Skip to main content

Eliciting Life Stories Innovatively and Qualitatively: Using the CIP in Career Counseling

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 485 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter begins by explaining why the CIP was developed as a questionnaire to promote counseling self- and career construction as well as life design intervention. This is followed by a discussion of factors related to the theoretical and conceptual framework of the CIP. Next, I deal with the nature of the questionnaire and discuss briefly its aim and four-part layout before focusing on some requirements for administering the CIP. The importance of focusing on the CIP as a unit, the issue of how feedback to assessees should be given, and how qualitative analysis should be explained are then discussed. Information is provided to guide practitioners in their interpretation of responses to CIP questions. The chapter concludes with an explanation of how rigorous interpretation can be promoted, the key issue of choosing a career and linking this choice to writing mission and vision statements, crafting a career plan, and forward movement (including job analysis).

The universe is not made up of atoms; it’s made up of tiny stories (Joseph Gordon-Levitt)

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    For the purposes of this book, the term “job analysis” refers to both job analysis and career exploration.

  2. 2.

    See the section titled “Notes” at the end of this book for more details.

  3. 3.

    Self-construction theory (Guichard, 2009, 2016), career construction theory (Savickas, 2005), and life design counseling (Savickas et al., 2009) are discussed in Chap. 2.

  4. 4.

    At the time, I was also writing my first teenage novel (Trial match) (Maree, 1996) in which the main character presents for career counseling and is introduced to my first attempt at devising a qualitative (storied) intervention and assessment strategy. This was followed by another teenage novel entitled Zweepi, the spinning game in 2005 (Maree, 2005). I started writing both books to deal with my own pain at the time, and doing so enabled me to experience first-hand the power of the storied approach to career counseling.

  5. 5.

    The responses of the participants are verbatim with only very light editing in order to preserve the authenticity of the responses.

  6. 6.

    If clients insist on sharing later recollections, I of course respect their wishes. Irrespective of clients’ preferences, it is important to consider the possible value and impact of such recollections on the career counseling process. Anecdotal evidence may be meaningful.

  7. 7.

    I believe that the qualitative approach not only helps assessees uncover their interest patterns but also yields sufficient information to facilitate trustworthy career counseling. However, much will depend on the experience and level of expertise of individual career counselors.

References

  • Adler, A. (1929). The science of living. New York, NY: Greenberg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adler, A. (1933). What life should mean to you. Shropshire, England: Unwin Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adler, A. (1958). What life should mean to you. New York, NY: Capricorn Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adler, A. (1998). Understanding children with emotional problems. The Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 38(1), 121–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arthur, N., Neault, R., & McMahon, M. (Eds.). (2019). Career theories and models at work: Ideas for practice. Toronto, ON: CERIC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borchard, D. C. (1995). Planning for career and life: Job surfing on the tidal waves of change. The Futurist, 29, 8–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cardoso, P., Savickas, M. L., & Gonçalves, M. M. (2019). Career Construction Counseling: Proposal for an Integrative Model. Career Development Quarterly, 67, 188–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cochran, L. R. (1997). Career counseling: A narrative approach. Pacific Grove, CA: Thousand Oaks.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, A., & Maree, J. G. (2016). Efficacy of using career and self-construction to help learners manage career-related transitions. South African Journal of Education, 36(1), 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crisp, T. (2002). Dream dictionary. New York, NY: Random House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Di Fabio, A., & Maree, J. G. (2013a). Career counseling: The usefulness of the Career Interest Profile (CIP). Journal for Psychology in Africa, 23(1), 41–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Di Fabio, A., & Maree, J. G. (2013b). The effectiveness of the Career Interest Profile (CIP). Journal of Employment Counseling, 50, 110–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Du Toit, R., Prinsloo, W. B. J., Gevers, J., & Harilall, R. (1993). Manual for the South African Vocational Interest Inventory (SAVII). Pretoria, South Africa: HSRC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, T. L. (2016). Thank you for being late: An optimist’s guide to thriving in the age of accelerations. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus, & Giraux.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guichard, J. (2009). Self-constructing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75, 251–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guichard, J. (2016). Reflexivity in life design interventions: Comments on life and career design dialogues. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 97, 78–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guichard, J. (2018). Final purposes for life-and-career design interventions in the anthropocene era. In V. Cohen-Scali, L. Nota, & J. Rossier (Eds.), New perspectives on career guidance and counseling in Europe. Building careers in changing and diverse societies (pp. 189–204). New York, NY: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, B. A., Halstead, M. E., & Taylor, T. R. (1986). Test administrator’s manual for the Rothwell-Miller Interest Blank. Pretoria, South Africa: HSRC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartung, P. J. (2010a). Career assessment: Using scores and stories in life designing. In J. G. Maree (Ed.), Career counselling: Methods that work (pp. 1–10). Cape Town, South Africa: Juta & Company Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartung, P. J. (2010b). Identifying life-career themes with the career story interview. In J. G. Maree (Ed.), Career counselling: Techniques that work (pp. 161–166). Cape Town, South Africa: Juta & Company Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland, J. L. (1985). Making vocational choices: A theory of vocational personalities and work environments (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland, J. L. (1997). Making vocational choices: A theory of vocational personalities and work environments (3rd ed.). Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacaranda FM. (2015, February 27). Die windpomp trailer. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GC68LxWK9J4.

  • Jung, C. G. (1977). Two essays on analytical psychology. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Justice, L. V, Convey, M., & Akthar. S. (2018). What is your first memory – and did it ever really happen? Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/what-is-your-first-memory-and-did-it-ever-really-happen-95953?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Latest%20from%E2%80%A6.

  • Krumboltz, J. D. (2003). Creating and capitalizing on happenstance in educational and vocational guidance. In R. Kunz, J. P. Dauwalder, & J. Renz (Eds.), Quality development in vocational counselling and training (pp. 30–32). Zürich, Switzerland: SVB.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krumboltz, J. D. (1993). Integrating career and personal counseling. The Career Development Quarterly, 42, 143–148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krumboltz, J. D. (2015). The purpose of career counseling. Career Convergence Magazine, April, 3–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuder, G. F. (1977). Activity interests and occupational choice. Chicago, IL: Science Research Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (1986). Individual workbook for career guidance investigation. Pretoria, South Africa: University of Pretoria.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (1996). Individual workbook for career guidance investigation (Shortened version). Pretoria, South Africa: University of Pretoria.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2005). The torn learning sprockets: Stars in the ascendant. Gifted Education International, 20, 380–390.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2006). The Career Interest Profile (Version 1). Randburg, South Africa: JvR Psychometrics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2008). Career Interest Profile (Version 2). Randburg, South Africa: JvR Psychometrics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2009). Career counseling in the 21st century: South African institutions of higher education at the crossroads. South African Journal of Higher Education, 23, 429–435.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2010a). Brief overview of the advancement of postmodern approaches to career counseling. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 20, 361–369.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2010b). Using early memories in career-story interviewing. In J. G. Maree (Ed.), Career counseling: Methods that work (pp. 167–199). Cape Town, South Africa: Juta Academic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2010c). The Career Interest Profile (Version 3). Randburg, South Africa: JvR Psychometrics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2010d). Critical appraisal of the system of education and prospects of meeting the manpower and developmental needs of South Africa. Africa Insight, 40, 85–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2012). Two DVD set: A guide to reflective career counselling – with Prof Maree. Randburg, South Africa: JvR Psychometrics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2013). Counseling for career construction: Connecting life themes to construct life portraits: Turning pain into hope. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2016). Maree Career Matrix (MCM). Randburg, South Africa: JvR Psychometrics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2017a). The Career Interest Profile (Version 6). Randburg, SA: JvR Psychometrics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2017b). The Career Interest Profile (CIP) (version 6): Obtaining, qualitatively, a profile of personal career-life themes and interests. Randburg: JvR Psychometrics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2017c). Life design counselling. In G. Stead & M. Watson (Eds.), Career psychology (3rd ed., pp. 105–118). Pretoria, South Africa: Van Schaik.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2018a). Perspective: Promoting career development in the early years of people’s lives through self- and career construction counselling to promote their career resilience and career adaptability. Early Child Development and Care, 188(4), 421–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2018.1438748.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2018b). Promoting career development and life design in the early years of a person’s life. Early Child Development and Care, 188(4), 425–436. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2017.1345892.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2018c). Advancing career counselling research and practice using a new quantitative + qualitative approach to elicit clients’ advice from within. South African Journal of Higher Education, 32(4), 149–170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2019a, June). Career Development in Africa: Decent work for all: Brief photomontage. Keynote Address at the Annual Career Development Practitioner Congress, Emperors Palace Conference Centre, Kempton Park, South Africa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G. (2019b). Postmodernising career counseling in a deep rural context. In J. G. Maree (Ed.), Handbook of innovative career counseling (pp. 577–596). New York, NY: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G., & Beck, G. (2004). Using various approaches in career counselling for traditionally disadvantaged (and other) clients: Some limitations of a new frontier. South African Journal of Education, 24(1), 80–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G., & Sommerville, J. (2008). Development of a post-modern career interest questionnaire. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 17, 125–130.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G., & Taylor, N. (2016a). Manual for the Maree Career Matrix (MCM). Randburg, SA: JvR Psychometrics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maree, J. G., & Taylor, N. (2016b). Development of the Maree Career Matrix: A new interest inventory. South African Journal of Psychology, 46(4), 462–476. https://doi.org/10.1177/0081246316641558.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, K. M. (1968). Manual for the Rothwell-Miller Interest Blank. Windsor, England: NFER.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash, R. (2018). Are memories reliable? Expert explains how they change more than we realize. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/are-memories-reliable-expert-explains-how-they-change-more-than-we-realise-106461?utm_medium=email&utm_ca….

  • Neault, R., & Pickerell. (2019). Maximizing career engagement across a lifetime of transitions. In J. G. Maree (Ed.), Handbook of innovative career counseling (pp. 195–212). New York, NY: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Owen, K. (2000). Manual for the Differential Aptitude Tests (SAT-L). Pretoria, South Africa: HSRC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson-Mills, S. (2014). Ethics in a nutshell. NCDA Career Developments, 30(2), 24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ronald, V. (2014, May 11). Vince Gill: Go rest high on that mountain. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xA9M3MpFPQY.

  • Samson, J. (2017). 1001 South African songs you must hear. Retrieved from https://1001sasongs.wordpress.com/2017/04/21/tulips-for-toinette-johnny-kongos-the-g-men/.

  • Savickas, M. L. (1989). Career-style assessment and counseling. In T. Sweeney (Ed.), Adlerian counseling: A practical approach for a new decade (3rd ed., pp. 289–320). Muncie, IN: Accelerated Development Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (1993). Career counseling in the postmodern era. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 7, 205–215.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (1998). Career style assessment and counseling. In T. Sweeney (Ed.), Adlerian counseling: A practitioner’s approach (4th ed., pp. 329–359). Philadelphia, PA: Accelerated Development.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (2004). Vocational psychology, overview. In C. Spielberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of applied psychology (pp. 655–667). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (2005). The theory and practice of career construction. In S. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 42–70). New York, NY: John Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (2011a). Reshaping the story of career counseling. In K. Maree (Ed.), Shaping the story – a guide to facilitate narrative counseling (pp. 1–3). Boston/Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (2011b). Career counseling. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (2011c). Career counseling [DVD]. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (2015a). Career counseling paradigms: Guiding, developing, and designing. In P. Hartung, M. Savickas, & W. Walsh (Eds.), The APA handbook of career intervention (Vol. 1) (pp. 129-143). Washington, DC: APA Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (2015b). Life-design counseling manual. Rootstown, OH: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (2016, July). Meaning at work: Work at meaning. Closing keynote presentation, National Career Development Association Conference, Chicago, United States of America.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (2019). Theories of psychotherapy series. Career counseling (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., & Dauwalder, J. P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., …Van Vianen, A. E. M. (2009). Life designing: A paradigm for career construction in the 21st century. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75, 239-250.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stead, G. B., & Watson, M. B. (1998). Career research in South Africa: Challenges for the future. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 52(3), 289–299. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stead, G. B., & Watson, M. B. (Eds.). (2017). Career psychology in the South African context (3rd ed.). Pretoria: Van Schaik Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Super, D. E. (1972). Vocational development theory: Persons, positions, processes. In J. M. Whiteley & A. Resnikoff (Eds.), Perspectives on vocational development (pp. 13–33). Washington, DC: American Personnel and Guidance Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sweeney, T. J., & Myers, J. E. (1986). Early Recollections: An Adlerian technique with older people. The Clinical Gerontologist, 4(4), 3–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taber, B. J., & Briddick, W. C. (2011). Adlerian based career counseling in the age of Protean Careers. Journal of Individual Psychology, 67(2), 107–121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vecchio, C. A. (2013). Happenstance. In M. L. Savickas (Ed.), Ten ideas that changed career development (p. 12). Broken Arrow, OK: NCDA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welty, E. (1998). One writer’s beginnings. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winnicott, D. W. (1969). The use of an object and relating through identifications in playing and reality. London, England: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winnicott, D. W. (1987). The maturational processes and the facilitating environment. London, England: Hogarth Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jacobus Gideon (Kobus) Maree .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Maree, J. (2020). Eliciting Life Stories Innovatively and Qualitatively: Using the CIP in Career Counseling. In: Innovating Counseling for Self- and Career Construction. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48648-8_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics