Skip to main content

A Novel Titanium Alloy for Additively Manufactured Orthopaedic Implants

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
TMS 2020 149th Annual Meeting & Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings

Abstract

Most existing implants are inherently limited by the mismatch between the performance of metals and biological bone tissues. Moreover, most common biomedical alloys raise toxicological concerns. In this paper, alloy design is used to find optimal metallic titanium compositions which are bio-compatible and which offer inherent lower modulus of elasticity for optimal bone compliance. The alloys were also optimised for additive manufacturing: alloys with low cracking susceptibility and tendency to form fine microstructures were isolated. An optimal alloy composition was then produced and manufactured by 3D printing. Mechanical experiments on manufactured material under tension reveal the stiffness and strength of the alloy. This work confirms the suitability of the titanium alloy to lower the stiffness of traditional biomedical alloys while being additively manufacturable and strong.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Sumner DR (2015) Long-term implant fixation and stress-shielding in total hip replacement. J Biomech 48(5):797–800

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ridzwan MI, Shuib S, Hassan AY, Shokri AA, Mohammad Ibrahim MN (2007) Problem of stress shielding and improvement to the hip implant designs: a review. J Med Sci 7(3):460–467

    Google Scholar 

  3. Niinomi M, Nakai M (2011) Titanium-based biomaterials for preventing stress shielding between implant devices and bone. Int J Biomater

    Google Scholar 

  4. Arabnejad S, Johnston B, Tanzer M, Pasini D (2017) Fully porous 3D printed titanium femoral stem to reduce stress-shielding following total hip arthroplasty. J Orthop Res 35(8):1774–1783

    Google Scholar 

  5. Knudson D (1989) Fundamentals of biomechanics

    Google Scholar 

  6. Velasco MA, Narváez-Tovar CA, Garzón-Alvarado DA (2015) Design, materials, and mechanobiology of biodegradable scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Res Int 2015

    Google Scholar 

  7. Pilliar RM, Deporter DA, Watson PA, Valiquette N (1991) Dental implant design–effect on bone remodeling. J Biomed Mater Res 25(4):467–483

    Google Scholar 

  8. Han MK, Kim JY, Hwang MJ, Song HJ, Park YJ (2015) Effect of Nb on the microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, and cytotoxicity of Ti-Nb alloys. Materials 8(9):5986–6003

    Google Scholar 

  9. Markhoff J, Krogull M, Schulze C, Rotsch C, Hunger S, Bader R (2017) Biocompatibility and inflammatory potential of titanium alloys cultivated with human osteoblasts, fibroblasts and macrophages. Materials 10(1):9–12

    Google Scholar 

  10. Markhoff J, Weinmann M, Schulze C, Bader R (2017) Influence of different grained powders and pellets made of Niobium and Ti-42Nb on human cell viability. Mater Sci Eng: C, 73:756–766

    Google Scholar 

  11. Schulze C, Weinmann M, Schweigel C, Keßler O, Bader R (2018) Mechanical properties of a newly additive manufactured implant material based on Ti-42Nb. Materials 11(1):13–16

    Google Scholar 

  12. Vandenbroucke B, Kruth J (2007) Selective laser melting of biocompatible metals for rapid manufacturing of medical parts. Rapid Prototyping J 13(4):196–203

    Google Scholar 

  13. Tan XP, Tan YJ, Chow CS, Tor SB, Yeong WY (2017) Metallic powder-bed based 3D printing of cellular scaffolds for orthopaedic implants: A state-of-the-art review on manufacturing, topological design, mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Mater Sci Eng C 76:1328–1343

    Google Scholar 

  14. Murr LE, Gaytan SM, Martinez E (2012) Fabricating Functional Ti-Alloy Biomedical Implants by Additive Manufacturing Using Electron Beam Melting. J Biotechnol Biomater 02(03)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Alabort E, Barba D, Reed RC (2019) Design of metallic bone by additive manufacturing. Scripta Mater 164:110–114

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hao L, Raymont C, Yan C, Hussein A, Young P (2011) Design and additive manufacturing of cellular lattice structures. In: Innovative developments in virtual and physical prototyping (November 2014), pp 249–254

    Google Scholar 

  17. Otsuki B, Takemoto M, Fujibayashi S, Neo M, Kokubo T, Nakamura T (2006) Pore throat size and connectivity determine bone and tissue ingrowth into porous implants: Three-dimensional micro-CT based structural analyses of porous bioactive titanium implants. Biomaterials 27(35):5892–5900

    Google Scholar 

  18. Badrossamay M, Childs THC (2007) Further studies in selective laser melting of stainless and tool steel powders. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 47(5):779–784

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jinhui L, Ruidi L, Wenxian Z, Liding F, Huashan Y (2010) Study on formation of surface and microstructure of stainless steel part produced by selective laser melting. Mater Sci Technol 26(10):1259–1264

    Google Scholar 

  20. Thijs L, Verhaeghe F, Craeghs T, Humbeeck JV, Kruth JP (2010) A study of the microstructural evolution during selective laser melting of Ti–6Al–4V. Acta Mater 58(9):3303–3312

    Google Scholar 

  21. Leuders S, Thöne M, Riemer A, Niendorf T, Tröster T, Richard HA, Maier HJ (2013) On the mechanical behaviour of titanium alloy TiA16V4 manufactured by selective laser melting: Fatigue resistance and crack growth performance. Int J Fatigue 48:300–307

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ghouse S, Babu S, Van Arkel RJ, Nai K, Hooper PA, Jeffers JR (2017) The influence of laser parameters and scanning strategies on the mechanical properties of a stochastic porous material. Mater Des 131:498–508

    Google Scholar 

  23. Ashby MF, Gibson LJ, Wegst U, Olive R (1995) The Mechanical Properties of Natural Materials. I. Material Property Charts. Proc R Soc A Math Phys Eng Sci 450(1938):123–140

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Enrique Alabort .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Alabort, E., Barba, D., De Diego, A., Aguirre-Cebrian, M.V., Reed, R.C. (2020). A Novel Titanium Alloy for Additively Manufactured Orthopaedic Implants. In: TMS 2020 149th Annual Meeting & Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36296-6_25

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics