Skip to main content

Rheumatological Manifestations of HIV Infection

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
HIV Infection in Children and Adolescents
  • 322 Accesses

Abstract

The protean manifestations of HIV infection derive from its complex dysregulation of the immune system. The spectrum of rheumatological disorders reported in children living with HIV infection include arthralgia, arthritis, myopathies, vasculopathies, systemic lupus erythematosus, diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome, and complications of highly active antiretroviral therapy. The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved the prognosis and changed the profile of rheumatologic disorders. This chapter reviews the pathogenesis, the clinical presentations and the treatment of the rheumatological disorders associated with HIV infection in children.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Mody G, Parke F, Reveille JD. Articular manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2003;17(2):265–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Njobvu P, McGill P. Human immunodeficiency virus related reactive arthritis in Zambia. J Rheumatol. 2005;32:1299–304.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Berman A, Espinoza LR, Diaz JD, et al. Rheumatic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am J Med. 1988;85:59–64.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Adizie MRJ, Hodkinson B, French N, Adebajo AO. Inflammatory arthritis in HIV positive patients: a practical guide. BMC Infect Dis. 2016;16:100. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-016-1389-2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Chinniah K, Mody GM, Bhimma R, Adhikari M. Arthritis in association with human immunodeficiency virus infection in black African children: causal or coincidental? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44:915–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Martinez-Rojano H, Juarez Hernandez E, Ladròn De Guevara G, del Carmen Gorbea-Robles M. Rheumatologic manifestations of paediatric HIV infection. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2001;15:519–26.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Schuval SJ, Bonagura VR, Ilowite NT. Rheumatologic manifestations of paediatric human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Rheumatol. 1993;20:1578–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Chakladar D, Mondal RK, Sabul TK, Bhowmik S, Biswas T. Musculoskeletal manifestations in paediatric patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: developing country perspective. Eur J Rheumatol. 2018;6(1):7–11. https://doi.org/10.5152/eurjrheum.2018.18045.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Suri D, Sharma A, Bhattad S, Rawat A, Arora S, Minz RW, et al. Arthritis in childhood human immunodeficiency virus infection predominantly associated with human leukocyte antigen B27. Int J Rheum Dis. 2016;19:1018–23.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Zaborowski AG, Parbhoo D, Chinniah K, Visser L. Uveitis in children with human immunodeficiency virus-associated arthritis. J AAPOS. 2008;12:608–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Lawson E, Walker-Bone K. The changing spectrum of rheumatic disease in HIV infection. B Med Bull. 2012;103(1):203–21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. McGonagle D, Reade S, Marzo-Ortega H, Gibbon W, O’Connor P, Morgan E, Emery P. Human immunodeficiency virus associated spondyloarthropathy: pathogenic insights based on imaging findings and response to highly active antiretroviral treatment. Ann Rheum Dis. 2001;60:696–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Patel N, Patel N, Espinoza LR. HIV infection and rheumatic diseases: the changing spectrum of clinical enigma. Rheum Dis Clin N Am. 2009;35:139–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Nguyen BY, Reveille JD. Rheumatic manifestations associated with HIV in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2009;21:404–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Fox C, Bone W. Evolving spectrum of HIV-associated rheumatic syndromes. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2015;29(2):244–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Johnson RW, Williams FM, Kazi S, Dimachkie MM, Reveille JD. Human immunodeficiency virus-associated polymyositis: a longitudinal study of outcome. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;49(2):172–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Scruggs ER, Dirks Naylor AJ. Mechanisms of zidovudine-induced mitochondrial toxicity and myopathy. Pharmacology. 2008;82(2):83–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hart AM, Wilson AD, Montovani C, Smith C, Johnson M, Terenghi G, et al. Acetyl-l-carnitine: a pathogenesis based treatment for HIV-associated antiretroviral toxic neuropathy. AIDS. 2004;18(11):1549–60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Kenyon C, Pillay K, Heckmann JM. Beware of the “normal” creatine kinase levels in HIV-associated polymyositis: the Groote Schuur experience. S Afr Med J. 2010;100(3):156–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Heckmann JM, Pillay K, Hearn AP, Kenyon C. Polymyositis in African HIV infected subjects. Neuromuscul Disord. 2010;20:735–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Maganti R, Reveille JD, Williams FM. Therapy insight: the changing spectrum of rheumatic disease in HIV infection. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2008;4(8):428–38.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Joshi VV, Pawel B, Connor E, Sharer L, Oleske JM, Morrison S, Marin-Garcia J. Arteriopathy in children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Pediatr Pathol. 1987;7:261–75.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Patsalides AD, Wood LV, Atac GK, Sandifer E, Butman JA, Patronas NJ. Cerebrovascular disease in HIV-infected pediatric patients: neuroimaging findings. Am J Roentgenol. 2002;179:999–1003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Chetty R. Vasculitides associated with HIV infection. J Clin Pathol. 2001;54:275–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Schieffelin JS, Williams PL, Djokic D, et al. Central nervous system vasculopathy in HIV-infected children enrolled in the pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 219/219C Study. J Pediatr Infect Dis Soc. 2013;2:50–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Demopoulos D, Hendson W, Technau K, Cilliers AM. (2009) vasculopathy in HIV-infected children—a case series. SAfr J Child Health. 2009;3(1):27–30.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Chalom EC, Rezaee F, Mendelson J. Paediatric patient with SLE and congenitally acquired HIV. Peadiatr Rheumatol Online J. 2008;6:7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1546-0096-6-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kogielambal Chinniah .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Chinniah, K. (2020). Rheumatological Manifestations of HIV Infection. In: Bobat, R. (eds) HIV Infection in Children and Adolescents. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35433-6_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics