Abstract
This paper evaluates the effectiveness and cost efficiency of a water abstraction tax fitted to the scarcity of surface water resources. The modelling of the hypothetical consequences of the proposed taxation scheme were conducted using several databases. These databases describe the availability of water resources in Poland, as well as the present schemes, the level of taxation and the economic conditions of Polish municipal water providers. All four scenarios were taken into consideration to meet the criteria of a better fitting of the unit intake tax to the scarcity of water at the local level. However, the progression of the rates and total fiscal effects were different. The proposed instrument was found to have a minor influence on the water operators and a very small influence on the end users; this was due to the low level of taxation at the present time.
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Notes
- 1.
The number of permits was not correlated with the number of water operators. Sometimes one operator has more than one permit, because he or she uses water from different sources (e.g., rivers, lakes, underground resources).
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Acknowledgments
The work was supported by ISS-EWATUS project which has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no. 619228.
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Berbeka, K., Palys, M. (2016). An Evaluation of the Instruments Aimed at Poland’s Water Savings. In: Czarnowski, I., Caballero, A.M., Howlett, R.J., Jain, L.C. (eds) Intelligent Decision Technologies 2016. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 57. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39627-9_30
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39627-9_30
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