual functioning of male rats. Neurobehav Toxicot Teratol. 1984;6:313–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Harper MA, McVeigh JE, Thompson W, et al. Successful pregnancy in association with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995;173:863–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Gøbel R, Symonds EL, Butler RN, et al. Association between Helicobacter pylori infection in mothers and birth weight. Dig Dis Sci. 2007;52:3049–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Peach HG, Bath NE, Farish S. Helicobacter pylori infection: an added stressor on iron status of women in the community. Med J Aust. 1998;169:188–90.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Weyermann M, Rothenbacher D, Gayer L, et al. Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in iron deficiency during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;192:548–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Barabino A. Helicobacter pylori-related iron deficiency anemia: a review. Helicobacter. 2002;7:71–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Bamford KB, Bickley J, Collins J, et al. Helicobacter pylori: comparison of DNA fingerprints provides evidence for intrafamilial infection. Gut. 1993;34:1348–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  76. Jacoby EB, Porter K. Helicobacter pylori infection and persistent hyperemesis gravidarum. Am J Perinatol. 1999;16:85–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Gurski MR, Gonzalez E, Brown E. Immunochemical localization of platelet-derived growth factor in placenta and its possible role in preeclampsia. J Investig Med. 1999;47:128–33.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Miragliotta G, Del-Prete R, Mosca A. Helicobacter pylori infection and coronary heart disease. Lancet. 1994;334:751.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Rossi G, Romagnoli S, Lauretti L, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection negatively influences pregnancy outcome in a mouse model. Helicobacter. 2004;9:152–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Segal ED, Cha J, Lo J, et al. Altered states: involvement of phosphorylated CagA in the induction of host cellular growth changes by Helicobacter pylori. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999;96:14559–64.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  81. Guiraldes E, Duarte I, Pena A, et al. Proinflammatory cytokine expression in gastric tissue from children with Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2001;33:127–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Curran D, Lorenz R, Czako P. Gastric outlet obstruction at 30 weeks’ gestation. Obstet Gynecol. 1999;93:851.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Goh JT, Flynn MB, Florin T. Active chronic peptic ulcer disease complicated by gastric outlet obstruction in pregnancy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1993;33:89–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Kochhar R, Kochhar S. Endoscopic balloon dilation for benign gastric outlet obstruction in adults. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2010;2:29–35.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  85. Cellan-Jones C. A rapid method of treatment in perforated duodenal ulcer. BMJ. 1929;36:1076–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. Mussey R. Operations of necessity during pregnancy. Mayo Clin Proc. 1927;2:156.

    Google Scholar 

  87. http://www.flickr.com/photos/trebore/2044146244/meta/.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Jennings D. Perforated peptic ulcer; changes in age incidence and sex-distribution in the last 150 years. Lancet. 1940;1:444–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. General R. Statistical reviews of England and Wales for the years 1900–59. 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  90. Anderson G. Pregnancy complicated by acute perforated peptic ulcer. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1942;43:883–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Vaira D, Menegatti M, Miglioli M. What is the role of Helicobacter pylori in complicated ulcer disease? Gastroenterology. 1997;113:S78–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Pulvertaft C. Peptic ulcer in town and country. Br J Prev Soc Med. 1959;13:131–8.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  93. McConnell DB, Baba GC, Deveney C. Changes in surgical treatment of peptic ulcer disease within a veterans hospital in the 1970s and the 1980s. Arch Surg. 1989;124:1164–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Møller MH, Adamsen S, Wøjdemann M, et al. Perforated septic ulcer: how to improve outcome? Scand J Gastroenterol. 2009;44:15–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Boey J, Wong J, Ong G. Bacteria and septic complications in patients with perforated duodenal ulcers. Am J Surg. 1982;143:635–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Susser M, Stein Z. Civilization and peptic ulcer. 1962. Int J Epidemiol. 2002;31:13–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Szenes A. Über den Einfluss der Schwangerschaft, der Menstruation, und des Klimakterium auf das Magen- und Duodenalgeschwür. Mitt Grenzgeb Med Chir. 1924;37:652–91.

    Google Scholar 

  98. Engemise S, Oshowo A, Kyei-Mensah A. Perforated duodenal ulcer in the puerperium. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009;279:407–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Howkins J. Br Surg Pract. 1950;7:116.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Scott W. Surgical complications during pregnancy and labour. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1945;49:494.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. Rider JA, Kirsner JB, Palmer W. Active duodenal ulcer in pregnancy. Gastroenterology. 1953;24:357–61.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Jones F. Haematemesis and melaena, with special reference to bleeding peptic ulcer. BMJ. 1947;2:441–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  103. Hooker R. Maternal mortality in New York City. A study of all puerperal deaths. New York Academy of Medicine Committee on Public Relations, 1930–1932. New York; 1933.

    Google Scholar 

  104. Strange S. Massive haemorrhage from duodenal ulcer in pregnancy. Proc R Soc Med. 1962;55:798–9.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  105. Ross I. Perforated ulcer in pregnancy. BMJ. 1958;2:693.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  106. Burkitt R. Perforated peptic ulcer in late pregnancy. BMJ. 1961;2:938–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  107. Lindell A, Tera H. Perforated gastroduodenal ulcer in late pregnancy, operated upon with survival of both mother and child. J Obstet Gynecol Br Emp. 1962;69:493–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Langmade C. Epigastric pain in pregnancy toxemias; a report of fatal peptic ulcers in toxemias. West J Surg Obstet Gynecol. 1956;64:540–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Baxter C. Peptic ulcer in pregnancy. BMJ. 1948;2:1037.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  110. Logan WD Jr, Hendee A. No title. Am Surg. 1962;28:728.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Winchester DP, Bancroft B. Perforated peptic ulcer in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1966;94:280–1.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Becker-Andersen H, Husfeldt V. Peptic ulcer in pregnancy report of two cases of surgically treated bleeding duodenal ulcer. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1971;50:391–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Erez O, Maymon E, Mazor M. Acute gastric ulcer perforation in a 35 weeks’ nulliparous patient with gastric banding. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191:1721–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Tew WL, Holliday RL, Phibbs G. Perforated duodenal ulcer in pregnancy with double survival. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1976;125:1151–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Paul M, Tew WL, Holliday R. Perforated peptic ulcer in pregnancy with survival of mother and child: case report and review of the literature. Can J Surg. 1976;19:427–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Goh JT, Sidhu M. Perforated duodenal ulcer-an unusual and often forgotten cause of an acute abdomen in pregnancy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1995;35:433.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Hsu CC, Liu YP, Lien W, et al. A pregnant woman presenting to the ED with Valentino’s syndrome. Am J Emerg Med. 2005;23:217–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Segal M. Peptic ulcer perforation in pregnancy. BMJ. 1959;1:1040.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  119. Essilfie P, Hussain M, Bolaji I. Perforated duodenal ulcer in pregnancy—a rare cause of acute abdominal pain in pregnancy: a case report and literature review. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2011;2011:263016.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  120. Ito F, Maruyama S, Fujimoto Y, Yamashita K. A case of perforated duodenal ulcer developed during early pregnancy. Adv Obstet Gynecol. 2011;63:488–92.

