Abstract
The least invasive method of accessing the upper tract and tumor originating therein that provides direct visualization and possibility of sampling and treatment is via ureteroscopy. Ureteroscopy in the lower ureters can be done with a semirigid ureteroscope and proximal to that with a flexible ureterorenoscope. In this chapter, we summarize the commonly available devices in both semirigid and flexible categories, and highlight their features and properties. A review of conventional (fiberoptic) and digital sensor flexible ureteroscopes as well as unique issues related to these devices including image quality, ease of navigation, channel sizes and irrigation properties, scope durability as well as cost issues is also included in this chapter.
References
Bozzini P. Lichtleiter, eine Erfindung zur Anschauung innerer Teile und Krankheiten, nebst der Abbildung (Light conductor, an invention for examining internal parts and diseases, together with illustrations). J der practischen Arzneykunde und Wundarzneykunst (J Practical Med Surgery). 1806;24:107–24.
Marshall VF. Fiber Optics in Urology. J Urol. 1964;91:110–4.
Goodman TM. Ureteroscopy with rigid instruments in the management of distal ureteral disease. J Urol. 1984;132:250–3.
Paffen ML, Keizer JG, de Winter GV, Arends AJ, Hendrikx AJ. A comparison of the physical properties of four new generation flexible ureteroscopes: (de)flection, flow properties, torsion stiffness, and optical characteristics. J Endourol. 2008;22(10):2227–34.
Razvan M, Geavlete B, Georgescu D, Geavlete P. Conventional fiberoptic flexible ureteroscope versus fourth generation digital flexible ureteroscope: a critical comparison. J Endourol. 2010;24(1):17–21.
Lusch A, Abdelshehid C, Hidas G, Osann KE, Okhunov Z, McDougall E, Landman J. In vitro and in vivo comparison of optics and performance of a distal sensor Ureteroscope versus a standard fiberoptic Ureteroscope. J Endourol. 2013;27(7):896–902.
Li K, Lin T, Fan X, Duan Y, Huang J. Diagnosis of narrow-band imaging in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Urol. 2013;20(6):602–9.
Traxer O, Geavlete B, de Medina SG, Sibony M, Al-Qahtani S. Narrow-band imaging digital flexible ureteroscopy in detection of upper urinary tract transitional-cell carcinoma: initial experience. J Endourol. 2011;25(1):19–23.
Monga M, Weiland D, Pedro RN, Lynch AC, Anderson K. Intrarenal manipulation of flexible ureteroscopes: a comparative study. BJU Int. 2007;100(1):157–9.
Bagley DH. Intrarenal access with the flexible ureteropyeloscope: effects of active and passive tip deflection. J Endourol. 1993;7(3):221–4.
Monga M, Anderson K, Durfee W. Physical properties of flexible Ureteroscopes: implications for clinical practice. J Endourol. 2004;18(5):462–5.
Poon M, Beaghler M, Baldwin D. Flexible endoscope deflectability: changes using a variety of working instruments and laser fibers. J Endourol. 1997;11:247–9.
Monga M, Dretler SP, Landman J, Slaton JW, Conradie MC, Clayman RV. Maximizing ureteroscope deflection: play it straight. Urology. 2002;60(5):902–5.
Shah K, Monga M, Knudsen B. Prospective randomized trial comparing 2 flexible digital ureteroscopes: ACMI/Olympus invisio DUR-D and Olympus URF-V. Urology. 2015;85(6):1267–71.
Haberman K, Ortiz-Alvarado O, Chotikawanich E, Monga M. A dual-channel flexible ureteroscope: evaluation of deflection, flow, illumination, and optics. J Endourol. 2011;25(9):1411–4.
Lusch A, Okhunov Z, del Junco M, Yoon R, Khanipour R, Menhadji A, Landman J. Comparison of optics and performance of single channel and a novel dual-channel fiberoptic ureteroscope. Urology. 2015;85(1):268–72.
Jung H, Osther P. Intraluminal pressure profiles during flexible ureterorenoscopy. SpringerPlus. 2015;4:373.
Afane JS, Olweny EO, Bercowsky E, Sundaram CP, Dunn MD, Shalhav AL, McDougall EM, Clayman RV. Flexible ureteroscopes: a single center evaluation of the durability and function of the new endoscopes smaller than 9Fr. J Urol. 2000;164(4):1164–8.
Multescu R, Geavlete B, Geavlete P. A new era: performance and limitations of the latest models of flexible ureteroscopes. Urology. 2013;82(6):1236–9.
Payne DA, Keeley Jr FX. Rigid and Flexible Ureteroscopes: Technical Features. Smith’s Textbook of Endourology. 3rd ed. West Sussex, United Kingdom: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012.
Knudsen B, Miyaoka R, Shah K, Holden T, Turk TM, Pedro RN, Kriedberg C, Hinck B, Ortiz-Alvarado O, Monga M. Durability of the next-generation flexible fiberoptic Ureteroscopes: a randomized prospective multi-institutional clinical trial. Urology. 2010;75(3):534–8.
Multescu R, Geavlete B, Georgescu D, Geavlete P. Improved durability of flex-Xc digital flexible ureteroscope: how long can you expect it to last? Urology. 2014;84(1):32–5.
Landman J, Lee DI, Lee C, Monga M. Evaluation of overall costs of currently available small flexible ureteroscopes. Urology. 2003;62(2):218–22.
Tosoian JJ, Ludwig W, Sopko N, Mullins JK, Matlaga BR. The effect of repair costs on the profitability of a ureteroscopy program. J Endourol. 2015;29(4):406–9.
Carey RI, Martin CJ, Knego JR. Prospective evaluation of refurbished flexible ureteroscope durability seen in a large public tertiary care center with multiple surgeons. Urology. 2014;84(1):42–5.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Akhavein, A., Monga, M. (2018). Characteristics of Semirigid and Flexible Ureteroscopes for Upper Tract Tumors. In: Eshghi, M. (eds) Urothelial Malignancies of the Upper Urinary Tract. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51263-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51263-1_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-51261-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-51263-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)