Abstract
Corresponding to contemporary international frameworks that promote sustainable development following the adoption of the Paris agreement at the 21st Conference on the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), 17 sustainable development goals are specifically promoted, and, in addition to sustainability, resilience and, accordingly, disaster risk reduction. In this respect, the harmonization of global, regional and local development is conditioned by climate change issues. The Republic of Serbia (RS), according to the given scenarios, expects a rise in temperature and long-lasting droughts and fires, as well as more intense precipitations that could result in the occurrence of natural hazards such as floods, escarpments and other similar events. Thus, this paper provides an overview of the current planning framework that addresses the problem of preparing areas for emergency situations and disaster risk reduction with a special reference to these climate change issues and their impact in terms of natural disasters. An overview of selected case studies shows that disaster risk reduction is present in the planning documents—the spatial and urban plans—and that the natural hazards that have appeared within the last decade in Serbia have resulted in the initiating and innovating of the legal and planning bases, as well as concrete adjustments and amendments within the planning documents.
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Notes
- 1.
Within the context of climate change, natural hazards are “naturally occurring physical phenomena caused either by rapid or slow onset events which are climatological (extreme temperatures, drought and wildfires) or meteorological (cyclones and storms/wave surges)” (IFRC 2018).
- 2.
The Paris Agreement was adopted after the 21st Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in December 2015 (UN, Paris Agreement, 2018).
- 3.
The Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action for a Safer World contains guidelines for preventing natural disasters, the mitigation of the effects of natural disasters and the action plan adopted in 1994. The Progress Report highlights the importance of reducing disaster risk based on a proactive approach to information and motivating and involving people in all aspects of disaster risk reduction in their local communities (UNISDR 2018a, b).
- 4.
The Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action for a Safer World, the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015 and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (SFDRR).
- 5.
The role of disaster risk management implies a systematic process of the application of appropriate administrative directives, as well as the necessary organizational and operational capacities and capacity to implement strategies and policies in order to reduce the negative impacts of disasters and increase the possibilities of their forecasting (UNISDR: Terminology 2018b). On the other hand, Disaster risk reduction (DRR) focuses on “preventing new and reducing existing disaster risk and managing residual risk, all of which contribute to strengthening resilience and therefore to the achievement of sustainable development (Ibid.)”.
- 6.
In December 2011 the Serbian government adopted the Decree on establishment of the Program of Implementation of the SPRS for the period from 2011 to 2015 that elaborates three key areas of implementation monitoring: (i) strategic priorities/projects of the SPRS; (ii) indicators of spatial development as the starting point for monitoring and evaluation of spatial changes; and (iii) model of information system for monitoring and evaluation of the realization of the SPRS.
- 7.
According to Preliminary assessment of floods, determined by the competent ministry in accordance with Law on Water (2010) ordinances, the Kolubara River represents a significant flood area throughout its course.
- 8.
These retentions are part of the river regulation system and the control of its flood waters and their function is to completely or partially stop large waters and reduce flood waves. From the retention, collected water is controlled or pumped out into adjacent river catchments.
- 9.
According to the provisions of the Law on Water (2010), waters are a good of public interest, and water management activities in the regulation of waters and watercourses and protection against harmful effects of water (flood protection) are considered to be activities of public interest, so it is possible to declare a public interest (expropriation) for water facilities.
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This chapter has been prepared within the scientific projects No. III 47014, TR36035 and TR 36036, financed by the Republic of Serbia Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development in the period 2011–2019.
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Crnčević, T., Miljković, J.Ž., Dželebdžić, O. (2020). Treatment of Natural Hazards Within Planning Documents in Serbia in Relation to Climate Change Issues. In: Leal Filho, W., Nagy, G., Borga, M., Chávez Muñoz, P., Magnuszewski, A. (eds) Climate Change, Hazards and Adaptation Options. Climate Change Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37425-9_15
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