    Google Scholar 

  121. Ranganna H, Ks N, Biliangadi H. Duodenal perforation in a lady with twin gestation and severe preeclampsia. J Case Rep. 2013;3:349–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  122. Goel B, Rani J, Huria A, et al. Perforated duodenal ulcer—a rare cause of acute abdomen in pregnancy. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8:OD03–4.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  123. Amdeslasie F, Berhe Y, Gebremariam TT. Perforated duodenal ulcer in the third trimester of pregnancy. Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2015;3:164–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  124. Munro A, Jones P. Abdominal surgical emergencies in the puerperium. BMJ. 1975;4:691–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  125. Jones PF, McEwan AB, Bernard R. Haemorrhage and perforation complicating peptic ulcer in pregnancy. Lancet. 1969;2:350–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. McGarvey RN, Freeman JJ, Fox P. Perforated peptic ulcer in the puerperium. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1953;64:655–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  127. GaÄ­struk VV, Ponomarev AP, Slobodianiuk G. Stomach ulcer perforation in the early puerperal period. Vestn Khir Im I I Grek. 1980;125:81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Opitz C. The acute perforation of a stress ulcer in puerperium following eclampsia. (case report). Zentralbl Gynakol. 1971;93:388–90.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Murray A, Holdcroft A. Incidence and intensity of postpartum lower abdominal pain. BMJ. 1989;298:1619.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  130. McGarvey RN, Freeman JJ, Fox P. Perforated peptic ulcer in the puerperium. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1952;64:655–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. Parry G. Perforated duodenal ulcer in the puerperium. N Z Med J. 1974;80:448–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. Kaczmarek R. Peptic ulcer following Cesarean section. Pol Tyg Lek. 1970;25:1905–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Uchikova E, Uchikov A, Terzhumanov R, et al. Perforation of duodenal ulcer in the puerperium—a case report. Akush Ginekol (Sofiia). 2004;43:53–4.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Alabi-Isama L, Bolaji I, Essilfie P. Perforated duodenal ulcer in the puerperium—a rare cause of acute abdominal pain—case report and literature. Int J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;107:S414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  135. Sule EA, Omo-Aghoja L. Perforated duodenal ulcer in the immediate puerperium following caesarean section. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2010;30:633–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  136. Nazir S, Chung M, Malhotra V, et al. Peptic ulcer disease and duodenal perforation in a puerperium female: a case report and literature review. Baltimore: SAGES; 2013. p. 227.

    Google Scholar 

  137. Miles Dua S, Morrison C, Farrant J, et al. Postpartum pneumoperitoneum: an important clinical lesson. BMJ Case Rep. 2012;2012.

    Google Scholar 

  138. Maruyama S, Sato Y, Nakaki A, et al. Postpartum duodenal perforation after acute fatty liver of pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2016;36:58–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. Nikhat AF, Rudraiah H. A rare case report of perforated duodenal ulcer in puerperium peroid. Int J Sci Res. 2017;6:255–6.

    Google Scholar 

  140. Woodring JH, Heiser M. Detection of pneumoperitoneum on chest radiographs: comparison of upright lateral and posteroanterior projections. Am J Radiol. 1995;165:45–7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Larson JD, Patatanian E, Miner P, et al. Doubleblind, placebo controlled study of ranitidine for gastroesophageal reflux symptoms during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1997;90:83–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Finkelstein W, Isselbacker K. Cimetidine. New Engl J Med. 1978;229:992–6.

    Google Scholar 

  143. Briggs GG, Freeman RY, Yaffe S, editors. Drugs in pregnancy and lactation: a reference guide to fetal and neonatal risk. Baltimore: William and Wilkins; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  144. Magee LA, Inocencion G, Kamboj L, et al. Safety of first trimester exposure to histamine H2 blockers. A prospective cohort study. Dig Dis Sci. 1996;41:1145–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  145. Ruigomez A, Garcia Rodriguez LA, et al. Use of cimetidine, omeprazole, and ranitidine in pregnant women and pregnancy outcomes. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;150:476–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  146. Kalle B. Delivery outcomes after the use of acidsuppressing drugs in early pregnancy with special reference to omeprazole. BJOG. 1998;105:877–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  147. Morton D. Pharmacology and toxicity of nizatidine. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1987;22:S1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  148. Neubauer BL, Goode RL, Bert K, et al. Endocrine effects of a new histamine H2 receptor antagonist, nizatidine, in the male rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990;102:219–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  149. Prilosec (product information). Wilmington, DC; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  150. Wilton LV, Pearce GL, Martin R, et al. The outcomes of pregnancy in women exposed to newly marketed drugs in general practice in England. BJOG. 1998;105:882–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Nikfar S, Abdollahi M, Moretti ME, et al. Use of proton pump inhibitors during pregnancy and rates of major malformations: a meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci. 2002;47:1526–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  152. Nielsen GL, Sorensen HT, Thulctrup A, et al. The safety of proton pump inhibitors in pregnancy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999;13:1085–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Diav-Citrin O, Arnon J, Shechtman S, et al. The safety of proton pump inhibitors in pregnancy: a multicenter prospective controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;21:269–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. Somogyi A, Gugler R. Cimetidine excretion in breast milk. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1979;7:627–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  155. Courtney TP, Shaw RW, Cedar E, et al. Excretion of famotidine in breast milk. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1988;26:639.

    Google Scholar 

  156. Obermeyer BD, Bergstrom PF, Callagher J, et al. Secretion of nizatidine into human breast milk after single and multiple doses. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1990;47:724–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  157. Physician’s desk reference. 58th ed. Montvale: Medical Economics; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  158. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs. The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics. 1994;93:137–50.

    Google Scholar 

  159. Marshall JK, Thompson ABR, Armstrong D. Omeprazole for refractory gastroesophageal refl ux disease during pregnancy and lactation. Can J Gastroenterol. 1998;12:225–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  160. Sandemeier D, Lobrunus JA, Vial Y, et al. Bilateral Krukenberg tumor of the ovary during pregnancy. Eur J Gynecol Oncol. 1999;21:58–60.

    Google Scholar 

  161. Ueo H, Okudaira Y, Hirabayashi M. Gastric cancer associated with pregnancy. A case report of early gastric cancer and review of 100 cases in Japan. J Jpn Soc Clin Surg. 1989;50:312–8.

    Google Scholar 

  162. Kodama I, Takeda J, Koufuji K, et al. Gastric cancer during pregnancy. Kurume Med J. 1997;44:179–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  163. Fujimura M, Fukunda K. Gastric cancer associated with pregnancy. J Kinki Obstet. 1916;3:208.

    Google Scholar 

  164. Jaspers VK, Gillessen A, Quakernack K. Gastric cancer in pregnancy: do pregnancy, age or female sex alter the prognosis? Case reports and review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1999;87:13–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  165. Sakamoto K, Kanda T, Ohashi M, et al. Management of patients with pregnancy-associated gastric cancer in Japan: a mini-review. Int J Clin Oncol. 2009;14:392–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  166. Maeda S, Takigawa J, Toyoyama H, et al. Two cases of gastric cancer during pregnancy. Surgery. 2007;69:1077–80.

    Google Scholar 

  167. Yoshida M, Matsuda H, Furuya K. Successful prognosis of pregnancy with gastric cancer in the second trimester: a case report. J Jpn Soc Perinat Neonat. 2007;43:140–2.

    Google Scholar 

  168. Krukenberg F. Ãœber das Fibrosarcoma Ovarii mucocellulare (Carcinomatodes). Arch Gynacol. 1896;50:287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  169. Yakushiji M, Tazaki T, Nishumura H, et al. Krukenberg tumors of the ovary: a clinicopathologic analysis of 112 cases. Acta Obstet Gynaec Jpn. 1987;3:479–85.

    Google Scholar 

  170. Bhankar H, Goyal S, Tyagi N, et al. Incidentally diagnosed Krukenberg tumor in pregnancy: a rare presentation with dismal outcome. Clin Cancer Investig J. 2016;5:196–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Khatib F, Shaya M, Samueloff A. Gastric carcinoma with metastasis to the placenta and amniotic fluid: case report and review of the literature. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2003;107:208–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  172. Kath R, Fiehler J, Schneider CP, et al. Gastric cancer in very young adults: apropos four patients and a review of the literature. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2000;126:233–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  173. Maeta M, Yamashiro H, Oka A, et al. Gastric cancer in the young, with special reference to 14 pregnancy-associated cases: analysis based on 2,325 consecutive cases of gastric cancer. Surg Oncol. 1995;58:191–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Furukawa H, Iwanaga T, Hicatsuka M, et al. Gastric cancer in young adults: growth accelerating effect of pregnancy and delivery. Surg Oncol. 1994;55:3–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Hornung M, Vogel P, Schubert T, et al. A case of virilization induced by a Krukenberg tumor from gastric cancer. World J Surg Oncol. 2008;6:19.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  176. Davis JL, Chen M. Gastric carcinoma presenting as an exacerbation of ulcers during pregnancy. J Reprod Med. 1991;36:450–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  177. Kim SH, Abd Halim SR, Siddiqui N, et al. Disseminated cancer in pregnancy: krukenberg tumour. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2014;2014:216969.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  178. Mahfoud T, Elhassani ME, di Hafi M, et al. Krukenberg tumor secondary to gastric carcinoma in a pregnant woman: a case report and literature review. Biol Biomed Rep. 2012;2:32–6.

    Google Scholar 

  179. Furukawa H, Iwanaga T, Hiratsuka M, et al. Gastric cancer in young adults: growth accelerating effect of pregnancy and delivery. J Surg Oncol. 1994;55:3–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  180. Fazeny B, Marosi C. Gastric cancer as an essential differential diagnosis of minor epigastric discomfort during pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1998;77:469–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  181. Yildirim Y, Erkan N, Avci E, et al. Perforated gastric cancer complicating early postpartum period of pregnancy. Acta Chir Belg. 2009;109:534–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  182. Ando H, Maeda S, Kameoka N, et al. A case of perforated gastric cancer associated with pregnancy that was recognized at caesarean operation. J Abdom Emerg Med. 2007;27:777–9.

    Google Scholar 

  183. Shomura Y, Murabayashi K, Hayashi M, et al. A resected case of juvenile gastric cancer causing perforation during the course of the observation of pregnancy and an ovarian tumor. J Jpn Soc Clin Surg. 1995;56:741–5.

    Google Scholar 

  184. Kishikawa H, Nishiwaki N, Ito K, et al. Perforated gastric cancer associated with the delivery which is misdiagnosed as abruption of placenta. Jpn Soc Clin Surg. 1992;53:2986–9.

    Google Scholar 

  185. Louw JT, Louw J. Extra-genital surgical emergencies of the abdomen in pregnancy. S Afr Med J. 1954;28:788–93.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  186. Carson J. Edinb Med Surg J. 1846;66:25–31.

    Google Scholar 

  187. Glassman O. Subcutaneous rupture of the stomach, traumatic & spontaneous. Ann Surg. 1929;89:247–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  188. Miller J. Spontaneous rupture of the stomach during labor. New Engl J Med. 1933;209:1085–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  189. Christoph RF, Pinkham E. Unexpected rupture of the stomach in the postpartum period: a case report. Ann Surg. 1961;154:100–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  190. Fiester RF, Zinn L. Spontaneous gastric rupture during pregnancy (case report). W V Med J. 1975;71:110.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  191. Seon Cha A, Krew MA, Tamlyn T, et al. Gastric rupture associated with pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2002;100:1072–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  192. Morton JH, Hubbard L. Unexpected intestinal rupture in association with pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1959;14:214–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  193. Burket G. Spontaneous rupture of the stomach: report of a case. JAMA. 1949;139:27–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Revilliod E. Rupture de l’estomac. Rev Med Suisse Romai. 1885;5:5–13.

    Google Scholar 

  195. Chapius G, Tabrizian M, Saegesser F. Ruptures spontanees de l’oesophage et de l’estomac et syndrome de Mallory-Weiss. Schweiz Med Wshr. 1970;100:1060–6.

    Google Scholar 

  196. Albo R, de Lorimier A, Silen W. Spontaneous rupture of the stomach in the adult. Surgery. 1963;53:797–805.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  197. Millar TM, Bruce J, Paterson J. Spontaneous rupture of the stomach. Br J Surg. 1957;44:513–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  198. Skarstein A, Lekven J. Influence of gastric banding on stomach blood supply with or without concurrent splenectomy. Am J Surg. 1985;149:351–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  199. Weiss HG, Nehoda H, Labeck B, et al. Pregnancies after adjustable gastric banding. Obes Surg. 2001;11:303–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  200. Mabrouk M, Spagnolo E, Raimondo D, et al. Segmental bowel resection for colorectal endometriosis: is there a correlation between histological pattern and clinical outcomes? Hum Reprod. 2012;27:1314–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  201. Remorgida V, Ferrero S, Fulcheri E, et al. Bowel endometriosis: presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2007;62:461–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  202. Garg NK, Bagul NB, Doughan S, et al. Intestinal endometriosis-A rare cause of colonic perforation. World J Gastroenterol. 2009;15:612–4.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  203. Yantiss RK, Clement PB, Young RH. Endometriosis of the intestinal tract: a study of 44 cases of a disease that may cause diverse challenges in clinical and pathologic evaluation. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;25:445–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  204. De Cicco C, Corona R, Schonman R, et al. Bowel resection for deep endometriosis: a systematic review. BJOG. 2011;118:285–91.

