Skip to main content

When Inclusion Means Smart City: Urban Planning Against Poverty

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 1069))

Abstract

A majority of human beings live in cities, half of them in cities of less than 500.000 inhabitants, and around 1 billion of dwellers live today in slums (meaning 25% of urban residents in the global South). Having these numbers in mind, the main question for urban planners and decision makers is: why our forecasts of a sustainable urban development have not been reached, at least not for all people, what may we change in order to create and enhance “smart cities” offering access to infrastructures, services and environment of quality to all, without any exception? Based on a conceptual approach of urban planning and on case studies in Africa and Latin America, we shall focus on 3 dimensions of a renewed urban planning: base the planning on a diagnosis of human and material reality specific to each city – involve the planning in a critical perspective of financial and human available resources – implement innovative technologies in a participatory approach including inhabitants and all urban stakeholders.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals.

  2. 2.

    https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/cities/.

  3. 3.

    https://cooperation.epfl.ch/sustainablehabitatandcities.

  4. 4.

    Mahashreveta Choudhary, Six technologies crucial for smart cities, 18.04.2018. (https://www.geospatialworld.net/blogs/six-technologies-crucial-for-smart-cities/).

    Teena Maddox, Smart cities: 6 essential technologies. (https://www.techrepublic.com/article/smart-cities-6-essential-technologies/).

  5. 5.

    Oshin. What is a Smart City and How Will They Help the Environment? 06.11.2017. (https://greenerideal.com/guides/smart-city-will-help-environment/).

  6. 6.

    Deloitte. Environment. (http://smartcity.deloitte.com/domains/environment/).

  7. 7.

    Matthes Speer. The benefits to the environment of smart city living. (http://www.isustainableearth.com/sustainable-living/benefits-of-smart-city-living) 28.02.2018.

References

  1. Bolay, J.-C., Kern, A. L.: Intermediary cities. In: Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Studies. Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboten (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118568446.eurs0163

  2. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision, Highlights. United Nations, New York (2014). https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/publications/files/wup2014-highlights.Pdf

  3. Bolay, J.-C., Chenal, J., Pedrazzini, Y.: Learning from the Slums: The Habitat of the Urban Poor in the Making of Emerging Cities. Springer, Paris (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31794-6

    Google Scholar 

  4. UN-Habitat: State of the World’s Cities 2010/2011. Bridging the Urban Divide. UN- Habitat & Earthscan, London: (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Robinson, J.: Ordinary Cities: Between Modernity and Development. Routledge, London (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Parnell, S., Robinson, J.: (Re)theorising cities from the global south: looking beyond neoliberalism. Urban Geograph. 33(4), 593–617 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.33.4.593

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Watson, V.: Seeing from the south: refocusing urban planning on the globe’s central issues. Urban Stud. 46, 2259–2275 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098009342598

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Yiftachel, O.: Ethnocracy. Land and Identity Politics in Israel/Palestine. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Tannerfeldt, G., Ljung, P.: More Urban Less Poor. An Introduction to Urban Development and Management. Sida & Earthscan, London (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Tacoli, C., McGranahan, G., Satterthwaite, D.: Urbanisation, rural-urban migration and urban poverty. IIED, London (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Bolay, J.-C., Kern, A.L.: Technology and cities: what type of development is appropriate for cities of the south? J. Urban Technol. 18(3), 25–43 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2011.615563

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Bolay, J.-C.: What sustainable development for the cities of the South? Urban issues for a third millennium. Int. J. Urban Sustain. Dev. 4(1), 76–93 (2012). http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19463138.2011.626170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Albino, V., Berardi, U., Dangelico, R.M.: Smart cities: definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives. J. Urban Technol. 22(1), 3–21 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2014.942092

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Marsal-Llacuna, M.-L., Colomer-Llinàs, J., Meléndez-Frigola, J.: Lessons in urban monitoring taken from sustainable and livable cities to better address the Smart Cities initiative. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change Part B 90, 611–622 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2014.01.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Bakıcı, T., Almirall, E., Wareham, J.: A smart city initiative: the case of barcelona. J. Knowl. Econ. 4(2), 135–148 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-012-0084-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Giffinger, R., Haindlmaier, G.: Smart cities ranking: an effective instrument for the positioning of cities? ACE: Architecture, City and Environment = Arquitectura, Ciudad y Entorno, year IV, Num. 12, pp. 7–25 (2010). http://www-cpsv.upc.es/ace/Articles_n10/Articles_pdf/ACE_12_SA_10.pdf

  17. Ahvenniemi, H., Huovila, A., Pinto-Seppä, I., Airaksinen, M.: What are the differences between sustainable and smart cities? Cities 60, 234–245 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.09.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Monfaredzadeh, T., Berardi, U.: How can cities lead the way towards a sustainable, competitive and smart future? WIT Trans. Ecol. Environ. 191, 1063–1074 (2014). https://doi.org/10.2495/SC140902

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Bolay, J.-C.: Planning the intermediate city, or how to do better with little: the case of the city of Nueve de Julio. Argentina. Curr. Urban Stud. 6(3), 366–400 (2018). https://doi.org/10.4236/cus.2018.63020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Bolay, J.-C.: Prosperity and social inequalities: montes claros, how to plan an intermediary city in Brazil. Curr. Urban Stud. 4, 175–194 (2016). https://doi.org/10.4236/cus.2016.42013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Bolay, J.-C.: Urban planning in Africa: which alternative for poor cities? the case of Koudougou in Burkina Faso. Curr. Urban Stud. 3, 413–431 (2015). https://doi.org/10.4236/cus.2015.34033

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision, Key Facts. United Nations, New York (2018). https://population.un.org/wup/Publications/Files/WUP2018-KeyFacts.pdf

  23. UN-Habitat: Slum Almanac 2015–2016. Tracking Improvement in the Lives of Slum Dwellers. UN-Habitat, Nairobi (2016). https://unhabitat.org/slum-almanac-2015-2016/

  24. World Bank. Global Monitoring Report: Rural-:Urban Dynamics and the Millennium Development Goals. World Bank, Washington, DC (2013). https://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-9806-7

  25. Bolay, J.-C.: Slums and urban development: questions on society and globalisation. Eur. J. Dev. Res. 18(2), 284–298 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1080/09578810600709492

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Hardoy, J.E., Mitlin, D., Satterthwaite, D.: Environmental Problems in an Urbanizing World. Finding Solutions for Cities in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Earthscan, London (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Satterthwaite, D.: The links between poverty and the environment in urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Ann. Am. Acad. Polit. Soc. Sci. 590, 73–92 (2003). https://www.jstor.org/stable/3658546

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Cohen, M.: Urban economic challenges and the new urban agenda. UN-Habitat, Nairobi (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  29. United Nations Human Settlements Program (UN-Habitat): Urbanization and Development: Emerging Futures. World Cities Report 2016. UN-Habitat, Nairobi (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Lea, R..: Smart Cities: An Overview of the Technology Trends Driving Smart Cities. IEEE, Piscataway, USA (2017). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326099991_Smart_Cities_An_Overview_of_the_Technology_Trends_Driving_Smart_Cities

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jean-Claude Bolay .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Bolay, JC. (2020). When Inclusion Means Smart City: Urban Planning Against Poverty. In: Arai, K., Bhatia, R., Kapoor, S. (eds) Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2019. FTC 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1069. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32520-6_23

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics