Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Political Mistakes and Policy Failures in International Relations pp 55–77Cite as

Palgrave Macmillan

The Social Construction of Mistakes: Germany’s Abstention on UN Security Council Resolution 1973 on Libya

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

The chapter explores how Germany’s abstention in the UN Security Council vote on Resolution 1973 in March 2011 regarding the military intervention in Libya was constituted as a mistake in German media reporting. To this purpose, we introduce narrative analysis as a discourse-analytical method for investigating the social construction of foreign policy mistakes. Based on insights from literary studies and Narratology, the chapter suggests that stories of mistakes have a number of key elements, including a particular setting which defines appropriate behaviour, the negative characterization of agents as well as an emplotment of mistakes through the attribution of cause and responsibility.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    This chapter is based on research done in Oppermann and Spencer (2016).

  2. 2.

    Welt, ‘Endlich wieder Vorsitzender’, 13 July 2011, p. 9.

  3. 3.

    TAZ, ‘Was globale Verantwortung heißt’, 2 July 2011, p. 10.

  4. 4.

    Welt, ‘Endlich wieder Vorsitzender’, p. 9.

  5. 5.

    Ibid.

  6. 6.

    Ibid.

  7. 7.

    TAZ, ‘Was globale Verantwortung heißt’, p. 10.

  8. 8.

    Welt, ‘Endlich wieder Vorsitzender’, p. 9.

  9. 9.

    Zeit, ‘Der steinerne Gast’, 7 April 2011, p. 4.

  10. 10.

    Norbert Lammert cited in: Welt, Regierung rechtfertigt den deutschen Sonderweg’, 21 March 2011, p. 4.

  11. 11.

    Wolfgang Ischinger cited in: Welt, ‘Regierung rechtfertigt’, p. 4.

  12. 12.

    Guido Westerwelle, cited in: Deutsche Welle, ‘Germany Defends Cautious Approach to Libya, Denies Isolation’, 21 March 2011, available at: http://www.dw.de/germany-defends-cautious-approach-to-libya-denies-isolation/a-14926360-1. [19 February2014].

  13. 13.

    Guido Westerwelle, Plenarprotokoll 17/95, Deutscher Bundestag, 16 March 2011.

  14. 14.

    Interview with Guido Westerwelle, Deutschlandfunk, 17 March 2011, available at: http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/DE/Infoservice/Presse/Interviews/2011/110317_BM_DLF.html [29 January 2014].

  15. 15.

    Interview with Guido Westerwelle, Berliner Zeitung, 14 April 2011, available at: http://www.bundesregierung.de/statisch/nato/nn_683358/Content/DE/Interview/2011/04/2011-04-14-westerwelle-berliner-zeitung.html [29 January 2014].

  16. 16.

    SZ, ‘Die Deutschen und der Krieg in Libyen.’, 27 July 2011.

  17. 17.

    FAZ, ‘Die Isolierung des Systems Westerwelle’, 19 March 2011, p. 4.

  18. 18.

    Tagesspiegel, ‘Deutsche nach Libyen?’, 11 June 2011, p. 1.

  19. 19.

    Welt, ‘Endlich wieder Vorsitzender’, p. 9.

  20. 20.

    Welt, ‘Diplomatischer Totalschaden’, 21 March 2011, p. 3.

  21. 21.

    Tagesspiegel, ‘Die Sanktionen müssen schnell verhängt werden’, 30 April 2011, p. 4.

  22. 22.

    SZ, ‘Libyen, Westerwelle und Deutschlands Enthaltung’, 18 March 2011.

  23. 23.

    Zeit, ‘Vernagelt. Deutschlands Verbündete sind entsetzt über Berlins Außenpolitik’, 14 July 2011, p. 9.

  24. 24.

    Welt, ‘Diplomatischer Totalschaden’, p. 3.

  25. 25.

    SZ, ‘Großer Groll auf beiden Seiten’, 31 March 2011, p. 8.

  26. 26.

    Welt, ‘Westerwelle nur noch Minister auf Bewährung’, 29 August 2011, p. 1.

  27. 27.

    FAZ, ‘Allein mit seinem Trotz’, 26 August 2011, p. 4.

  28. 28.

    Ibid.

  29. 29.

    Ibid.

  30. 30.

    Welt, ‘Tücken des Timings’, 7 June 2011, p. 3.

  31. 31.

    Welt, ‘Die Angst vor dem Sonntag der Wahrheit’, 22 March 2011, p. 4.

  32. 32.

    Tagesspiegel, ‘Triangelspieler’, p. 6.

  33. 33.

    Zeit, ‘Wir sind dann mal weg’, 26 May 2011, p. 3.

  34. 34.

    FAZ, ‘Kakophone Führung’, 22 March 2011, p. 7.

  35. 35.

    Welt, ‘Tücken des Timings’, p. 3.

  36. 36.

    FAZ, ‘Deutschland doch uncool’, 21 March 2011, p. 4.

  37. 37.

    Welt, ‘Tücken des Timings’, p. 3.

  38. 38.

    Welt, ‘Nach der Entscheidung des Sicherheitsrats’, p. 4.

  39. 39.

    FAZ, ‘Revolution ist ein Risiko’, 30 March 2011, p. 38.

  40. 40.

    Zeit, ‘Wir sind dann mal weg’, p. 3.

  41. 41.

    Welt, ‘Nach der Entscheidung des Sicherheitsrats’, p. 4.

  42. 42.

    TAZ, ‘Libyen befreien?’, p. 4.

  43. 43.

    Zeit, ‘Vernagelt’, p. 9.

  44. 44.

    FAZ, ‘Deutschland doch uncool’, p. 4.

  45. 45.

    Ibid.

  46. 46.

    Welt, ‘Endlich wieder Vorsitzender’, p. 9.

  47. 47.

    Zeit, ‘Macht mal’, p. 10.

  48. 48.

    Welt, ‘Das Versagen der liberalen Krisenmanager’, 26 March 2011, p. 4.

  49. 49.

    TAZ, ‘Gegen alle Prinzipien’, 24 March 2011, p. 12.

  50. 50.

    FAZ, ‘Allein mit seinem Trotz’, p. 4.

  51. 51.

    FAZ, ‘Die Isolierung’, p. 4.

  52. 52.

    Interview with Westerwelle, Deutschlandfunk, 17 March 2011.

  53. 53.

    Ibid.

  54. 54.

    Interview with Westerwelle, Frankfurter Rundschau, 14 April 2011, available at: http://www.fr-online.de/politik/interview-mit-westerwelle--wir-sind-nicht-isoliert-,1472596,8341026.html [29 January 2014].

  55. 55.

    Interview with Westerwelle, Passauer Neue Presse, 23 March 2011.

  56. 56.

    TAZ, ‘Deutschlands Ruf in Europa ist beschädigt’, 23 March 2011, p. 3.

  57. 57.

    SZ, ‘Deutsche Außenpolitik – eine Farce’, 22 March 2011, p. 2.

  58. 58.

    TAZ, ‘Deutschlands Ruf’, p. 3.

  59. 59.

    TAZ, ‘Afghanistan statt Libyen’, 19 March 2011, p. 2.

  60. 60.

    Tagesspiegel, ‘Libysche Rebellen auf dem Vormarsch’, 27 March 2011, p. 6.

  61. 61.

    FAZ, ‘Die Isolierung’, p. 4.

  62. 62.

    Welt, ‘Krieg in Maßen’, 19 October 2011, p. 2.

  63. 63.

    SZ, ‘Vereinte Nationen rufen, Deutschland hört weg’, 29 April 2011, p. 2.

  64. 64.

    Welt, ‘Westerwelle nur noch Minister auf Bewährung’, p. 1.

  65. 65.

    Zeit, ‘Macht mal’, p. 10.

  66. 66.

    SZ, ‘Libyen: UN-Erlaubnis für Intervention’, 18 March 2011.

  67. 67.

    Welt, ‘Diplomatischer Totalschaden’, p. 3.

  68. 68.

    FAZ, ‘Frankreich freut und ärgert sich’, 19 March 2011, p. 4.

  69. 69.

    FAZ, ‘Kakophone Führung’, p. 7.

  70. 70.

    SZ, ‘Ich schäme mich’, p. 9.

  71. 71.

    Tagespiegel, ‘Fremde oder Freunde’, 14 April 2011, p. 6.

  72. 72.

    Zeit, ‘Der steinerne Gast’, p. 4.

  73. 73.

    Tagesspiegel, ‘Triangelspieler’, p. 6.

  74. 74.

    Tagespiegel, ‘Fremde’, p. 6.

  75. 75.

    Ibid.

  76. 76.

    Welt, ‘Nach der Entscheidung des Sicherheitsrats’, p. 4.

  77. 77.

