Abstract
Based on the VGICC classification, vitiligo/NSV, a consensus umbrella term for all forms of generalized vitiligo, is meant to describe different clinical subtypes of vitiligo that are all clearly distinct from SV including acrofacial, generalized, mucosal (multifocal), and universal. According to the VETF definition, generalized vitiligo is characterized by asymptomatic well-circumscribed milky-white macules involving both sides of the body with usually a symmetrical pattern. In acrofacial vitiligo (AFV), the involved sites are by definition limited to the face, head, hands, and feet with typically depigmentation of the distal fingers and facial orifices. Vitiligo universalisis a rapidly progressive form of the disease, which needs a more in-depth investigation especially for associated autoimmunity.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ezzedine K, Diallo A, Léauté-Labrèze C, Seneschal J, Boniface K, Cario-André M, Prey S, Ballanger F, Boralevi F, Jouary T, Mossalayi D, Taieb A. Pre- vs. post-pubertal onset of vitiligo: multivariate analysis indicates atopic diathesis association in pre-pubertal onset vitiligo. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167:490–5.
Le Poole C. Vitiligo vulgaris. In: Nordlund J, editor. The pigmentary system. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing; 2006. p. 551–98.
Liu JB, Li M, Yang S, et al. Clinical profiles of vitiligo in China: an analysis of 3742 patients. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2005;30:327–31.
Zhang XJ, Liu JB, Gui JP, et al. Characteristics of genetic epidemiology and genetic models for vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;51:383–90.
Ortonne JP, Mosher DB, Fitzpatrick TB. Vitiligo and other hypomelanoses of hair and skin. In: Parrish JA, Fitzpatrick TB, editors. Monographs in topics in dermatology. New York, NY: Plenum Press; 1983. p. 1–683.
Ortonne JP. Vitiligo and other disorders of hypopigmentation. In: Bolognia J, Jorizzo JL, Rapini RP, editors. Dermatology. New York, NY: Mosby; 2007. p. 913–38.
Gan EY, Cario-André M, Pain C, Goussot JF, Taïeb A, Seneschal J, Ezzedine K. Follicular vitiligo: a report of 8 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74:1178–84.
Chun WH, Hann SK. The progression of nonsegmental vitiligo: clinical analysis of 318 patients. Int J Dermatol. 1997;36:908–10.
Fargnoli MC, Bolognia JL. Pentachrome vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995;33:853–6.
Sehgal VN, Srivastava G. Vitiligo: compendium of clinico-epidemiological features. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2007;73:149–56.
Ivker R, Goldaber M, Buchness MR. Blue vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994;30:829–31.
Mchepange UO, Gao XH, Liu YY, Liu YB, Ma L, Zhang L, Chen HD. Vitiligo in North-Eastern China: an association between mucosal and acrofacial lesions. Acta Derm Venereol. 2010;90:136–40.
Silva de Castro CC, do Nascimento LM, Olandoski M, Mira MT. A pattern of association between clinical form of vitiligo and disease-related variables in a Brazilian population. J Dermatol Sci. 2012;65:63–7.
Agarwal S, Ojha A, Gupta S. Profile of vitiligo in Kumaun region of Uttarakhand, India. Indian J Dermatol. 2014;59:209. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.127706.
Attili VR, Attili SK. Acral vitiligo and lichen sclerosus - association or a distinct pattern?: a clinical and histopathological review of 15 cases. Indian J Dermatol. 2015;60:519.
Shah AS, Supapannachart N, Nordlund JJ. Acquired hypomelanotic disorders. In: Levine N, editor. Pigmentation and pigmentary disorders. Boca Raton, FL: CRS Press; 1993. p. 337–51.
Song MS, Hann SK, Ahn PS, et al. Clinical study of vitiligo: comparative study of Type A and Type B vitiligo. Ann Dermatol. 1994;6:22–30.
Tan WP, Goh BK, Tee SI, Kumarasinghe SPW. Clinical Profile of vitiligo in Singapore. 2nd Meeting of the Asian Society for Pigment Cell Research, July 2007, Singapore. Pigment Cell Res. 2007;20:253.. (abstract).
Hann SK, Nordlund JJ. Clinical features of generalized vitiligo. In: Hann S-K, Nordlund JJ, editors. Vitiligo. Oxford: Blackwell; 2000. p. 81–8.
Aydogan K, Turan OF, Onart S, et al. Audiological abnormalities in patients with vitiligo. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2006;31:110–3.
Pan JY, Goh BK, Theng C, Kumarasinghe SPW. Vitiligo as a reaction to topical treatment with diphencyprone. 2nd Meeting of the Asian Society for Pigment Cell Research, July 2007, Singapore. Pigment Cell Res. 2007;20:247.. (abstract).
Dogra S, Kumar B. Repigmentation in vitiligo universalis: role of melanocyte density, disease duration and melanocyte reservoir. Dermatol Online J. 2005;11:30.
Husain I, Vijayan E, Ramaiah A, et al. Demonstration of tyrosinase in the vitiligo skin of human beings by a sensitive fluorometric method as well as by 14C(U) L tyrosine incorporation into melanin. J Invest Dermatol. 1982;78:243–52.
Tobin DJ, Swanson NN, Pittlekow MR, et al. Melanocytes are not absent in lesional skin of long duration vitiligo. J Pathol. 2000;191:407–16.
Naughton GK, Eisenger M, Bystryn JC. Antibodies to normal human melanocytes in vitiligo. J Exp Med. 1983;158:246–51.
Kumarasinghe SPW. An optimistic approach to management of vitiligo. Ceylon Med J. 1995;40:94–6.
Schallreuter KU, Behrens-Williams S, Khaliq TP, et al. Increased epidermal functioning wildtype p53 expression in vitiligo. Exp Dermatol. 2003;12:268–77.
Mattoo SK, Handa S, Kaur I, et al. Psychiatric morbidity in vitiligo: prevalence and correlates in India. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2002;16:573–8.
Acknowledgements
Dr. Prasad Kumarasinghe is grateful to Prof. Roy Chan, Medical Director, and Dr. Goh Boon Kee, Consultant Dermatologist, National Skin Centre, Singapore, for providing some of the VU photographs.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Passeron, T., Ortonne, JP., Kumarasinghe, P., Taïeb, A. (2019). Vitiligo/nonsegmental Vitiligo Including Acrofacial and Universalis. In: Picardo, M., Taïeb, A. (eds) Vitiligo. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62960-5_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62960-5_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-62958-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-62960-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)