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Cosine-/Sine-Modulated Filter Banks pp 327–413Cite as

Perfect Reconstruction Cosine/Sine-Modulated Filter Banks in the Dolby Digital (Plus) AC-3 Audio Coding Standards

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Abstract

The Dolby Digital (AC-3) and the Dolby Digital Plus or Enhanced AC-3 (E-AC-3) audio coding standards developed by the Dolby Laboratories are currently the key enabling technologies for high-quality compression of digital audio signals. For the time/frequency transformation of an audio data block, and vice versa, the AC-3 and E-AC-3 have adopted the modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) as a perfect reconstruction cosine-modulated filter bank. The AC-3 besides the MDCT defines additional two variants of cosine-modulated filter banks called the first and second short transforms. Moreover, the current AC-3 and E-AC-3 codecs for better spectral estimation and for phase angle adjustment have adopted the modified discrete sine transform (MDST) which together with the MDCT forms a complex filter bank. This chapter is devoted to the perfect reconstruction cosine/sine-modulated filter banks used in the Dolby AC-3 and E-AC-3 audio coding standards. The chapter presents: Definitions of the analysis/synthesis AC-3 filter banks, their general symmetry properties both in the time and frequency domains, and their efficient unified implementations. Matrix representations of AC-3 filter banks, [54] their properties and relations among transform (sub-)matrices provide the basis to derive relations between the frequency coefficients and the time domain aliasing data sequences of AC-3 transforms, and in particular, the basis for derivation of a fast algorithm for conversion of frequency coefficients of AC-3 transforms directly in the frequency domain. Finally, conversion methods of the MDCT to MDST frequency coefficients directly in the frequency domain are presented.

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Change history

  • 08 January 2019

    On p. v, in the third line from top, “in” was inserted after comma to read “. . ., and vice versa, in many sub-band/transform-based schemes . . .”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Informatics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Vladimir Britanak

  2. The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA

    K. R. Rao

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  1. Vladimir Britanak
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  2. K. R. Rao
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Britanak, V., Rao, K.R. (2018). Perfect Reconstruction Cosine/Sine-Modulated Filter Banks in the Dolby Digital (Plus) AC-3 Audio Coding Standards. In: Cosine-/Sine-Modulated Filter Banks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61080-1_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61080-1_6

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61080-1

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