    FAZ, ‘Deutschland doch uncool’, p. 4.

  78. 78.

    Welt, ‘Endlich wieder Vorsitzender’, p. 9.

  79. 79.

    TAZ, ‘Libyen befreien?’, p. 4.

  80. 80.

    Zeit, ‘Vernagelt’, p. 9.

  81. 81.

    Welt, ‘Endlich wieder Vorsitzender’, p. 9.

  82. 82.

    Ibid.

  83. 83.

    Zeit, ‘Vernagelt’, p. 9.

  84. 84.

    SZ, ‘Großer Groll’, p. 8.

  85. 85.

    Tagespiegel, ‘Fremde’, p. 6.

  86. 86.

    Zeit, ‘Vernagelt’, p. 9.

  87. 87.

    Zeit, ‘Wir sind dann mal weg’, p. 3.

  88. 88.

    Zeit, ‘Wir hätten zustimmen sollen’, 31 March 2011, p. 8.

  89. 89.

    SZ, ‘An der Seite von Diktatoren’, 19 March 2011, p. 4.

  90. 90.

    FAZ, ‘Die Isolierung’, p. 4.

  91. 91.

    SZ, ‘Bonbon für die Verbündeten’, 22 March 2011, p. 5.

  92. 92.

    FAZ, ‘Deutschland im Abseits’, 16 May 2011, p. 7.

  93. 93.

    Welt, ‘Das Versagen’, p. 4.

  94. 94.

    FAZ, ‘Deutschland doch uncool’, p. 4.

  95. 95.

    Both from: TAZ, ‘Gegen alle Prinzipien’, p. 12.

  96. 96.

    TAZ, ‘Deutschlands Ruf’, p. 3.

  97. 97.

    FAZ, ‘Deutschland doch uncool’, p. 4.

  98. 98.

    TAZ, ‘Westerwelle will wieder mitmachen’, 16 April 2011, p. 4.

  99. 99.

    Welt, ‘Nach der Entscheidung des Sicherheitsrats’, p. 4.

  100. 100.

    FAZ, ‘Deutschland im Abseits’, p. 7.

  101. 101.

    Zeit, ‘Vernagelt’, p. 9.

  102. 102.

    SZ, ‘Saat des Misstrauens’, 25 August 2011, p. 4.

  103. 103.

    SZ, ‘Deutschland ist keine berechenbare Größe mehr’, 25 August 2011, p. 1.

  104. 104.

    FAZ, Frankreich freut und ärgert sich, p. 4.

  105. 105.

    Welt, ‘Tücken des Timings’, p. 3.

  106. 106.

    Tagesspiegel, ‘Triangelspieler’, p. 6.

  107. 107.

    Welt, ‘Nach der Entscheidung des Sicherheitsrats’, p. 4.

  108. 108.

    TAZ, ‘Was globale Verantwortung heißt’, p. 10.

  109. 109.

    Zeit, ‘Macht mal’, p. 10.

  110. 110.

    Welt, ‘Das Versagen’, p. 4.

  111. 111.

    Welt, ‘Krieg in Maßen’, p. 2.

  112. 112.

    Zeit, ‘Vernagelt’, p. 9

  113. 113.

    FAZ, ‘Es soll richtig gewesen sein’, 23 August 2011, p. 4.

  114. 114.

    Zeit, ‘Vernagelt’, p. 9.

  115. 115.

    Tagesspiegel, ‘Außer der Reihe’, p. 2.

  116. 116.

    Tagesspiegel, ‘Obama lobt Deutschlands Rolle in Libyen’, 6 September 2011, p.1.

  117. 117.

    Welt, ‘Diplomatischer Totalschaden’, p. 3.

  118. 118.

    Zeit, ‘Der steinerne Gast’, p. 4.

  119. 119.

    FAZ, ‘Die Isolierung’, p. 4.

  120. 120.

    FAZ, ‘Grüne offen’, p. 6.

  121. 121.

    Zeit, ‘Der steinerne Gast’, p. 4.

  122. 122.

    Tagespiegel, ‘Fremde’, p. 6.

  123. 123.

    Tagesspiegel, ‘Außer der Reihe’, p. 2.

  124. 124.

    SZ, ‘Das Amt’, p. 2

  125. 125.

    FAZ, ‘Es soll richtig gewesen sein’, p. 4.

  126. 126.

