Skip to main content

Nerve Entrapment Syndromes

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 1335 Accesses

Abstract

Entrapment neuropathy is the most frequent mono-neuropathy encountered in clinical practice. It is defined as a pressure-induced injury to a peripheral nerve usually by fibrous bands and ligaments at the level of fibro-osseous canals where the nerve runs.

The most common US finding of compression neuropathies concern fibrillar echotexture alterations and nerve thickness modifications, both due to the oedema, inflammation with hypervascularization, secondary remyelination, and fibrosis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Suggested Readings

  • Ali ZS, Pisapia JM, Ma TS, Zager EL, Heuer GG, Khoury V. Ultrasonographic evaluation of peripheral nerves. World Neurosurg. 2016;85:333–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hussain A, Winterton RIS. Peripheral nerve entrapment syndromes of the upper limb. Surgery. 2016;34(3):134–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bendszus M, Wessig C, Schultz A, et al. Assessment of nerve degeneration by gadofluorine M-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Neurol. 2005;57(3):388–95.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown JM, Yablon CM, Morag Y, Brandon CJ, Jacobson JA. US of the peripheral nerves of the upper extremity: a landmark approach. Radiographics. 2016;36(2):452–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caliandro P, La Torre G, Padua R, Giannini F, Padua L. Treatment for ulnar neuropathy at the elbow. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;11:CD006839.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cass S. Upper extremity nerve entrapment syndromes in sports: an update. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2014;13(1):16–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cheatham SW, Kolber MJ, Salamh PA. Meralgia paresthetica: a review of the literature. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2013;8(6):883–93.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Craig A. Entrapment neuropathies of the lower extremity. PMR. 2013;5(5 Suppl):S31–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dahlin LB. Aspects on pathophysiology of nerve entrapments and nerve compression injuries. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 1991;2(1):21–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferkel E, Davis WH, Ellington JK. Entrapment neuropathies of the foot and ankle. Clin Sports Med. 2015;34(4):791–801.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ferrante MA, Ferrante ND. The thoracic outlet syndromes: part 1. Overview of the thoracic outlet syndromes and review of true neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 2017 Jun;55(6):782–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hobson-Webb LD, Juel VC. Common entrapment neuropathies. Continuum. 2017;23(2):487–511.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kutlar N, et al. Diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome with Doppler ultrasonography: a comparison of ultrasonographic measurements and electrophysiological severity. Neurol Res. 2017;39(2):126–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Martinoli C, Tagliafico A, Bianchi S, et al. Peripheral nerve abnormalities, ultrasound clinics. Musculoskelet Ultrasound. 2007;2(4):655–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neal S, Fields KB. Peripheral nerve entrapment and injury in the upper extremity. Am Fam Physician. 2010;81(2):147–55.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Padua L, Coraci D, Erra C, Pazzaglia C, Paolasso I, Loreti C, Caliandro P, Hobson-Webb LD. Carpal tunnel syndrome: clinical features, diagnosis, and management. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15(12):1273–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strohl AB, Zelouf DS. Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome, Radial Tunnel Syndrome, Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome, and Pronator Syndrome. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2017;25(1):e1–e10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Filomena Puntillo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Puntillo, F., Bertini, L. (2018). Nerve Entrapment Syndromes. In: Silvestri, E., Martino, F., Puntillo, F. (eds) Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Nerve Blocks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71020-4_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71020-4_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-71019-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-71020-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics