Skip to main content

Authentic Leadership, Embodied Leadership, and Followership from a Multi-cultural Perspective

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Authentic Leadership and Followership

Part of the book series: Palgrave Studies in Leadership and Followership ((PASTLEFO))

  • 2604 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter uses a conceptual-theoretical framework to further knowledge about the effectiveness of various leadership and followership styles and the relationship between leadership, authentic leadership, embodied leadership, and followership after the technological revolution. Laban Movement Analysis, a nonverbal body–mind model, is applied to illustrate embodied leadership. The findings are that (1) leaders and followers are likely to be viewed as authentic when they synchronize their inner world (somatic sensations) with their outer expression (verbal language), (2) the country’s or region’s cultural climate impacts organisational culture and the structure of leader–follower interaction, and (3) the cultural climate can limit or prevent the adaptation of a minimal hierarchical (horizontal) structure.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Avolio, B., & Gardner, W. (2005). Authentic leadership development: Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 315–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Avolio, B., Gardner, W., Walumbwa, F., Luthans, F., & May, D. (2004). Unlocking the mask: A look at the process by which authentic leaders impact follower attitudes and behaviors. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(6), 801–823.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartenieff, I., & Lewis, D. (1980). Body movement: Coping with the environment. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernhofen, D., & Brown, J. (2004). A direct test of the theory of comparative advantage: The case of Japan. Journal of Political Economy, 112(1), 48–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brendel, W., & Bennett, C. (2016). Learning to embody leadership through mindfulness and somatics practice. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 18(3), 409–425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carmeli, A., Sheaffer, Z., Binyamin, G., Reiter-Palmon, R., & Shimoni, T. (2014). Transformational leadership and creative problem-solving: The mediating role of psychological safety and reflexivity. The Journal of Creative Behaviour, 48(2), 115–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carsten, M. K., Uhl-Bien, M., West, B. J., Patera, J. L., & McGregor, R. (2010). Exploring social constructions of followership: A qualitative study. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(3), 543–562.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaleff, I. (1995). The courageous follower. San Francisco: Benett.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaleff, I. (2009). The courageous follower: Standing up to and for our leaders (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.

    Google Scholar 

  • CNET. (2010, June 7). Steve Jobs demo fail. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znxQOPFg2mo

  • Cohen-Almagor, R. (2014). Reconciling liberalism and Judaism? Human rights in Israel. In J. Carby-Hall (Ed.), Essays on human rights: A celebration of the life of Dr. Janusz (pp. 136–163). Warsaw, Poland: Ius et Lex Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Zilwa, D. (2014). A new conceptual framework for authentic followership. In L. M. Lapierre & M. K. Carsten (Eds.), Followership: What is it and why do people follow? (pp. 47–72). Bingley, UK: Emerald.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feldenkrais, M. (1972). Awareness through movement: Easy-to-do health exercises to improve your posture, vision, imagination, and personal awareness. New York: Harper Collins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardner, W., Cogliser, C., Davis, K., & Dickens, M. (2011). Authentic leadership: A review of the literature and research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(6), 1120–1145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garon, S. (1994). Rethinking modernization and modernity in Japanese history: A focus on state-society relations. The Journal of Asian Studies, 53(2), 346–366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gendlin, E. (1978). Focusing. New York: Bantam Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, A. (1990). Japanese labour relations during the twentieth century. Journal of Labor Research, XI(3), 239–252.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, J. (1999). The third industrial revolution: Technology, productivity and income equality. Economic Review, 35(2), 2–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huntington, S. (1996). The clash of civilizations and the remaking of world order. New York: Touchstone.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isaacson, W. (2012). The real leadership lessons of Steve Jobs. Harvard Business Review, 90(4), 92–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Wherever you go, there you are: Mindless meditation in everyday life. New York: Hyperion.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kernis, M. (2003). Toward a conceptualization of optimal self-esteem. Psychological Inquiry, 14(1), 1–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kernis, M., & Goldman, B. (2006). From thought and experience to behavior and interpersonal relationships: A multicomponent conceptualization of authenticity. In A. Tesser, J. V. Wood, & D. A. Staple (Eds.), On building, defending, and regulating the self: A psychological perspective (pp. 31–52). New York: Psychology Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knickerbocker, B. (2011, August 25). Steve Jobs and Apple: How his vision transformed the way we work and play. Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved from http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/2011/0825/Steve-Jobs-and-Apple-How-his-vision-transformed-the-way-we-work-and-play

  • Ladkin, D. (2013). From perception to flesh: A phenomenological account of the felt experience of leadership. Leadership, 9(3), 320–334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ladkin, D., & Taylor, S. (2010). Enacting the ‘true self’: Towards a theory of embodied authentic leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(1), 64–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luthans, F. (2002). The need for and meaning of positive organizational behaviour. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(6), 695–706.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luthans, F., & Avolio, B. (2003). Authentic leadership development. In K. S. Cameron, J. E. Dutton, & R. E. Quinn (Eds.), Positive organizational scholarship: Foundations of a new discipline (pp. 241–258). San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGregor, D. (1960). The human side of enterprise. New York: McGraw Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meindl, J. (1995). The romance of leadership as a follower-centric theory: A social constructionist approach. The Leadership Quarterly, 6(3), 329–341.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, C.-L. (2005). Movement and making decisions: The body-mind connection in the workplace. New York: Dance & Movement Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, C.-L. (2014). Meaning in motion: Introducing Laban movement analysis. Denver, CO: MoveScapeCenter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ouchi, W. (1981). Theory Z: How American business can meet with the Japanese challenge. Business Horizons, 24(6), 82–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pallaro, P. (Ed.). (1999). Authentic movement: A collection of essays by Mary Starks Whitehouse, Janet Adler and Joan Chodorow. Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearce, C., & Manz, C. (2005). The new silver bullets of leadership: The importance of self- and shared leadership in knowledge work. Organizational Dynamics, 34(2), 130–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, J., & Arthur, M. (2013). Just three stories: The career lessons behind Steve Jobs. Journal of Business and Management, 19(1), 45–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senor, D., & Singer, S. (2009). Start-up nation: The story of Israel’s economic miracle. New York: Twelve.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shamir, B. (2007). From passive recipients to active co-producers: Followers’ roles in the leadership process. In B. Shamir, R. Pillai, M. C. Bligh, & M. Uhl-Bien (Eds.), Follower-centered perspectives on leadership: A tribute to the memory of James R. Meindl (pp. ix–xxxvi). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shamir, B., & Eilam, G. (2005). ‘What’s your story?’ A life stories approach to authentic leadership development. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 395–417.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheets-Johnstone, M. (1981). Thinking in movement. Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 39(4), 399–407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheets-Johnstone, M. (2010). Kinesthetic experience: Understanding movement inside and out. Body, Movement and Dance in Psychotherapy, 5(2), 111–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stark, J. (2012, September 26). Highlights of Steve Jobs 2007 iPhone Announcement. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GE1pd3HktwA

  • Steinberg, J. (2011, August 16). Just how expensive is it to live in Israel? Jewish Telegraph Agency. Retrieved from http://www.jta.org/2011/08/16/news-opinion/israel-middle-east/just-how-expensive-is-it-to-live-in-israel

  • Theory X and Theory Y. (n.d.). Understanding team member motivation. Retrieved from https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_74.htm

  • Uhl-Bien, M., & Pillai, R. (2007). The romance of leadership and the social construction of followership. In B. Shamir, R. Pillai, M. C. Bligh, & M. Uhl-Bien (Eds.), Follower-centered perspectives on leadership: A tribute to the memory of James R. Meindl (pp. 187–210). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uhl-Bien, M., Riggio, R. E., Lowe, K. B., & Carsten, M. K. (2014). Followership theory: A review and research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(1), 83–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walumbwa, F., Avolio, B., Gardner, W., Wernsing, T., & Peterson, S. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, H. (2013). Decoding leadership: How Steve Jobs transformed Apple to spearhead a technological informed economy. Journal of Business and Management, 19(1), 33–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zikic, J., & Klehe, U.-C. (2006). Job loss as a blessing in disguise: The role of career exploration and career planning in predicting reemployment quality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(3), 391–409.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zikic, J., & Richardson, J. (2007). Unlocking the careers of business professionals following job loss: Sensemaking and career exploration of older workers. Canadian Journal of Administration Sciences, 24(1), 58–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Brown, S.D. (2018). Authentic Leadership, Embodied Leadership, and Followership from a Multi-cultural Perspective. In: Cotter-Lockard, D. (eds) Authentic Leadership and Followership. Palgrave Studies in Leadership and Followership. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65307-5_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics