Abstract
The African Union (AU) has come a long way in establishing the foundations for collective regional peace and security. The achievements have, however, been less than expected. This concluding chapter notes that although the progress made thus far is significant and commendable, Africa’s gains continue to be chequered by mal-governance; interference in the affairs of states by external powers (such as the United States [US], Britain, France, and now China); shortfalls in financial and other resource needs; and human capacity deficits. The chapter highlights the plethora of challenges faced by Africa and its peace and security institutions, and provides suggestions for overcoming these challenges. It also seeks to identify the multiple and complex challenges related to the realisation of a genuine, systematic, and functional institutional framework that will promote peace and build prosperous and sustainable communities in Africa.
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Notes
- 1.
African Union (AU), “Securing Predictable and Sustainable Financing for Peace in Africa”, August 2016, p. 2, http://www.peaceau.org/uploads/auhr-progress-report-final-020916-with-annexes.pdf (accessed 2 August 2017).
- 2.
Peter Fabricius, “African Union Starts Putting Its Money Closer to Where Its Mouth Is”, Africa Sustainable Conservation News, 12 February 2015, https://africasustainableconservation.com/2015/02/12/african-union-starts-putting-its-money-closer-to-where-its-mouth-is (accessed 30 June 2017).
- 3.
Britain is used synonymously with the United Kingdom (UK) in this volume.
- 4.
Mmanaledi Mataboge, “AU’s Dependence on Cash from the West Still Rankles”, Mail & Guardian, 12 June 2015, https://mg.co.za/article/2015-06-11-aus-dependence-on-cash-from-the-west-still-rankles (accessed 2 August 2017).
- 5.
Centre for Conflict Resolution (CCR), The African Union: Regional and Global Challenges, Seminar Report no. 53 (Cape Town, August 2016), p. 24.
- 6.
Adekeye Adebajo, “The Elusive Quest for Pax Africana Continues”, Business Day, 27 January 2013.
- 7.
AU Commission, “Agenda 2063 Framework Document”, September 2015.
- 8.
Ali Mazrui, “Who Killed Democracy in Africa? Clues of the Past, Concerns of the Future”, Development Policy Management Forum Network Bulletin 9, no. 1 (2002), pp. 15–23.
- 9.
CCR, War and Peace in the Great Lakes Region, Seminar Report no. 54 (Cape Town, October 2016). See also Gilbert M. Khadiagala (ed.), War and Peace in Africa’s Great Lakes Region (New York: Palgrave, 2017).
- 10.
AU Commission, “Agenda 2063 Framework Document”, p. 65.
- 11.
See Security Council Report, “Somalia-Eritrea Sanctions Committee Consultations”, What’s In Blue, 21 July 2017, http://www.whatsinblue.org/2017/07/somalia-eritrea-sanctions-committee-consultations.php (accessed 2 August 2017).
- 12.
CCR, Building Peace in South Sudan: Progress, Problems, and Prospects, Seminar Report no. 57 (Cape Town, June 2017).
- 13.
The 2002 Protocol Relating to the Establishment of the Peace and Security Council of the AU entered into force in December 2003.
- 14.
AU Peace and Security Council, “Report of the Chairperson of the Commission on the Follow-Up to the Peace and Security Council Communiqué of 27 October 2014 on Structural Conflict Prevention”, PSC /PR/2(D), 502nd Meeting, Addis Ababa, 29 April 2015, p. 1, http://www.peaceau.org/uploads/psc-502-cews-rpt-29-4-2015.pdf (accessed 1 December 2016 and 1 July 2017).
- 15.
AU Peace and Security Council, “Report of the Chairperson of the Commission”, p. 1.
- 16.
AU Peace and Security Council, “Report of the Chairperson of the Commission”, p. 1.
- 17.
AU, “Securing Predictable and Sustainable Financing”, p. 3.
- 18.
Chris Ngwodo, “Pax Africana”, 23 August 2005, http://nigeriaworld.com/articles/2005/aug/232.html (accessed 17 November 2016).
- 19.
Ngwodo, “Pax Africana”.
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Karbo, T. (2018). Conclusion. In: Karbo, T., Virk, K. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Peacebuilding in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62202-6_25
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62202-6_25
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