Skip to main content

Maternity Protection and the Tunisian Tourism Industry

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Sustainable Human Resource Management in Tourism

Part of the book series: Geographies of Tourism and Global Change ((GTGC))

Abstract

In many contexts adequate maternity protection is almost non-existent, especially in the tourism-related industries. Maternity protection ensures not only equal access to employment, but also to the continuation of employment; a lack of maternity protection can alienate half of a country’s human resource and perpetuate traditional biological sex roles. Drawing on the stories of women working informally and formally, and in the public and private sectors in the Tunisian tourism industry, maternity protection is presented as a major challenge to the UNWTOs assertion that tourism can aid in the attainment of SDG 5: ‘achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls’ (UNWTO, 2016). Women’s stories highlight the incompatibility of policy with pregnancy, presented here as culturally bound, and tourism.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Addati, L., Cassirer, N., & Gilchrist, K. (2014). Maternity and paternity at work: Law and practice across the world. Geneva: International Labour Organization.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beddoe, C. (2004). Labour standards, social responsibility and tourism. London: Tourism Concern.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bleasdale, S. (2006). Connecting paradise, culture and tourism in Tunisia. Journal of Intercultural Studies, 27(4), 447–460.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chékir, H., & Arfaoui, K. (2011). Women’s economic citizenship and trade union participation. In S. Franzway, M. Fonow, & V. M. Moghadam (Eds.), Making globalization work for women: The role of social rights and trade union leadership (pp. 71–92). Albany: State of New York University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa, C., Breda, Z., Bakas, F. E., Durão, M., & Pinho, I. (2016). Through the gender looking-glass: Brazilian tourism entrepreneurs. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 8(3), 282–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Costa, C., Bakas, F., Breda, Z., Durão, M., Carvalho, I., & Caçador, S. (2017). Gender, flexibility and the ‘ideal tourism worker’. Annals of Tourism Research, 64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deery, M., & Jago, L. (2009). A framework for work-life balance practices: Addressing the needs of the tourism industry. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 9(2), 97–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurofound. (2012a). Working conditions in Tanzania. Dublin: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurofound. (2012b). Working conditions in Mozambique. Dublin: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.

    Google Scholar 

  • Enloe, C. (2000). Bananas, beaches and bases: Making feminist sense of international politics. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson, L. (2011). Promoting gender equality and empowering women? Tourism and the third Millennium Development Goal, Current Issues in Tourism, 14(3), 235–249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Figueroa-Domecq, C., Pritchard, A., Segovia-Pérez, M., Morgan, N. J., & Villacé-Molinero, T. (2015). Tourism gender research: A critical accounting. Annals of Tourism Research, 52, 87–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ILO. (2011). Studies on growth with equity, Tunisia a new social contract for fair and equitable growth. Turin: International Labour Organization (International Institute for Labour Studies).

    Google Scholar 

  • ILO. (2012a). Maternity at work: A review of national legislation: Findings from the ILO database of conditions of work and employment laws. Geneva: International Labour Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • ILO. (2012b). Maternity protection resource package: From aspiration to reality for all. Module 10: Breastfeeding arrangements at work. Geneva: Conditions of Work and Employment Programme

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeffrey, H. (2017). A discursive analysis of women’s femininities within the context of Tunisian tourism. Doctoral dissertation, Middlesex University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, L. (2001). (Other) bodies and tourism studies. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(1), 180–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karkkainen, O. (2010). Women at work: Access, limitations and potential in tourism and ICT. Egypt, Jordan and Tunisia. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karkkainen, O. (2011). Women and work in Tunisia: tourism and ICT sectors: a case study. Turin, Italy: European Training Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koome, G. R., Kiprutto, N., Kibe, J., & Kiama, F. W. (2013). Gender representation in Kenya’s hospitality industry: A connection to tourism entrepreneurial aptitude. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Sports.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladkin, A. (2011). Exploring tourism labour. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(3), 1135–1155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, S., Stumbitz, B., Miles, L., & Rouse, J. (2014). Maternity protection in SMEs: An international review. International Labour Organization.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moghadam, V. (2011). Toward Economic Citizenship: The Middle East and North Africa, in V. Moghadam, V. S. Franzway and M. Fonow, (Eds.). Making globalization work for women: The role of social rights and trade union leadership (pp. 25–46). Albany: State of New York University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nunez, G. (2008). Promoting corporate social responsibility in small and medium enterprises in the Caribbean: Survey results. Washington, DC: ECLAC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard, A., & Morgan, N. J. (2000). Constructing tourism landscapes-gender, sexuality and space. Tourism Geographies, 2(2), 115–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robert Rinehart. (2016). Fictional Methods in Ethnography: Believability, Specks of Glass, and Chekhov. Qualitative Inquiry, 4(2):200–224.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinha, S. (2011). Women’ s rights: Tunisian women in the workplace. Journal of International Women’s Studies., 12, 185–200.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stumbitz, B., Kyei, A., Lewis, S., & Lyon, F. (2017). Maternity protection and workers with family responsibilities in the formal and informal economy of Ghana practices, gaps and measures for improvement (No. 994970793302676). International Labour Organization.

    Google Scholar 

  • Süssmuth-Dyckerhoff, C., Wang, J., Chen, J. (2013). Women matter: An Asian perspective—Harnessing female talent to raise corporate performance (McKinsey). http://www.mckinseychina.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/McKinsey_Women-Matter-a-asian-perspective.pdf.

  • UNWTO and UN Women. (2011), ‘Global Report on Women in Tourism 2010’. Madrid: UNWTO and UN Women.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veijola, S., & Jokinen, E. (2008). Towards a hostessing society? Mobile arrangements of gender and labour. NORA—Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research16(3), 166–181.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Heather Louise Jeffrey .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Jeffrey, H.L. (2020). Maternity Protection and the Tunisian Tourism Industry. In: Baum, T., Ndiuini, A. (eds) Sustainable Human Resource Management in Tourism. Geographies of Tourism and Global Change. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41735-2_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics