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Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV

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Abstract

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB are associated with substantially worse outcomes than drug-susceptible TB—especially in the setting of HIV co-infection. Although global TB incidence has decreased over the past decade, drug-resistant TB remains a substantial threat to control of TB worldwide. This chapter reviews the epidemiology of drug-resistant TB, common genetic mutations conferring resistance to first and second-line TB drugs, as well as current diagnostic methods and principles of treatment. Therapy for drug-resistant TB is complicated, associated with frequent side effects, and a field of active research. Several new and repurposed drugs, such as bedaquiline and delamanid, have recently come to market or are in active clinical development. Guidelines change frequently and consultation with a clinician who has expertise in the co-management of drug-resistant TB and HIV is recommended.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine and Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Sara C. Auld

  2. Rollins School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Neel R. Gandhi

  3. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA

    James C. M. Brust

Authors
  1. Sara C. Auld
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  2. Neel R. Gandhi
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  3. James C. M. Brust
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Irini Sereti

  2. Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Gregory P. Bisson

  3. Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    Graeme Meintjes

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Auld, S.C., Gandhi, N.R., Brust, J.C.M. (2019). Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV. In: Sereti, I., Bisson, G.P., Meintjes, G. (eds) HIV and Tuberculosis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29108-2_10

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