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Nanotechnology in Skin, Soft Tissue, and Bone Infections pp 25–48Cite as

Metal Nanoparticle Based Antibacterial Nanocomposites for Skin Infections

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Abstract

There are ample numbers of patients who have been suffering from skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) all over the world. Development of SSTIs associates with various symptoms such as inflammatory response, fever and formation of lesions. Conventional antibiotic therapy has been used as routine practice for this kind of medical situation. However, the present scenario becomes more challenging due to the prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacterial infections. Moreover, the delayed wound healing due to certain medical conditions such as diabetes leads to an exaggeration of the complicacy of the skin infections. Therefore, healing bacterial skin infections with conventional antibiotics is not always found to be effective. Moreover, skin infections sometimes result in permanent scarring on infected areas after complete recovery also. This demands new therapeutics for skin infections as well as removal of the scar. In order to address these issues, for last few decades, nanotechnology-based approaches have been attempted by various research groups. These offer significant prospects of developing new therapeutic agents which exhibit heightened bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infection. Additionally, the nanoscale materials have been used as an integrated component of several skincare products like gels and creams which assist the removal of the scar and the protection of the skin from potentially toxic UV light and other harmful agents like pollutants too. There have been several nanoscale materials such as metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), nanospheres, nanocapsules and various other nanocomposites which show huge potential of using these to combat against skin infections due to antibiotic resistant bacteria also.

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Abbreviations

Ag NPs:

Silver nanoparticles

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

Au NPs:

Gold nanoparticles

Cu NPs:

Copper nanoparticles

CuO:

Copper oxide

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

Fe3O4:

Iron oxide

MDR:

Multidrug resistant

MgO:

Magnesium oxide

NPs:

Nanoparticles

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SPION:

Super-paramagnetic iron oxide

SSTIs:

Skin and soft tissue infections

TiO2:

Titanium dioxide

UV:

Ultraviolet

XDR:

Extensive drug resistant

ZnO:

Zinc oxide

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Author notes

  1. Arushi Verma and Vishal Singh contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, India

    Arushi Verma, Vishal Singh & Amaresh Kumar Sahoo

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  1. Arushi Verma
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  2. Vishal Singh
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  3. Amaresh Kumar Sahoo
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Correspondence to Amaresh Kumar Sahoo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

    Mahendra Rai

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Verma, A., Singh, V., Sahoo, A.K. (2020). Metal Nanoparticle Based Antibacterial Nanocomposites for Skin Infections. In: Rai, M. (eds) Nanotechnology in Skin, Soft Tissue, and Bone Infections. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35147-2_2

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