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Water Futures and Solutions: Options to Enhance Water Security in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Systems Analysis Approach for Complex Global Challenges

Abstract

Background and Significance of the topic: Water security is one of the greatest health, ecological, environmental, and human rights challenges of our time. Africa sits at the epicenter of this quandary, with the need to build resilience into already over allocated water resources. This chapter focuses on Sub-Saharan Africa and stresses the inter-related physical and social dimensions that underpin water security. The chapter highlights the value of engaging stakeholders through meaningful dialogue towards outcome oriented and adaptable governance strategies. Methodology: A desktop review was conducted to provide an overview of the challenges and opportunities to advance water security in Africa. Application/relevance to systems analysis: While Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) has been adopted to various degrees around the world, it is still in its infancy in sub-Saharan Africa. Additional research, ground-truthing, and on-the-ground field experience are necessary for tailoring IWRM to meet the individual and collective water security challenges that confront Sub-Saharan African countries. Policy and/or practice implications: The feasibility of applying evidence-based decision-making is enhanced by technology developments and advances in data collection, validation, curation, and interoperability. Discussion and conclusion: Water security is a global imperative and sub-Saharan Africa can benefit from ‘lessons learned’ to implement short-term and long-term strategies.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Of the many water poverty indices developed, the most notable is that conceptualized by Lawrence et al. (2002). Their composite water poverty index has three components namely, water availability, access to safe water and sanitation, and time and effort to collect domestic water.

  2. 2.

    http://www.iiasa.ac.at/web/home/research/water-futures.html.

  3. 3.

    The clean-up of the Rhine river (Malle 1996) is an example of a successful water management strategy.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) of Laxenburg in Austria through the funded joint collaborative capacity building research program of the Southern African Young Scientists Summer Program (SA-YSSP) which was designed to develop capacity in systems analysis and expose scholars to an array of additional competencies and skills required to be successful in knowledge-driven societies. The Fulbright Specialist Program also provided collaboration opportunities. The authors appreciate the helpful and thoughtful comments provided by the reviewers.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental and Water Sciences Program, Department of Earth Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, 7535, Bellville, South Africa

    Thokozani Kanyerere, Audrey D. Levine & Jacqueline Goldin

  2. Water Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz 1, Laxenburg, Austria

    Sylvia Tramberend

  3. University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA

    Audrey D. Levine

  4. Department of Water and Sanitation, Surface and Groundwater Information, Pretoria, South Africa

    Portia Mokoena

  5. Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa

    Paul Mensah

  6. School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Private Bag X 11283, 1200, Mpumalanga, South Africa

    Wisemen Chingombe

  7. Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Sumbul Fatima

  8. International Institute for Population Science, Mumbai, India

    Mayank Prakash

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    David Katerere

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    Sepo Hachigonta

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    Andreas Roodt

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Kanyerere, T. et al. (2018). Water Futures and Solutions: Options to Enhance Water Security in Sub-Saharan Africa. In: Mensah, P., Katerere, D., Hachigonta, S., Roodt, A. (eds) Systems Analysis Approach for Complex Global Challenges. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71486-8_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71486-8_6

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