    Google Scholar 

  205. Schweitzer KJ, van Bekkum E, de Groot C. Endometriosis with intestinal perforation in term pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2006;93:152–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  206. Cameron IC, Rogers S, Collins MC, et al. Intestinal endometriosis: presentation, investigation, and surgical management. Int J Color Dis. 1995;10:83–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Decker D, König J, Wardelmann E, et al. Terminal ileitis with sealed perforation—a rare complication of intestinal endometriosis: case report and short review of the literature. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2004;269:294–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  208. D’Hooghe TM, Denys B, Spiessens C, et al. Is the endometriosis recurrence rate increased after ovarian hyperstimulation? Fertil Steril. 2006;86:283–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  209. van der Houwen LE, Mijatovic V, Leemhuis E, et al. Efficacy and safety of IVF/ICSI in patients with severe endometriosis after long-term pituitary down-regulation. Reprod Biomed Online. 2014;28:39–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  210. Benaglia L, Somigliana E, Vercellini P, et al. The impact of IVF procedures on endometriosis recurrence. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2010;148:49–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  211. Benaglia L, Somigliana E, Santi G, et al. IVF and endometriosis-related symptom progression: insights from a prospective study. Hum Reprod. 2011;26:2368–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  212. Costa A, Sartini A, Garibaldi S, et al. Deep endometriosis induced spontaneous colon rectal perforation in pregnancy: laparoscopy is advanced tool to confirm diagnosis. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2014;2014:907150.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  213. Albareda J, Albi MV, Sosa G, et al. Puerperal ileal perforation secondary to endometriosis: case report and literature review. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;55:121–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  214. Beamish, RE; Aslam, R; Gilbert J. Postpartum caecal perforation due to endometriosis. JRSM Short Rep. 2010;1:61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  215. Pisanu A, Deplano D, Angioni S, et al. Rectal perforation from endometriosis in pregnancy: case report and literature review. World J Gastroenterol. 2010;16:648–51.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  216. Haufler F. Unusual complication of pregnancy due to heterotopic endometriosis in the small intestine. Virchows Arch. 1931;280:822–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  217. Nishikawa A, Kondoh E, Hamanishi J, et al. Ileal perforation and massive intestinal haemorrhage from endometriosis in pregnancy: case report and literature review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2013;170:20–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  218. Clement P. Perforation of the sigmoid colon during pregnancy: a rare complication of endometriosis. Case report. BJOG. 1977;84:548–50.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  219. Rud B. Colonic endometriosis with perforation during pregnancy. Ugeskr Laeger. 1979;141:2831–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  220. Floberg J, Bäckdahl M, Silferswärd C, Thomassen P. Postpartum perforation of the colon due to endometriosis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1984;63:183–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  221. McArthur JW, Ulfelder H. The effect of pregnancy upon endometriosis. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1965;20:709–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  222. Faucheron JL, Pasquier D, Voirin D. Endometriosis of the vermiform appendix as an exceptional cause of acute perforated appendicitis during pregnancy. Color Dis. 2008;10:518–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  223. King A. Uterine leukocytes and decidualization. Hum Reprod Update. 2000;6:28–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  224. Remorgida V, Ragni N, Ferrero S, et al. The involvement of the interstitial Cajal cells and the enteric nervous system in bowel endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2005;20:264–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  225. Seracchioli R, Mabrouk M, Guerrini M, et al. Dyschezia and posterior deep infiltrating endometriosis: analysis of 360 cases. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2008;15:695–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  226. Ferrero S, Abbamonte LH, Remorgida V, et al. Irritable bowel syndrome and endometriosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;17:687.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  227. Greenhaigh R. Particulars of a case of Cesarean operation. Lancet. 1866;2:203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  228. Warren R. Carcinoma of the rectum and pregnancy. Br J Surg. 1957;45:61–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  229. Girard RM, Lamarche J, Baillot R. Carcinoma of the colon associated with pregnancy: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum. 1981;24:473–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  230. Bacon HE, Rowe R. Abdominoperineal proctosigmoidectomy for rectal cancer complicating pregnancy: report of four cases. South Med J. 1947;44:471–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  231. Sadugor M. Carcinoma of the rectum complicating pregnancy. Calif Med. 1949;70:489.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  232. Cappell MS. Colon cancer during pregnancy: the gastroenterologist’s perspective. Gastroenterol Clin N Am. 1998;27:225–56.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  233. Bernstein MA, Madoff RD, Caushaj PF. Colon and rectal cancer in pregnancy. Dis Colon Rectum. 1993;36:172–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  234. Nash A. Perforated large bowel carcinoma in late pregnancy (two cases). Proc R Soc Med. 1967;60:504.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  235. Walsh C, Fazio VW. Cancer of the colon, rectum, and anus during pregnancy. The surgeon’s perspective. Gastroenterol Clin N Am. 1998;27:257–67.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  236. Slattery ML, Samowitz WS, Holden JA. Estrogen and progesterone receptors in colon tumors. Am J Clin Pathol. 2000;113:364–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  237. Singh S, Sheppard MC, Langman MJS. Sex differences in the incidence of colorectal cancer: an exploration of oestrogen and progesterone receptors. Gut. 1993;34:611–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  238. Lamerz R, Ruider H. Significance of CEA determinations in patients with cancer of the colon-rectum and the mammary gland in comparison to physiological states in connection with pregnancy. Bull Cancer. 1976;63:575–86.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  239. Fletcher RH. Carcinoembryonic antigen. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:66–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  240. Minter A, Malik R, Ledbetter L, et al. Colon cancer in pregnancy. Cancer Control. 2005;12:196–202.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  241. Covens AL, der Putten HWHM V, Fyles AW, et al. Laparoscopic ovarian transposition. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 1996;17:177–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  242. Farber LA, Ames JW, Rush S, et al. Laparoscopic ovarian transposition to preserve ovarian function before pelvic radiation and chemotherapy in a young patient with rectal cancer. Med Gen Med. 2005;7:66.

