Skip to main content

When Is Top-Down State-Building Appropriate?

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 387 Accesses

Part of the book series: Mercatus Studies in Political and Social Economy ((MSPSE))

Abstract

The state has a key role to play in facilitating reconstruction of failed states under certain conditions, such as when there is a breakdown of self-governance and when there are economies of scale in public goods provision, such as with roads and security. Since failed states lack implementation capacity, the donor community has a potentially key role in supporting the state in its efforts to respond to crises. Much like any government intervention, donor responses are subject to information and incentive problems. To increase the chances that donor-assisted state-building works, it is necessary that there are mechanisms to elicit information about the strength and limitations of self-governance at the local level.

We thank Virgil Henry Storr and Stefanie Haeffele, and the participants in the Hayek Program Responding to Crisis Symposium at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, for exceptionally useful comments.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   29.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   37.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Edwards (2002) provides a compelling account of the link between the community government and the rise of the Afghan Taliban.

  2. 2.

    Depending on the source, Afghanistan has between 20,000 and 40,000 villages, most with no more than a few hundred people. The total population is less than 25 million.

References

  • Acemoglu, D., T. Reed, and J.A. Robinson. 2014. Chiefs: Economic Development and Elite Control of Civil Society in Sierra Leone. Journal of Political Economy 122 (2): 319–368.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agrawal, A., and C.C. Gibson. 1999. Enchantment and Disenchantment: The Role of Community in Natural Resource Conservation. World Development 27 (4): 629–649.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Akaateba, M.A., H. Huang, and E.A. Adumpo. 2018. Between Co-production and Institutional Hybridity in Land Delivery: Insights from Local Planning Practice in Peri-Urban Tamale, Ghana. Land Use Policy 72: 215–226.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, D.P. 2014. First Steps Towards Hearts and Minds? USAID’s Countering Violent Extremism Policies in Africa. Terrorism and Political Violence 26 (3): 523–546.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aligica, P.D. 2017. Institutional Diversity, Pluralism, and Institutional Theory. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baczko, A. 2016. Legal Rule and Tribal Politics: The US Army and the Taliban in Afghanistan (2001–13). Development and Change 47 (6): 1412–1433.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baldwin, K. 2013. Why Vote with the Chief? Political Connections and Public Goods Provision in Zambia. American Journal of Political Science 57 (4): 794–809.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bates, R.H. 1981. Markets and States in Tropical Africa: The Political Basis of Agricultural Policies: With a New Preface. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2017. The Development Dilemma: Security, Prosperity, and a Return to History. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Beath, A., F. Christia, and R. Enikolopov. 2013. Empowering Women: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Afghanistan. American Political Science Review 107 (3): 540–557.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2015. The National Solidarity Programme: Assessing the Effects of Community-Driven Development in Afghanistan. International Peacekeeping 22 (4): 302–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boettke, P.J., L. Palagashvili, and J. Lemke. 2013. Riding in Cars with Boys: Elinor Ostrom’s Adventures with the Police. Journal of Institutional Economics 9 (4): 407–425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coyne, C.J. 2013. Doing Bad by Doing Good: Why Humanitarian Action Fails. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coyne, C.J., and P.J. Boettke. 2009. The Problem of Credible Commitment in Reconstruction. Journal of Institutional Economics 5 (1): 1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coyne, C.J., and A.R. Hall Blanco. 2016. Empire State of Mind: The Illiberal Foundations of Liberal Hegemony. The Independent Review 21 (2): 237.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dutta, N., P.T. Leeson, and C.R. Williamson. 2013. The Amplification Effect: Foreign Aid’s Impact on Political Institutions. Kyklos 66 (2): 208–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, D.B. 2002. Before Taliban: Genealogies of the Afghan Jihad. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghani, A., and C. Lockhart. 2009. Fixing Failed States: A Framework for Rebuilding a Fractured World. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, R. 2012. The Afghan Way of War: How and Why They Fight. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, E., and C. Samii. 2014. Fast-Track Institution Building in Conflict-Affected Countries? Insights from Recent Field Experiments. World Development 64: 740–754.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leeson, P.T. 2006. Efficient Anarchy. Public Choice 130 (1–2): 41–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2007a. Anarchy, Monopoly, and Predation. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 163 (3): 467–482.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2007b. Better Off Stateless: Somalia Before and After Government Collapse. Journal of Comparative Economics 35 (4): 689–710.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2014. Anarchy Unbound: Why Self-Governance Works Better than You Think. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Leeson, P.T., and P.J. Boettke. 2009. Two-Tiered Entrepreneurship and Economic Development. International Review of Law and Economics 29 (3): 252–259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leeson, P.T., and D. Skarbek. 2009. What Can Aid Do? Cato Journal 29 (3): 391–397.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mokyr, Joel. 1990. The Lever of Riches: Technological Creativity and Economic Progress. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murtazashvili, J. 2016a. Afghanistan: A Vicious Cycle of State Failure. Governance 29 (2): 163–166.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2016b. Informal Order and the State in Afghanistan. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Murtazashvili, I., and J. Murtazashvili. 2015. Anarchy, Self-Governance, and Legal Titling. Public Choice 162 (3–4): 287–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2016a. The Origins of Property Rights: States or Customary Organizations? Journal of Institutional Economics 12 (1): 105–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2016b. When Does the Emergence of a Stationary Bandit Lead to Property Insecurity? Rationality and Society 28 (3): 335–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Myerson, R. 2014. Constitutional Structures for a Strong Democracy: Considerations on the Government of Pakistan. World Development 53: 46–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • North, D.C. 1981. Structure and Change in Economic History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • North, D.C., J.J. Wallis, and B.R. Weingast. 2009. Violence and Social Orders: A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Olken, B.A. 2007. Monitoring Corruption: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Indonesia. Journal of Political Economy 115 (2): 200–249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2010. Direct Democracy and Local Public Goods: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Indonesia. American Political Science Review 104 (2): 243–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olson, M. 1993. Dictatorship, Democracy, and Development. American Political Science Review 87 (3): 567–576.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E. 1990. Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2005. Understanding Institutional Diversity. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2007. A Diagnostic Approach for Going Beyond Panaceas. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104 (39): 15181–15187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Palagashvili, L. 2018. African Chiefs: Comparative Governance Under Colonial Rule. Public Choice 174 (3–4): 277–300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poullada, L.B. 1973. Reform and Rebellion in Afghanistan, 1919–1929; King Amanullah’s Failure to Modernize a Tribal Society. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell, B., and E.P. Stringham. 2009. Public Choice and the Economic Analysis of Anarchy: A Survey. Public Choice 140 (3–4): 503–538.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Powell, B., R. Ford, and A. Nowrasteh. 2008. Somalia After State Collapse: Chaos or Improvement? Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 67 (3–4): 657–670.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, B.R. 2002. The Fragmentation of Afghanistan: State Formation and Collapse in the International System. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, J.C. 1999. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2009. The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2012. Two Cheers for Anarchism: Six Easy Pieces on Autonomy, Dignity, and Meaningful Work and Play. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Skarbek, D. 2014. The Social Order of the Underworld: How Prison Gangs Govern the American Penal System. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Stanfield, J.D., Y. Safar, A. Salam, and J. Brick. 2010. Rangeland Administration in (Post) Conflict Conditions: The Case of Afghanistan. In Innovations in Land Rights: Recognition, Administration and Governance, ed. K. Deininger, C. Augustinus, S. Enmark, and P. Munro-Faure, 300–317. Washington, DC: World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stringham, E.P. 2015. Private Governance: Creating Order in Economic and Social Life. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Tilly, C. 1990. Coercion Capital and European States A D 990–1990. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tripp, A.M. 1997. Changing the Rules: The Politics of Liberalization and the Urban Informal Economy in Tanzania. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vahabi, M. 2015. The Political Economy of Predation: Manhunting and the Economics of Escape. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2016. A Positive Theory of the Predatory State. Public Choice 168 (3–4): 153–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weingast, B.R. 1995. The Economic Role of Political Institutions: Market-Preserving Federalism and Economic Development. Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 11 (1): 1–31.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jennifer Murtazashvili .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Murtazashvili, J., Murtazashvili, I. (2020). When Is Top-Down State-Building Appropriate?. In: Haeffele, S., Storr, V. (eds) Government Responses to Crisis. Mercatus Studies in Political and Social Economy. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39309-0_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39309-0_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-39308-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-39309-0

  • eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics