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How Self-Service Happened: The Vision and Reality of Changing Market Practices in Britain

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Imagining Britain’s Economic Future, c.1800–1975

Abstract

Self-service has become a normative practice in most UK shops, and in wider society and its attitudes. Self-service is the heartbeat of a liberal economy and consumer society. Yet before 1942, self-service did not exist in the UK. How did it become such a routine part of market activity? This chapter explores the role of distribution and the public reception of self-service. Drawing on a range of sources, it disturbs the assumptions in the existing literature that the concept was an American import and model, and naturally popular with shoppers. It offers a more integrated account of how markets operated and were perceived—from the supply chain to retailers to consumers, and from structural and logistical issues to the emotions and instincts of the shopping public.

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Notes

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  5. 5.

    For instance, in E. Rappaport, S. Dawson, M. Crowley eds., Consuming behaviours: identity, politics and pleasure in C20th Britain (London, 2015).

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    M. Levinson, The great A&P (New York, 2012), pp. 170–171.

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  20. 20.

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  21. 21.

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  22. 22.

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  23. 23.

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  24. 24.

    On Lewisham, SA/BR/22/L/14; ‘Lewisham’s new self-service shop’, JS Journal, Sep 1955, pp. 6–9; ‘Sainsbury’s Stop Delivery and Credit from October 1,’ The Grocer, 10 Sep 1955, p. 6; B. Williams, The best butter in the world (London, 1994), p. 137.

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  26. 26.

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  36. 36.

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  37. 37.

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  38. 38.

    Corina, Pile it high, pp. 116, 130.

  39. 39.

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  40. 40.

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  41. 41.

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  42. 42.

    Mass Observation, Buyer’s market, p. vii; Progressive Grocer, Dec 1948, p. 53; BMRB, Shopping in suburbia, p. 42.

  43. 43.

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  44. 44.

    The Times, 21 Jan 1957; Manchester Guardian, 30 Aug 1958.

  45. 45.

    Usherwood, ‘Mrs. housewife’, p. 121.

  46. 46.

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  47. 47.

    The Times, 6 Jun 1958; The Grocer, 16 Jun 1956.

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  49. 49.

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  50. 50.

    Times (21 Jan. 1957); Levinson, The great A&P, p. 208.

  51. 51.

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  52. 52.

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  53. 53.

    Mathias, Retailing revolution, pp. 389, 395–396; Zimmerman, Super market, p. 64; on Spar, LPE ‘Developments in the grocery trade’.

  54. 54.

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  55. 55.

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  56. 56.

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  57. 57.

    The Economist, 21 Aug 1955; The Grocer (centenary edition, 1962).

  58. 58.

    Zimmerman, The Super market, pp. 289–298; BMRB, Self-service in Britain, pp. 6–7.

  59. 59.

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Black, L., Spain, T. (2018). How Self-Service Happened: The Vision and Reality of Changing Market Practices in Britain. In: Thackeray, D., Thompson, A., Toye, R. (eds) Imagining Britain’s Economic Future, c.1800–1975. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71297-0_8

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