    Google Scholar 

  243. Morice P, Thiam-Ba R, Castaigne D, et al. Fertility results after ovarian transposition for pelvic malignancies treated by external irradiation or brachytherapy. Hum Reprod. 1998;13:660–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  244. Treissman MJ, Miller D, McComb PF. Laparoscopic lateral ovarian transposition. Fertil Steril. 1996;65(0015–0282 (Print)):1229–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  245. Tulandi T, Al-Took S. Laparoscopic ovarian suspension before irradiation. Fertil Steril. 1998;70:381–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  246. Tinga DJ, Dolsma WV, Tamminga R, et al. Preservation of ovarian function in 2 young women with Hodgkin disease by laparoscopic transposition of the ovaries prior to abdominal irradiation. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1999;143:308–12.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  247. Chan YM, Ngai SW, Lao TT. Colon cancer in pregnancy. A case report. J Reprod Med. 1999;44:733–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  248. Woods JB, Martin JN Jr, Ingram FH, et al. Pregnancy complicated by carcinoma of the colon above the rectum. Am J Perinatol. 1992;9:102–10.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  249. Isbister WH, Fraser J. Large-bowel cancer in the young: a national survival study. Dis Colon Rectum. 1990;33:363–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  250. Pavy F. Dilatation and rupture of the sigmoid flexure. BMJ. 1894;1:301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  251. Maurer CA, Renzulli P, Mazzucchelli L, et al. Use of accurate diagnostic criteria may increase incidence of stercoral perforation of the colon. Dis Colon Rectum. 2000;43:991–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  252. Russell W. Stercoraceous ulcer. Am Surg. 1976;42:416–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  253. Sung JF, Salvay HB, Hansman MF, et al. Stercoral perforation of the colon with favorable pregnancy outcome. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;113:491–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  254. Matsushita T, Yumoto Y, Fukushima K, et al. Stercoral perforation of the colon during pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2011;37:1685–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  255. Serpell JW, Nicholls RJ. Stercoral perforation of the colon. Br J Surg. 1990;77:1325–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  256. Elliot MS, Jeffery P. Stercoral perforation of the large bowel. J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1980;25:38–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  257. Kasahara Y, Matsumoto H, Umemura H, et al. Idiopathic perforation of the sigmoid colon in Japan. World J Surg. 1981;5:125–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  258. Friedman M, Zimmer EZ, Graubard Z. Mesenteric vein thrombosis associated with oral contraceptive administration during pregnancy. Ann Chir Gynaecol. 1984;73:296–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  259. Quancard X, Melon B. Post-partum development of a mesenteric venous infarct and portal thrombosis in a young woman taking an oral contraceptive. J Mal Vasc. 1981;6:307–3011.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  260. Charles A, Domingo S, Goldfadden A, et al. Small bowel ischemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass complicated by pregnancy: a case report. Am Surg. 2005;71:231–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  261. Jawahar D, Leo PJ, Anandarao N, et al. Cocaine-associated intestinal gangrene in a pregnant woman. Am J Emerg Med. 1997;15:510–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  262. Laguardia KD, Rotholz MV, Belfort P. A 10-year review of maternal mortality in a municipal hospital in Rio de Janeiro: a cause for concern. Obstet Gynecol. 1990;75:27–32.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  263. Bhattacharya S, Mukherjee G, Mistri P, et al. Safe abortion—Still a neglected scenario: a study of septic abortions in a tertiary hospital of Rural India. Online J Heal Allied Sci. 2010;9.