    Interview with Westerwelle, RBB-Inforadio, 25 March 2011, available at: http://www.brasil.diplo.de/Vertretung/brasilien/de/07__Aussenpolitik/Reden_20des_20Au_C3_9Fenministers/BM-Interview_20mit_20RBB-Inforadio_20vom_2025.M_C3_A4rz_202011_20zu_20Libyen.html [29 January 2014].

  127. 127.

    SZ, ‘Bedenke das Ende’, p. 2.

  128. 128.

    Interview with Westerwelle, Deutschlandfunk, 17 March 2011.

  129. 129.

    Interview with Westerwelle, Deutschlandfunk, 23 August 2011, available at: http://www.deutschlandfunk.de/wir-haben-auf-die-internationale-isolierung-gesetzt.694.de.html?dram:article_id=70470 [29 January 2014].

  130. 130.

    SZ, ‘Bedenke das Ende’, p. 2.

  131. 131.

    Ibid.

  132. 132.

    Interview with Westerwelle, Deutschlandfunk, 23 August 2011.

  133. 133.

    FAZ, ‘Westerwelle: Wir sind nicht isoliert’, p. 4.

  134. 134.

    Interview with Westerwelle, Berliner Zeitung, 14 April 2011.

  135. 135.

    Interview with Westerwelle, PassauerNeuePresse, 23 March 2011.

  136. 136.

    Ibid.

References

  • Baker, Mona. 2010. Narratives of Terrorism and Security: Accurate Translations, Suspicious Frames. Critical Studies on Terrorism 3 (3): 347–364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boin, Arjen, Paul ‘t Hart, and Allan McConnell. 2009. Crisis Exploitation: Political and Policy Impacts of Framing Contests. Journal of European Public Policy 16 (1): 81–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bovens, Mark, and Paul ‘t Hart. 1996. Understanding Policy Fiascoes. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bovens, Mark, Paul ‘t Hart, and B. Guy Peters. 1998. Explaining Policy Disasters in Europe. Comparisons and Reflections. In Public Policy Disasters in Western Europe, ed. Pat Gray and Paul ‘t Hart, 195–214. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brändström, Annika, and Sanneke Kuipers. 2003. From “Normal Incidents” to Political Crises: Understanding the Selective Politicization of Policy Failures. Government and Opposition 38 (3): 279–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brockmeier, Sarah. 2013. Germany and the Intervention in Libya. Survival 55 (6): 63–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Vries, Michiel S. 2004. Framing Crisis. Response Patterns to Explosions in Fireworks Factories. Administration and Society 36 (5): 594–614.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunleavy, Patrick. 1995. Policy Disasters: Explaining the UK’s Record. Public Policy and Administration 10 (2): 52–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edelman, Murray. 1988. Constructing the Political Spectacle. Chicago: Chicago University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fairclough, Norman. 2010. Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language. London: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, Joschka. 2011a. “Ein einziges Debakel“ Spiegel-Gespräch mit Joschka Fischer. Der Spiegel (35): 26–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2011b. Deutsche Außenpolitik – Eine Farce. Süddeutsche Zeitung, March 22: 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fludernik, Monika. 2009. An Introduction to Narratology. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • George, Alexander L., and Andrew Bennett. 2005. Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goffman, Erving. 1974. Frame Analysis. An Essay on the Organization of Experience. New York: Harper & Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grant, Wyn. 2009. Intractable Policy Failure: The Case of Bovine TB and Badgers. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations 11 (4): 557–573.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, Pat. 1996. Disastrous Explanations – or Explanations of Disaster? A Reply to Patrick Dunleavy. Public Policy and Administration 11 (1): 74–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1998. Policy Disasters in Europe. An Introduction. In Public Policy Disasters in Western Europe, ed. Pat Gray and Paul ‘t Hart, 3–20. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haass, Richard N. 2009. War of Necessity. War of Choice. A Memoir of Two Iraq Wars. New York: Simon & Schuster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansel, Mischa, and Kai Oppermann. 2016. Counterfactual Reasoning in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Case of German Nonparticipation in the Libya Intervention of 2011. Foreign Policy Analysis 12 (2): 109–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herman, Luc, and Bart Vervaeck. 2007. Ideology. In The Cambridge Companion to Narrative, ed. David Herman, 217–230. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Herschinger, Eva. 2011. Constructing Global Enemies: Hegemony and Identity in International Discourses on Terrorism and Drug Prohibition. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, Christopher. 2016. Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First Century. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hood, Christopher. 2002. The Risk Game and the Blame Game. Government and Opposition 37 (1): 15–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howlett, Michael. 2012. The Lessons of Failure: Learning and Blame Avoidance in Public Policy-making. International Political Science Review 33 (5): 539–555.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ingram, Helen M., and Dean E. Mann. 1980. Policy Failure: An Issue Deserving Analysis. In Why Policies Succeed or Fail, ed. Helen M. Ingram and Dean E. Mann, 11–32. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, Richard. 2005. Writing the War on Terrorism: Language, Politics and Counter-Terrorism. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janis, Irving L. 1989. Crucial Decisions. Leadership in Policymaking and Crisis Management. New York: The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, Hank. 1995. A Methodology for Frame Analysis: From Discourse to Cognitive Schemata. In Social Movement and Culture, ed. Hank Johnson and Bert Klandermans, 217–246. Minneapolis: University of Minneapolis Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miskimmon, Alister. 2012. German Foreign Policy and the Libya Crisis. German Politics 21 (4): 392–410.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miskimmon, Alister, Ben O’Loughlin, and Laura Roselle. 2013. Strategic Narratives. Communication Power and the New World Order. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller, Harald. 2011. Ein Desaster. Deutschland und der Fall Libyen. In HSFK-Standpunkte 2/2011. Frankfurt am Main: Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oppermann, Kai, and Alexander Spencer. 2013. Thinking Alike? Salience and Metaphor Analysis as Cognitive Approaches to Foreign Policy Analysis. Foreign Policy Analysis 9 (1): 39–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2016. Telling Stories of Failure: Narrative Constructions of Foreign Policy Fiascos. Journal of European Public Policy 23 (5): 685–701.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, Molly, and Kristen R. Monroe. 1998. Narrative in Political Science. Annual Review of Political Science 1: 315–331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Renner, Judith. 2013. Discourse, Normative Change and the Quest for Reconciliation in Global Politics. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Schwennicke, Christoph. 2016. Deutschland schuldet ihm späten Dank, Cicero. September 11. Available at http://cicero.de/berliner-republik/guido-westerwelle-deutschland-schuldet-ihm-spaeten-dank. 20 Jan 2017.

  • Seibel, Wolfgang. 2013. Libyen, das Prinzip der Schutzverantwortung und Deutschlands Stimmenthaltung im UN-Sicherheitsrat bei der Abstimmung über Resolution 1973 am 17. März 2011. Friedens-Warte 88 (1–2): 87–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Selm-Thorburn, Joanne, and Bertjan Verbeek. 1998. The Chance of a Lifetime? The European Community’s Foreign and Refugee Policies Towards the Conflict in Yugoslavia, 1991–95. In Public Policy Disasters in Western Europe, ed. Pat Gray and Paul ‘t Hart, 175–192. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spencer, Alexander. 2010. The Tabloid Terrorist: The Predicative Construction of New Terrorism in the Media. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Stelzenmüller, Constanze. 2011. Libyen, Eine Deutschstunde. Süddeutsche Zeitung, Mai 15: 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stern, Eric K., and Bengt Sundelius. 1998. In Defence of the Swedish Crown. From Triumph to Tragedy and Back? In Public Policy Disasters in Western Europe, ed. Pat Gray and Paul ‘t Hart, 135–151. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toolan, Michael J. 2001. Narrative. A Critical Linguistic Introduction. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tuchman, Barbara W. 1984. The March of Folly. From Troy to Vietnam. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, Hayden. 1987. The Content of the Form: Narrative Discourse and Historical Representation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winkler, Heinrich A. 2011. ‘Gehören wir noch zum Westen?‘ Gespräch mit Heinrich August Winkler. Welt am Sonntag, June 12: 8.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Politics, University of Sussex, Brighton, East Sussex, UK

    Kai Oppermann

  2. Institute of Social Sciences and History, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

    Alexander Spencer

Authors
  1. Kai Oppermann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alexander Spencer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Geschwister-Scholl-Institute of Political Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany

    Andreas Kruck

  2. Department of Politics, University of Sussex, Brighton, East Sussex, United Kingdom

    Kai Oppermann

  3. Institute of Social Sciences and History, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

    Alexander Spencer

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Oppermann, K., Spencer, A. (2018). The Social Construction of Mistakes: Germany’s Abstention on UN Security Council Resolution 1973 on Libya. In: Kruck, A., Oppermann, K., Spencer, A. (eds) Political Mistakes and Policy Failures in International Relations. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68173-3_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation