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Keeling’s Fetal and Neonatal Pathology pp 387–412Cite as

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Abstract

Preterm birth is defined as delivery less than 37 weeks’ gestational age. The rate of preterm birth varies around the world and differs between developed and developing countries. It is 12–13 % in the United States of America (USA), 5–9 % in Europe, 9 % in Australia, and as high as 18 % in some countries in Africa. In developed countries the increased rate of preterm birth has been attributed to the changing demographics of childbearing. The mean age of childbearing has increased over the years with the average age of primiparous women in Australia now 28.3 years of age and the percentage of first-time mothers over 35 years of age in the USA now 4 %. Delayed childbearing is associated with a number of risk factors including preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. Infertility with the resultant use of in vitro fertilization methods and consequent twins/triplets are also significant issues. Another major risk factor for preterm birth is maternal obesity, which is increasing in both developed and developing countries. Complications of maternal obesity include maternal and fetal death, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and congenital abnormalities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neonatology, Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, Canberra Hospital, Woden, Australian Capital Territory, Australia

    Alison L. Kent BMBS, FRACP, MD

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  1. Alison L. Kent BMBS, FRACP, MD
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Correspondence to Alison L. Kent BMBS, FRACP, MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

    T. Yee Khong

  2. Department of Histopathology, Women’s & Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

    T. Yee Khong

  3. Department of Histopathology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK

    Roger D. G. Malcomson

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Kent, A.L. (2015). Prematurity. In: Khong, T.Y., Malcomson, R.D.G. (eds) Keeling’s Fetal and Neonatal Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19207-9_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19207-9_16

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