    Google Scholar 

  264. Sedgh G, Henshaw S, Singh S, et al. Induced abortion: estimated rates and trends worldwide. Lancet. 2007;370:1338–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  265. Mabula JB, Chalya PL, McHembe MD, et al. Bowel perforation secondary to illegally induced abortion: a tertiary hospital experience in Tanzania. World J Emerg Surg. 2012;7:29.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  266. Imoedemhe DAG, Ezimokhai M, Okpere EE, et al. Intestinal injuries following induced abortion. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 1984;22:303–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  267. Jain V. Unsafe abortion: a neglected tragedy. Review from a tertiary care hospital in India. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2004;30:197–201.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  268. Naib JM, Siddiqui MI, Afridi B. A review of septic induced abortion cases in one year at Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2004;16:59–62.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  269. Rana A, Pradhan N, Gurung G, et al. Induced septic abortion: a major factor in maternal mortality and morbidity. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2004;30:3–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  270. Oludiran OO, Okonofua F. Morbidity and mortality from bowel injury secondary to induced abortion. Afr J Reprod Health. 2003;7:65–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  271. Coffman S. Bowel injury as a complication of induced abortion: a case report and literature review. Am Surg. 2001;67:924–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  272. Zaheer F, Malik KA, Uzma K, et al. Bowel injuries following unsafe abortion: the surgeon’s perspective. Khyber Med Univ. 2014;6:73–7.

    Google Scholar 

  273. Rehman A, Fatima S, Gangat S, et al. Bowel injuries secondary to induced abortion: a dilemma. Pak J Surg. 2007;23:122–5.

    Google Scholar 

  274. Okobia MN, Osime U, Ehigiegba A. Intestinal injuries from complicated abortion—a report of five cases. Nig J Clin Pr. 1999;2:61–4.

    Google Scholar 

  275. Osime U. Intestinal injury following induced abortion. A report of 4 cases. Nig Med J. 1978;8:378–80.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  276. Loverro G, Cormio G, Greco P, et al. Perforation of the sigmoid colon during pregnancy: a rare complication of endometriosis. J Gynaecol Surg. 1999;15:155–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

    Goran Augustin

  2. Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

    Goran Augustin

Authors
  1. Goran Augustin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Augustin, G. (2018). Gastrointestinal Perforation. In: Acute Abdomen During Pregnancy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72995-4_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72995-4_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-72994-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-72995-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation